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DRRR Report

Ground subsidence can be caused by several factors including dissolution of carbonate rocks, excessive groundwater withdrawal, extraction of underground resources like oil and gas, and underground mining. It occurs when the ground surface lowers in elevation relative to sea level or other datum. This can damage infrastructure on the surface. Examples of locations experiencing ground subsidence include areas with carbonate rock terrain susceptible to dissolution and places undergoing extensive underground mining or pumping of groundwater.

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35 views23 pages

DRRR Report

Ground subsidence can be caused by several factors including dissolution of carbonate rocks, excessive groundwater withdrawal, extraction of underground resources like oil and gas, and underground mining. It occurs when the ground surface lowers in elevation relative to sea level or other datum. This can damage infrastructure on the surface. Examples of locations experiencing ground subsidence include areas with carbonate rock terrain susceptible to dissolution and places undergoing extensive underground mining or pumping of groundwater.

Uploaded by

Daniella Mangahas
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Ground Subsidence

Presented by: Group 6


01
What is Ground Subsidence

02
Causes of Ground Subsidence

03 Effect of Ground Subsidence

04
Examples of Ground Subsidence
01
What is Ground
Subsidence
What is Ground Subsidence?

 Is
a relative lowering of the earth’s surface usually with respect to the
mean sea level.

 It can be result of any of the following: Dissolution and collapse of


limestone, excessive groundwater withdrawal, mining, oil and gas
extraction, earthquakes, and change of season.

Pumping and reduces fluid pressure in pore spaces between sediment


grains in unconsolidated materials

Weight of over-burden causes collapse, particularly in fine-grained


layers.
Ground Subsidence

 Can occur owing to the


compaction of materials
as:
 Water is drained from
the soil, often caused by
a reliance on
groundwater supplies.
Organic material decays
Oil is being removed.
02
Causes of Ground
Subsidence
Carbonate Dissolution and
01
collapse

02
Excessive Groundwater
Withdrawal

03 Extraction of oil and natural gas

04 Underground mining methods

05 Isostatic Rebound

06
Change in season
Causes of Ground Subsidence

Carbonate Dissolution and collapse


This is a common cause of subsidence especially in the Philippines which has an
abundance of limestone terrains due to its geographic setting and extensive coastlines.

Limestones are composed of mineral calcite (CaCO3) and possibly other carbonates and
fossils is easily dissolved be even slightly acidic water.

This reaction takes place as the water moves along fractures and other partings of the
rock.
Such dissolution can result in systems of caves and sinkholes.
Carbonate Dissolution and collapse

Caves or Cave Formation


are large underground open spaces.

The dissolution begins along the fracture system of the rock, widening the fractures and
connecting them to other fractures, until the cave is formed

This reaction takes place as the water moves along fractures and other partings of the
rock.
Such dissolution can result in systems of caves and sinkholes.
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