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Zika Virus: Causative Agent Flavi Virus/Arbo Virus

The document discusses several mosquito-borne viruses including Zika virus, dengue, and chikungunya. It provides details on: 1) The causative agents and transmission methods of each virus. Zika virus is spread by Aedes mosquitoes and was first isolated in Uganda. Dengue and chikungunya are also spread by Aedes mosquitoes. 2) The signs and symptoms of each virus, which can include fever, rash, joint pain, and in severe cases for dengue and Zika, neurological complications. 3) Diagnosis and treatment focuses on supportive care to treat symptoms since there are no specific treatments or vaccines for these viruses. Prevention emphasizes mosquito

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33 views24 pages

Zika Virus: Causative Agent Flavi Virus/Arbo Virus

The document discusses several mosquito-borne viruses including Zika virus, dengue, and chikungunya. It provides details on: 1) The causative agents and transmission methods of each virus. Zika virus is spread by Aedes mosquitoes and was first isolated in Uganda. Dengue and chikungunya are also spread by Aedes mosquitoes. 2) The signs and symptoms of each virus, which can include fever, rash, joint pain, and in severe cases for dengue and Zika, neurological complications. 3) Diagnosis and treatment focuses on supportive care to treat symptoms since there are no specific treatments or vaccines for these viruses. Prevention emphasizes mosquito

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Zika Virus

Causative Agent

Flavi Virus/Arbo Virus

SHERYL JOY C. DELA CRUZ


Zika Virus
- Zika Virus (ZIKV) is a member of the Virus family
Flaviviridae.
- It is spread by daytime-active Aedes mosquitos, such
a Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus.
- Its name comes from the Zilka Forest of Uganda,
where the virus was first isolated in 1947.
- Zika virus is related to the Dengue.
Zika Virus
- Zika outbreaks have been reported in the
Pacific region, South and Central America,
the Caribbean, Africa, and parts of South
and Southeast Asia.
Signs & Symptoms
• Can have no symptoms, but people may
experience:
Pain areas: in the Back of the eyes, joints, or
muscles
Whole Body: fatigue, fever, chills, loss of
appetite, or sweating
Also common: eye redness, headache, skin rash,
or vomiting
Why Zika Virus is
dangerous?
- Zika virus infections during pregnancy
have been linked to miscarriage and can
cause Microcephaly, a potential fatal
congenital brain condition.
- The Zika Virus also may cause other
neurological disorders such as Guillain
Barre Syndrome (GBS).
MICROCEPHALY GBS
Treatment
• Symptomatic – Supportive
No specific treatment for the Zika Virus
exist. Treatment is aimed at relieving
symptoms with rest, fluids and
medications such as acetaminophen
(tylenol, others) to relieve joint pains and
fever.
Management
Increase of Oral Fluid Take
 Rest
 Proper Nutrition
 Vitamin C
Prevention
Avoid traveling to other country/places
affected by Zika Virus
Safe sex practice
Off lotion
Chikungunya
Definition
- Chikungunya is an illness caused by a virus
that spreads through mosquito Bites.
- Chikungunya is among some of the commonly
occuring disease during the monsoon season.
- This disease is caused in humans when the
mosquitos carrying the chikungunya virus bite
them.
- The Aedes Aegypti and Aedes Albopictus
mosquitos are the ones which carry the virus.
Signs and Symptoms
Symptoms usually begin 3-7 days after being
bitten by an infected mosquito.
The most common symptoms are fever and
joint pains.
Other symptoms may include headache,
muscle pain, joint swelling or rash.
Chikungunya disease does not often result in
death, but the symptoms can be severe and
disabling.
Diagnostic Tools
• The symptoms of Chikungunya are similar to those of
Dengue and Zika Disease spread by the same
mosquitos that transmit chikungunya.
• See your health provider if you develop the
symptoms described above the have visited an area
where chikungunya is found.
• If you have recently traveled, tell your health
provider when and where you traveled.
• Your healthcare provider may order blood test to look
for chikungunya or other similar viruses like Dengue
and Zika.
Treatment
• There is no vaccine to prevent or medicine to
treat Chikungunya Virus.
• Treat the symptoms:
o Get plenty rest.
o Drink fluids to prevent dehydration.
o Take medicine such as acetaminophen or
paracetamol to reduce fever and pain.
o Do not take aspirin and other non-steroidal anti-
inflammatory drugs.
Prevention
• Cover exposed skin by wearing long-
sleeved shirts, long pants, and hats.
• Use an appropriate insect repellent as
directed.
• Used a bed net if the area where you are
sleeping is exposed to the outdoors.
Dengue
Definition
 Dengue is a mosquito- borne viral infection causing a severe
flu-like illness and, sometimes causing a potentially lethal
complication called severe dengue.
 Severe dengue (Previously known as dengue hemorrhagic
fever) was first recognized in the 1950’s during dengue
epidemics in the Philippines and Thailand.
 The dengue virus (DEN) comprises four distinct stereotypes
(DEN-1, DEN-2, DEN-3, DEN-4) which belongs to the genus
Flavivirus, family Flaviviridae.
• Dengue goes by other names, including
“breakbone fever” or “dandy Fever”. Victims
of dengue often have contortions due to the
intense pain in the Joints, muscles, and bones,
hence the name breakbone fever. Slaves in the
West Indies who contracted dengue were said
to have dandy fever because of their postures
and Gait.
The Mosquito
• The Aedes Aegypti Mosquito is the main
vector that transmits the viruses that causes
dengue. The Viruses are passed on the humans
through the bites of an infective female Aedes
Mosquito, which mainly acquires the virus
while feeding on the blood of an infected
person.
Signs and Symptoms
• Symptoms, which usually begin four to six days after
infection and Last for up to 10 days, may include
o Sudden high fever
o Severe headaches
o Pain behind the eyes
o Severe joint and muscle pain
o Fatigue
o Nausea
o Vomiting
o Skin rash, which appears two to five days after the onset of fever
o Mild bleeding (such a nose bleed, bleeding gums, or easy bruising)
Dengue Hemorrhagic
• A rare complication characterized by:
- High Fever, Rash
- damage to Lymph and Blood Vessels
- Bleeding from Nose and Gums
- enlargement of the Liver
- failure of the circulatory System
- Petechiae
(small red spots or purple blisters under the skin)
- Abdominal pain
- black stools
• The Symptoms may progress to massive Bleeding, shock, and
Death. This is called shock syndrome (DDS)
Diagnostic Tools
• Dengue NS-1
• Dengue Combo
• Dengue Sero Blot
• CBC
Treatment
• There is no specific medicine to treat dengue infection.
• Symptoms base intervention
• Fever- paracetamol
• Hydration- oresol, IgCo sachet, then IVF
• Rest

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