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    CH - 2 Mobile IP

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    Amit Rawat
    Mobile IP allows mobile devices to change IP networks while maintaining the same IP address. It uses home agents, foreign agents and care-of addresses to tunnel packets to the mobile node's current location. Registration messages update bindings between home and care-of addresses. Tunneling techniques like IP-in-IP encapsulation are used to forward packets. Security measures include authentication, replay protection and IPSec for confidentiality. Mobile IPv6 supports mobility in a more integrated way.

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    CH - 2 Mobile IP

    Uploaded by

    Amit Rawat
    550 views16 pages
    Mobile IP allows mobile devices to change IP networks while maintaining the same IP address. It uses home agents, foreign agents and care-of addresses to tunnel packets to the mobile node's current location. Registration messages update bindings between home and care-of addresses. Tunneling techniques like IP-in-IP encapsulation are used to forward packets. Security measures include authentication, replay protection and IPSec for confidentiality. Mobile IPv6 supports mobility in a more integrated way.

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    Ch - 2 Mobile IP.ppt

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    Mobile IP allows mobile devices to change IP networks while maintaining the same IP address. It uses home agents, foreign agents and care-of addresses to tunnel packets to the mobile node's current location. Registration messages update bindings between home and care-of addresses. Tunneling techniques like IP-in-IP encapsulation are used to forward packets. Security measures include authentication, replay protection and IPSec for confidentiality. Mobile IPv6 supports mobility in a more integrated way.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    550 views16 pages

    CH - 2 Mobile IP

    Uploaded by

    Amit Rawat
    Mobile IP allows mobile devices to change IP networks while maintaining the same IP address. It uses home agents, foreign agents and care-of addresses to tunnel packets to the mobile node's current location. Registration messages update bindings between home and care-of addresses. Tunneling techniques like IP-in-IP encapsulation are used to forward packets. Security measures include authentication, replay protection and IPSec for confidentiality. Mobile IPv6 supports mobility in a more integrated way.

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    Mobile IP

    Agenda
     What is Mobile IP?
     Mobile IP Architecture
     Why Mobile IP?
     How Mobile IP Works
     Registration Message Format
     Tunneling in Mobile IP
     Mobile IP in Action
     Security in Mobile IP
     Mobile in IPv6
     Conclusion
    What is Mobile IP

    Definition:

    Mobile IP is a standard communication protocol, defined to


    allow mobile device users to move from one IP network to
    another while maintaining their permanent IP address [2]
    Mobile IP Architecture
    Correspondent node (CN)

    Home Agent (HA) Remote Agent (RA) Mobile node (MN)

    Entities in Mobile IP
     Mobile Node (MN) - A Node moving to different network, with permanent Home Address.
     Home Agent (HA) - A router on a mobile node's home network which tunnels datagrams for delivery to the mobile
    node when it is away from home, and maintains current location information for the mobile node.

     Home Address - The static fixed IP Address allocated to a mobile node by Home Agent.
     Home Network - A network, having a network prefix/network id.matching that of a mobile node's home address
     Foriegn Network - A network other than a Mobile node’s home network.
     Foreign Agent - Router in foreign network that provides CoA and tunneling with HA and forward the packets to MN.
     Care-of Address - Termination point of a tunnel toward a MN in the foreign netwrok.
     Mobility Binding - The association of a home address with a care-of address (CoA).
     Correspondent Node (CN) - A peer node with which a Mobile node is communicating.
    Why Mobile IP ?
    CN is successfully communicating with MN via HA
    Correspondent node (CN)
    Packets for MN are dropped by the
    Home Agent as Mobile node is not
    Mobile node (MN) present in its network

    Router
    Home Agent (HA)

    Mobile Node moves to remote network


    Remote Agent (RA)
    Why Mobile IP (Cont.)

     Trends: People’s perspective of looking at internet has changed from ages,


    with the introduction of Mobility.

