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    Prepared By: Rania Hasan Enas Hamadneh

    Uploaded by

    Vigneshwaran Srinivasan
    The document discusses a homemade CNC machine made of wood. It uses stepper motors controlled by a PIC microcontroller to move in the X, Y, and Z axes according to G-code instructions. The stepper motors are driven by motor controllers and move linear bearings. Limit switches are included for safety. The machine is able to carve drawings on wood pieces by parsing G-code from a file through a C# application.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Prepared By: Rania Hasan Enas Hamadneh

    Uploaded by

    Vigneshwaran Srinivasan
    68 views20 pages
    The document discusses a homemade CNC machine made of wood. It uses stepper motors controlled by a PIC microcontroller to move in the X, Y, and Z axes according to G-code instructions. The stepper motors are driven by motor controllers and move linear bearings. Limit switches are included for safety. The machine is able to carve drawings on wood pieces by parsing G-code from a file through a C# application.

    Original Description:

    cnc

    Original Title

    class_cnc(1)

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    The document discusses a homemade CNC machine made of wood. It uses stepper motors controlled by a PIC microcontroller to move in the X, Y, and Z axes according to G-code instructions. The stepper motors are driven by motor controllers and move linear bearings. Limit switches are included for safety. The machine is able to carve drawings on wood pieces by parsing G-code from a file through a C# application.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    68 views20 pages

    Prepared By: Rania Hasan Enas Hamadneh

    Uploaded by

    Vigneshwaran Srinivasan
    The document discusses a homemade CNC machine made of wood. It uses stepper motors controlled by a PIC microcontroller to move in the X, Y, and Z axes according to G-code instructions. The stepper motors are driven by motor controllers and move linear bearings. Limit switches are included for safety. The machine is able to carve drawings on wood pieces by parsing G-code from a file through a C# application.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Cnc

    machine

    Prepared By:
    Rania hasan
    Enas
    hamadneh
    Numerical control is a method of
    automatically operating a manufacturing
    machine based on a code of letters,
    numbers, and special characters.
    The numerical data required to produce a
    part is provided to a machine in the form
    of a program, called part program or CNC
    program.
    The program is translated into the
    appropriate electrical signals for input to
    motors that run the machine.
    Increase production
    throughput
    Improve the quality and
    accuracy of manufactured
    parts
    Stabilize manufacturing
    costs
    Manufacture complex or
    Flexibility of operation is improved, as is the ability to
    produce complex shapes with good dimensional accuracy,
    repeatability, reduced scrap loss, and high production
    rates,
    Tooling costs are reduced, since templates and other
    fixtures are not required.
    Machine adjustments are easy to make with
    microcomputers
    More operations can be performed with each setup, and
    less
    lead time for setup and machining is required compared
    to
    conventional methods. Design changes are facilitated,
    and
    inventory is reduced.
    Programs can be prepared rapidly
    and can be recalled at
    any time utilizing microprocessors.
    Less paperwork is involved.
    Faster prototype production is
    possible.
    Required operator skill is less than
    that for a qualified
    machinist, and the operator has
    more time to attend to other tasks in
    the work area
    Our machine understand G-code language which is commonly used in CNCs World.
    Advantages:
    benefit by existent smart algorithms that generate G-code for any complex
    computer shapes .
    Wood body
    Pic 18 controller.
    Stepper motors and electrical
    movable arm
    Driver circuit for steppers H-bridges,
    and other components.
    Serial communication interface.
    wooden layout: We used wood in
    building our body since its lighter
    than iron
    We used linear-motion bearing
    which is a bearing designed to
    provide free motion in one
    dimension The bearing will slide on
    an aluminum or steel angle keeping
    the bearing in place. These bearings
    will also walk on aluminum corners.
    CNC Axis (x, y, and z): The z-
    axis is one of three axes for the
    CNC The z-axis allows the router to
    move in the up and down
    direction. The CNC Z axis is very
    important to the CNC machines.
    Without this axis, depth cannot be
    created.
    The function of the y-axis serves
    as a motor mount to move the z-
    X-axis :use 2 pieces One for the
    front and one for the back. these
    two pieces serve also as height
    stands
    Stepper Motors
    The motors are the heart of any
    CNC machine. The size and type
    of motor can define a CNC
    routers precision, speed, and
    accuracy. There are two primary
    classes of motors used on CNC
    machines, stepper motors and
    servo motors. Within these two
    classes there are several types.
    This Step motor controller uses the
    L297 and L298N driver combination; it
    can be used as standalone or
    controlled by microcontroller. It is
    designed to accept step pulses at up to
    25,000 per second. Previous
    schematic is just to control one motor
    so for the milling machine you need 3
    of these circuits and 3 motors.
    G Code

    The "instructions" read by CNC machines are


    usually a human readable format called G-
    Code. The machine is set up with a base unit,
    like Inch or mm, and a command of G01 X500
    Y200 Z100 on a metric mm setup tells the
    machine it needs to move
    500 units on the X axis and 200 units on the Y
    axis and 100 on z axis.
    C# application with simple and easy
    to use interface.
    Main idea in C# application is to read
    a text file which contain the G-Code
    and parse the values of pixel of the
    image to the PIC, then the
    microcontroller get the values and
    move the motors according to the
    signed values received.
    The picc code give the values of
    pixel to the stepper motor through
    pic ports
    We used a limit switches in our
    body to ensure that the machine
    will stop directly in case the
    motor try to rotate a distance
    more that the length of the axis.

    Cnc mean computer numerical control


    machine its a form of programmable
    automation drill drawings on wood use g
    coding consist of 3 motors and their drivers
    and pic with its basic circuit and body made
    of wood hold on motors and drill and the
    wood we want to draw on it
    We tried to make cheap fast safety cnc
    machine that drill on wood piece according to
    any drawing we draw to it.

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