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Community Health Nursing Approach: Mrs - Neethu Vincent Asst Professor KVM College of Nursing

Community health nurses utilize several approaches to accomplish community health goals: 1. The persuasive approach involves educating people to change health behaviors. 2. The team approach is necessary to address complex health issues, with nurses working alongside other professionals. 3. Community involvement is crucial, encouraging participation in health services. 4. An intersectoral approach coordinates across sectors like housing and agriculture that influence health.

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Neethu Vincent
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984 views

Community Health Nursing Approach: Mrs - Neethu Vincent Asst Professor KVM College of Nursing

Community health nurses utilize several approaches to accomplish community health goals: 1. The persuasive approach involves educating people to change health behaviors. 2. The team approach is necessary to address complex health issues, with nurses working alongside other professionals. 3. Community involvement is crucial, encouraging participation in health services. 4. An intersectoral approach coordinates across sectors like housing and agriculture that influence health.

Uploaded by

Neethu Vincent
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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COMMUNITY HEALTH

NURSING APPROACH
MRS.NEETHU VINCENT
ASST PROFESSOR
KVM COLLEGE OF NURSING
INTRODUCTION
 To accomplish community health goals and
its aims many approaches are to be
utilized by community health
professionals
APPROACHES

1. Persuasive approach
2. Enforcement
3. Team approach
4. Community involvement
5. Intersectorial approach
6. Evidenced based approach
7. Problem solving approach
8. Epidemiological approach
1)PERSUASIVE APPROACH
 The presuasive approach implies convincing people
through dialogue and educate them to change or
modify their health behaviour
 Community health nurse make use of this approach
in all types of nursing interventions related to
health promotion and specific protection , early
recognition,diagnosis and treatment and disability
limitation and rehabilitation
 It is through education that self care
competencies of individual,family and community
can be developed which is essential to acheive the
goal of health for all.
2)ENFORCEMENT
 The enforcement implies the use of more coercive
measures such as use of legislation e.g. prohibition
of drug abuse ,child abuse, immunization as a
condition to school admission etc. and the use of
authority e.g. giving strict instructions or orders
to do certain things especially when it is a
question of life and death during emergency
situations such as child labor, acute
bronchopneumonia etc.
 Community health nurses make use of such
measures in life threatening emergency situations.
3)TEAM APPROACH
 Community health is a problem solving
process and a team approach is very
necessary to deal with varied and complex
health needs & problems at large.
 It is just not possible for any one profession
or discipline to provide such care.
 community health nursing is one of the
professions & community health nurses along
with auxiliary nurses and female health
supervisors help to meet nursing needs of
the community as a whole.
 other members of the team who are usually
there include physicians, clinical specialists,
public health engineers, health statistians,
epidemiologists, health educationalists,
counselors, social workers, clinical psychologists,
pharmacologists, lab technicians, village health
workers.
 community health nurses working in the
community health settings needs to identify the
health teams and their roles, functions and team
dynamics so as to participate effectively in
providing compressive health care services to
people in the community & accomplish community
health goals and aims.
4)COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT
 Health of the individuals living in a defined community is not
only their "right' but also their "responsibility" to take care
of their own health & of the community at large.
 Without people's help ,participation or cooperation, it is
neither possible to make health care services accessible &
acceptable to them nor it is feasible to achieve community
health goals and aims.
 community involvement & participation is recognized as one
of the crucial supportive approach for successful
implementation of community health care services.
 But it is all the more important for the primary health care
component which is given greatest emphasis at the grass
root level.
 need to encourage and promote them for their participation.
5)INTERSECTORIAL APPROACH
 Health of people at large cannot be attained by health sector alone
because there are
 many factors which affect people's health but they are not under the
purview of the health sector e.g food production
adistribution,water,sanitation,housing,environmental protection and
education etc.each one is dealt by seperate sector and socio economic
development & health
 it is felt necessary to have proper coordination between the health &
all other sectors concerned at all levels.
 Health workers including community health nurses working at the
grass root level for primary health care need to identify these
sectors and coordinate with them to provide desired services which
serve as entry points for the development & implementation for
primary care services .
 community health nurses can also educate on nutritional status of the
family,food storage through programes in the agriculture & health
economics ,proper use & maintaince of houses & the areas surrounding
them through through respective programs etc. "
6)EPIDEMIOLOGICAL APPROACH

 This approach has two major


foundations :
a) Asking questions
b) Making comparison
a)Asking questions
 Epidemiology has been defined as means
of learning or asking and getting
answers that lead to further questions
The following questions to be asked :
 What is the event?
 What is the magnitude?
 Where did it happen?
 Who are affected ?
 Why did it happen?
To observe the determinants, frequency
and distribution of disease in the following
approach
Who (Person)
 Who is ill?
 Gender
 Male /female
 Age
Other characteristics of person
 Social status Marital status
 Family size Height and weight
 Education Blood group
 Birth order Blood cholesterol
 Occupation Personal habits
Where (Place)
 Geographical area of person /area where
disease is seen more frequent or less frequent
When(Time)
 What is being done?
 What facilities of heath is being provided aon
the incidence or prevalence ?
 What curative measure are being provided?
 What preventive measure is being provided?
 What promotive measure is being provided?
b)Making Comparison
 The basic approach in epidemiology is to make
comparison and draw inferences
 This make comparisons of two groups .one
group having the disease and another group
didn’t have the disease are compared
 By making comparison epidemiologist tries to
find out the crucial differences in the host
and environmental factors between those
affected clues to etiology come from such
comparison.
7.EVIDENCED BASED APPROACH
 Evidenced based nursing practice is a nursing process
that entails reviewing and instilling the most reliable and
updated research in patient care.
 EBP involves ability to assess ,summarize and apply
information from the literature to day to day clinical
problems.
GOALS OF EVIDENCED BASED NURSING
 It is to apply valid and reliable nursing research to
clinical practice.
 Individual nurses have the primary responsibilities for
evaluating and promoting evidence in the context of
their practice to ensure that nursing ,practice
maximizes health and quality of care from the clients
perspective.
Need for evidenced based approach

 Enables further health care providers to mange the


explosion of new literature and technology and
ultimately may result in improved patient outcome.
 Preparing students for nursing practice
 Help the students to learn to develop independent
,evidenced based methods of clinical decision
 EBP allows nurses to enrich their clinical training and
experience with updated research.
Steps of EBNP

SELECTION
OF TOPIC

DECISION
TO TEAM
CHANGE FORMING
PRACTICE
EVIDENCED
BASED
NURSING

APPLY EVIDENCE
EVIDENCE RETRIEVAL
8.PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACH

 Problem solving :A higher order cognitive


process that requires the modulation and
control of more routine or fundamental skills
TECHNIQUES OF PROBLEM SOLVING:
 Abstraction
 Analogy
 Brainstorming
 Divide and conquer
 Lateral thinking
 Means-ends analysis
 Methods of focal objects
 Morphological analysis
 Reduction
 Research
 Root cause analysis
 Trail –and- error
SIX STEPS IN PROBLEM SOLVING
PROCESS

Identify and Generate


Analyze the
select the potential
problem
problem solutions

Select and
Implement the Evaluate the
plan the
solutions solutions
solution
U
YO
NK
H A
T

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