Scribd
Upload
98 views

LIM

Linear motors produce motion in a straight line rather than rotational motion like traditional electric motors. In a linear motor, the stator is unwrapped and laid flat, and the rotor moves past it linearly. There are three main types of linear motors: iron core, ironless core, and slotless. Iron core motors have the highest force but also cogging. Ironless core motors have no cogging but lower force. Slotless motors combine aspects of iron core and ironless core designs. Linear motors are used in applications requiring translational motion such as automated assembly, material handling, and transportation systems.

Uploaded by

Sairam Sirasapalli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
98 views

LIM

Linear motors produce motion in a straight line rather than rotational motion like traditional electric motors. In a linear motor, the stator is unwrapped and laid flat, and the rotor moves past it linearly. There are three main types of linear motors: iron core, ironless core, and slotless. Iron core motors have the highest force but also cogging. Ironless core motors have no cogging but lower force. Slotless motors combine aspects of iron core and ironless core designs. Linear motors are used in applications requiring translational motion such as automated assembly, material handling, and transportation systems.

Uploaded by

Sairam Sirasapalli
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

Linear Motors

What are linear motors?


Linear motors are electric induction motors that
produce motion in a straight line rather than rotational
motion.
In a traditional electric motor, the rotor (rotating part)
spins inside the stator (static part)
In a linear motor, the stator is unwrapped and laid out
flat and the "rotor" moves past it in a straight line.

Basics of Linear Motors


Analogous to Unrolled DC Motor

Force (F) is generated


when the current (I)
(along vector L) and
the flux density (B)
interact
F = LI x B
I

Linear Motors in Action

http://www.parkermotion.com/video/Braas_Trilogy_T3E_Video.MPG

Benefits of Linear Motors


High Maximum Speed
Limited primarily by bus voltage, control electronics

High Precision
Accuracy, resolution, repeatability limited by feedback device,
budget
Zero backlash: No mechanical transmission components.

Fast Response
Response rate can be over 100 times that of a mechanical
transmission faster accelerations, settling time (more
throughput)

Stiffness
No mechanical linkage, stiffness depends mostly on gain & current

Durable
Modern linear motors have few/no contacting parts no wear

Downsides of Linear Motors


Cost
Low production volume (relative to demand)
High price of magnets
Linear encoders (feedback) are much more expensive than
rotary encoders, cost increases with length

Higher Bandwidth Drives and Controls


Lower force per package size
Heating issues
Forcer is usually attached to load I2R losses are directly
coupled to load

No (minimal) Friction
No automatic brake

Components of Linear Motors


Forcer (Motor Coil)

Windings (coils) provide current (I)


Windings are encapsulated within
core material
Mounting Plate on top
Usually contains sensors (hall effect
and thermal)

Magnet Rail

Iron Plate / Base Plate


Rare Earth Magnets of alternating
polarity provide flux (B)
Single or double rail

F=

lI x B

Types of Linear Motors


Iron Core

Coils wound
around teeth of
laminations on
forcer

Ironless Core

Dual back iron


separated by
spacer
Coils held together
with epoxy

Slotless

Coil and back iron


held together with
epoxy

[1],[2],[3]

Linear Motor Types: Iron Core


Distinguishing Feature

Copper windings around forcer laminations over a single


magnet rail

Advantages:

Highest force available per unit volume


Efficient Cooling
Lower cost

Disadvantages:

High attractive force between forcer & magnet track


Cogging: iron forcer affects thrust
force as it passes over each
magnet (aka velocity ripple)

Top View
Linear Motor Types: Ironless
[1],[2]

Distinguishing Feature

Forcer constructed of wound coils


held together with epoxy and running
between two rails (North and South)
Also known as Aircore or Uchannel motors

Advantages:

No attractive forces in forcer


No Cogging
Low weight forcer - No iron means
higher accel/decel rates

Disadvantages:

Front View
Forcer
Mounting
Plate
Winding, held
Rare
by epoxy
Earth
Magne
Hall Effect and
Horseshoe
ts
Thermal
Shaped
Sensors in coil
backiron

Low force per package size


Lower Stiffness; limited max load without improved structure
Poor heat dissipation
Higher cost (2x Magnets!)

Linear Motor Types: Slotless


[1],[2]
Side View
Distinguishing Feature

Mix of ironless and iron core: coils


with back iron contained within
aluminum housing over a single
magnet rail

Advantages over ironless:

Lower cost (1x magnets)


Better heat dissipation
Structurally stronger forcer
More force per package size

Front View
Coil
Back Mounting
iron
plate
Thermal assembly
sensor

Advantages over iron core:

Lighter weight and lower inertia


forcer
Lower attractive forces
Less cogging

Rare
Earth
Magnets

Iron
plate

Linear Motor Types: Slotless


[2],[3]
Side View
Disadvantages

Some attractive force and cogging


Less efficient than iron core and
ironless - more heat to do the
same job

Front View
Coil
Back Mounting
iron
plate
Thermal assembly
sensor

Rare
Earth
Magnets

Iron
plate

Linear Motor Type Comparison [2]


Linear Brushless DC Motor Type
Feature

Iron Core

Ironless

Slotless

Attraction Force

Most

None

Moderate

Cost

Medium

High

Lowest

Force Cogging

Highest

None

Medium

Power Density

Highest

Medium

Medium

Forcer Weight

Heaviest

Lightest

Moderate

Construction of a Linear Induction


Motor
If the stator of the poly phase induction motor is cut
along the section and laid on a flat surface, then it
forms the primary of the LIM housing the field system
and consequently the rotor forms the secondary
consisting of flat aluminium conductors with
ferromagnetic core for effective flux linkage

Working of a Linear
Induction Motor

Primary of an LIM is excited by a balanced three


phase power supply
A traveling flux is induced in the primary instead
of rotating 3 flux
Electric current is induced into the secondary due
to the relative motion between the traveling flux
and the conductors
This induced current interacts with the traveling
flux wave to produce linear force or thrust F.
If the secondary is fixed and the primary is free to
move, the force will move the primary in the
direction of the force, resulting in the required
rectilinear motion.

Components of a Complete
Linear Motor System
1. Motor components
2. Base/Bearings
3. Servo
controller/feedback
elements
Typical sensors include Hall
Effect (for position) and
thermal sensors

4. Cable management

Applications

Small Linear Motors


Packaging and Material Handling
Automated Assembly
Reciprocating compressors and
alternators
Large Linear Induction Machines
(3 phase)
Transportation
Materials handling
Extrusion presses

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy