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    Interdiciplinary Approach in Taxonomy - Cytotaxonomy

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    Botany Alphonsa
    This document discusses the use of cytological and biochemical characteristics in plant taxonomy. It describes four main cytological characteristics used in cytotaxonomy - chromosome number, size, morphology, and behavior at meiosis. Consistency of these characteristics within genera helps resolve taxonomic problems. Biochemical markers like flavonoids, betalains, and alkaloids are also useful due to structural diversity between plant groups. Together, cytological and chemical traits provide an interdisciplinary approach to elucidate relationships in taxonomy.

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    Interdiciplinary Approach in Taxonomy - Cytotaxonomy

    Uploaded by

    Botany Alphonsa
    883 views10 pages
    This document discusses the use of cytological and biochemical characteristics in plant taxonomy. It describes four main cytological characteristics used in cytotaxonomy - chromosome number, size, morphology, and behavior at meiosis. Consistency of these characteristics within genera helps resolve taxonomic problems. Biochemical markers like flavonoids, betalains, and alkaloids are also useful due to structural diversity between plant groups. Together, cytological and chemical traits provide an interdisciplinary approach to elucidate relationships in taxonomy.

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    INTERDICIPLINARY APPROACH IN TAXONOMY- CYTOTAXONOMY

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    This document discusses the use of cytological and biochemical characteristics in plant taxonomy. It describes four main cytological characteristics used in cytotaxonomy - chromosome number, size, morphology, and behavior at meiosis. Consistency of these characteristics within genera helps resolve taxonomic problems. Biochemical markers like flavonoids, betalains, and alkaloids are also useful due to structural diversity between plant groups. Together, cytological and chemical traits provide an interdisciplinary approach to elucidate relationships in taxonomy.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    883 views10 pages

    Interdiciplinary Approach in Taxonomy - Cytotaxonomy

    Uploaded by

    Botany Alphonsa
    This document discusses the use of cytological and biochemical characteristics in plant taxonomy. It describes four main cytological characteristics used in cytotaxonomy - chromosome number, size, morphology, and behavior at meiosis. Consistency of these characteristics within genera helps resolve taxonomic problems. Biochemical markers like flavonoids, betalains, and alkaloids are also useful due to structural diversity between plant groups. Together, cytological and chemical traits provide an interdisciplinary approach to elucidate relationships in taxonomy.

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    INTERDICIPLINARY

    APPROACH IN
    TAXONOMY-
    CYTOTAXONOMY
    Cytotaxonomy is the utilization of the cytological

    characters in the elucidation of taxonomic


    problems.
    The chromosome characteristics used in most

    cytotaxonomic studies include:-


    1. Chromosome number,
    2. Chromosome size,
    3. Chromosome morphology ,
    4. Chromosome behavior at meiosis.
    Chromosome Number
     All individuals within a species posses the
    same chromosome number .
    Variation or constancy in chromosome no.- a
    taxonomic tool.
    Usually constant with in a genus.
    Helps in controversies in identifying the
    genus.
    Chromosome Size

     The chromosome size has been very useful in


    understanding relationships in several taxa.
     Zingiberaceae- small chromosomes
     Iridaceae- small –medium sized
     Amaryllidaceae-large
     Liliaceae- varying size
    Chromosome Morphology
    Based on the length and position of centromere
     median,
     sub-median,
     sub-terminal, or
     terminal
    Primary constrictions and secondary constrictions
     Satellite
    Symmetrical (two equal arms) or asymmetrical(2
    unequal arms)
    Chromosome behavior at meiosis

    Degree of sterility & occurrence of hybridization


    are determined by the behaviour of chromosome
    during meiosis..
    Abnormalities in meiosis
     Non-pairing
     Crossing over
     Translocations
     Bridge formations
     Lagging chromosomes
    CHEMOTAXONOMY
    Biochemical aspects of plants in taxonomy.
    Phytochemical characters of taxonomic importance
    Directly visible characters
     Raphides, cystoliths, starch grains etc.
    Chemical test characters
     Phenolics, oils, alkaloids flavanoids etc.
    Proteins and amoinoacids
    Flavanoids
    Phenolic glycosides with two benzene rings.
    Common, stable, complex molecules with great
    structural variations.
    So easy to identify
    Includes anthocyanidins,flavones, flavanols,
    flavanones, isoflavones, isoflavanoids etc.
    Betalain
    Nitrogenous anthocyanins
     Eg. All the ten families of the order Centrospermae
    produce betalains
    Alkaloids

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