     Need: Increase in the variety of mobile devices, such as PDA’s, laptops and
    cellular phones, more and more internet services are accessible to
    moving users with the widely deployed wireless networks.

     Gene X: 3G Networks, Mobile IPV6


    How Mobile IP works
    Registration FA

    1. Registration Request by MN to FA
    2
    2. FA Relays Registration request to HA 1
    4 3
    3. HA sends Registration reply to FA

    4. FA Relays Registration reply to MN

    HA
    MN
    Mobility Binding Table
    Registration message format

    Register request Register response


    Tunneling in Mobile IP
    CN sends packets to HA
    Correspondent node (CN)

    Home Agent (HA) IP-in-IP or GRE tunnel


    between HA and FA

    HA tunnels the
    Packet and sends to FA
    MN moves to FA Foreign Agent(FA)

    FA extracts original
    Packet and sends to the MN

    Mobile Node (MN)


    Tunneling in Mobile IP(Cont.)

     When CN sends the data to MN, it uses the original address of the MN, so the
    packet goes to HA.

     From the mobility binding HA encapsulates the packet (IP-in-IP or GRE) and
    sends to CoA.

     The FA de-capsulate the packet and extracts the original packet that was sent
    by the CN.

     The FA then sends this packet to the MN using the Home address destination.

     The reverse route from MN to CN may or may not follow this path.

    Triangle routing – Reply packets are sent directly to CN from MN


    Reverse Tunneling – Reply packet are tunneled to HA by FA.
    Mobile IP in Action
    CN is successfully
    Mobility Binding communicating
    table with MN via HA
    Correspondent node (CN)
    Home Address Care-of-Address
    A B
    Mobile node (MN)
    HA Looks binding table
    Home Address = A

    Home Agent (HA)

    1. MN sends Registration request with its new CoA


    2. Mobile binding created for MN with new CoA

    3. MN sends Registration response, after validating request and


    Remote Agent (RA)
    updating binding table
    4. Packets sent to MN from CN are tunneled to RA using binding table

    CoA = B
    Mobile Node moves to remote network
    Security in Mobile IP
     Required as Mobile Nodes are often in unprotected remote network
     Authenticity and Integrity of Registration messages using
    Authentication (e.g. HMAC-MD5).
     Replay attack protection for Registration messages using sequence
    number.
    Security Issues in Mobile IP
    Issue Protocol Solution
    Optional authentication between MN and FA IPv4 AAA and Broker AAA
    services
    Location Privacy IPv4,IPv6 None

    Confidentiality for Data Packets IPv4,IPv6 IPSec or SSL


    Security in Mobile IP (Cont.)
    Mobile IP with AAA (e.g. RADIUS)
    8
    7 3
    Remote AAA
    4
    Broker AAA
    2 9
    Home AAA

    5 6
    Remote Agent (RA)

    1 10
    Home Agent (HA)

    Registration Request

    Registration Response
    Mobile node (MN)
    Security in Mobile IP (Cont.)
    IPSec for Data Confidentiality

    Correspondent node (CN)

    Home Agent (HA) Remote Agent (RA) Mobile node (MN)

    IPSec Tunnel

    Mobile IP Tunnel (IP-in-IP or GRE)


    Mobile IP in IPv6

     Conceptually same as MIPv4

     Inbuilt support using specific extensions for mobile IP

     Route optimization using new type of routing header

     “Triangle routing” problem solved using new destination header option

     Mobility Header to exchange binding messages ( e.g. Registration)

     Better security using IPSec extensions for binding messages


    Conclusion
     Mobile IP plays important role in future with advanced mobile computing
    devices ( 3G phones, Wi-Fi and WiMAX nodes etc)

     Mobility vs. security will always be a trade off

     Security is provided with IPSec and AAA services

     Problem of QoS with Mobile IP need to be addressed

     Standard is driven by IETF , which helps in faster deployment without


    much interoperability issues.

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