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    Am/ DSBFC

    Uploaded by

    sujithaa13
    The document describes the mathematical equations and process of amplitude modulation (AM) in the time and frequency domains. It defines the key components of an AM wave, including the carrier signal, message signal, modulation index, and sidebands. The modulation process combines the carrier and message signals to produce an AM wave. Key points are that the bandwidth of an AM signal is equal to 2fm, where fm is the frequency of the message signal, and the power in the sidebands is equal to (ma2/4)Pc, where ma is the modulation index and Pc is the power of the carrier.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Am/ DSBFC

    Uploaded by

    sujithaa13
    59 views10 pages
    The document describes the mathematical equations and process of amplitude modulation (AM) in the time and frequency domains. It defines the key components of an AM wave, including the carrier signal, message signal, modulation index, and sidebands. The modulation process combines the carrier and message signals to produce an AM wave. Key points are that the bandwidth of an AM signal is equal to 2fm, where fm is the frequency of the message signal, and the power in the sidebands is equal to (ma2/4)Pc, where ma is the modulation index and Pc is the power of the carrier.

    Original Description:

    Introduction to amplitude modulation

    Original Title

    1-2

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    © © All Rights Reserved

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    The document describes the mathematical equations and process of amplitude modulation (AM) in the time and frequency domains. It defines the key components of an AM wave, including the carrier signal, message signal, modulation index, and sidebands. The modulation process combines the carrier and message signals to produce an AM wave. Key points are that the bandwidth of an AM signal is equal to 2fm, where fm is the frequency of the message signal, and the power in the sidebands is equal to (ma2/4)Pc, where ma is the modulation index and Pc is the power of the carrier.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    59 views10 pages

    Am/ DSBFC

    Uploaded by

    sujithaa13
    The document describes the mathematical equations and process of amplitude modulation (AM) in the time and frequency domains. It defines the key components of an AM wave, including the carrier signal, message signal, modulation index, and sidebands. The modulation process combines the carrier and message signals to produce an AM wave. Key points are that the bandwidth of an AM signal is equal to 2fm, where fm is the frequency of the message signal, and the power in the sidebands is equal to (ma2/4)Pc, where ma is the modulation index and Pc is the power of the carrier.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 10

    AM/ DSBFC

    Equation(or) Mathematical
    Expression of AM wave (Time
    domain representation)
     Message(modulating) signal Vm(t)=Vmcos m t (1)
    Carrier signal Vc(t)=Vc cos c t (2)
    Vm Amplitude of message signal
    Vc Amplitude of carrier signal
     After modulation
    VAM=Vc+Vm(t) (3)
     Use (1) in (3)
    VAM=Vc+Vmcos m t
    =Vc[1+ (Vm/Vc)cos m t] = Vc[1+ ma cos m t] (4)
    Vm/Vc ma [Modulation index (or) Depth of modulation
    (or) Degree of modulation]
    Contd…
     Instantaneous amplitude of modulated signal
    is VAM(t)=VAM cos c t (5)
     Use 4 in 5
    VAM(t)= Vc[1+ ma cos m t] cos c t
    =Vc cos c t +maVc cos m t +cos c t
    =Vc cos c t +((maVc)/2)[cos(c + m
    )t+cos(c - m )t]
    =Vc cos c t+ (maVc)/2 cos(c + m )t + (maVc)/2
    cos(c - m )t 6

    Carrier signal upper sideband signal LSB


    Frequency spectrum & Bandwidth
     Side band: The modulated carrier has new
    signals at different frequencies called side
    frequencies or sidebands
     From equation (6) VAM(t) =fc+ fUSB +fLSB
    fUSB = fc+fm
    fLSB = fc-fm
     Bandwidth =USB –LSB
    = (fc+fm )-(fc-fm) =2 fm
    Frequency spectrum of AM
    Phasor representation of AM
    Modulation index (ma)
     ma = Vm/Vc 0≤ ma ≤1
    =(Vmax-Vmin)/(Vmax+Vmin)
    Vmax =Vc+ Vm
    Vmin =Vc - Vm
    Degrees of Modulation
    a)Under modulation (ma
    <1)
    b)Critical modulaiton (ma =1)
    c)Over modulation (ma >1)
    Power relations in AM
     Modulated Wave : Carrier wave ,LSB, USB
     Total PowerPt = Pc + PLSB + PUSB
    =(Vc2/R) + (VLSB2/R) + (VUSB2/R)
    Vc , VLSB ,VUSB : rms values & VLSB = VUSB = VSB
     PLSB = PUSB = PSB = VSB2/R = (maVc/2)2/2R =
    (ma2Vc2)/8R
    = (ma2 /4)(Vc2 /2R) = (ma2 /4) Pc
     Pt =VC2/2R + (ma2 /4) Pc + (ma2 /4) Pc
    = Pc [ 1+ (ma2 /2)]
    Input and Output waveforms
    Advantages :
    Simple to implement
    Low bandwidth
    Can travel Long distance
    Disadvantage:
    More power wasted in sidebands
    Efficiency = 33.3%
    Application:
    TV & Radio broadcasting

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