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    Class - 16 - DC Motors Power Flow

    Uploaded by

    Hafsa Alhaddabi
    This document discusses power flow and efficiency in DC motors. It defines constant and variable losses in DC motors. These include iron losses, mechanical losses, shunt field copper losses, armature copper loss, and series field copper loss. The document presents a power flow diagram showing how input electrical power relates to output mechanical power accounting for losses. It provides examples of calculating motor efficiency given input parameters like voltage, current, resistance, speed, and load.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    Class - 16 - DC Motors Power Flow

    Uploaded by

    Hafsa Alhaddabi
    142 views14 pages
    This document discusses power flow and efficiency in DC motors. It defines constant and variable losses in DC motors. These include iron losses, mechanical losses, shunt field copper losses, armature copper loss, and series field copper loss. The document presents a power flow diagram showing how input electrical power relates to output mechanical power accounting for losses. It provides examples of calculating motor efficiency given input parameters like voltage, current, resistance, speed, and load.

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    Class_16_DC Motors Power flow

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    This document discusses power flow and efficiency in DC motors. It defines constant and variable losses in DC motors. These include iron losses, mechanical losses, shunt field copper losses, armature copper loss, and series field copper loss. The document presents a power flow diagram showing how input electrical power relates to output mechanical power accounting for losses. It provides examples of calculating motor efficiency given input parameters like voltage, current, resistance, speed, and load.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    142 views14 pages

    Class - 16 - DC Motors Power Flow

    Uploaded by

    Hafsa Alhaddabi
    This document discusses power flow and efficiency in DC motors. It defines constant and variable losses in DC motors. These include iron losses, mechanical losses, shunt field copper losses, armature copper loss, and series field copper loss. The document presents a power flow diagram showing how input electrical power relates to output mechanical power accounting for losses. It provides examples of calculating motor efficiency given input parameters like voltage, current, resistance, speed, and load.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    of 14

    Electrical Machines

    (M2H62475)
    Class 15 – DC Motors
    (Power Flow and Efficiency)
    Review of Previous Classes
    • Basic Principle of Motor action/DC Motor
    • Principle of DC motors
    • Back emf
    • Classification – Types of DC Motors
    • Shunt, Series & Compound Motors
    • Electric/ equivalent Circuit & V, I Equations
    • Armature Power and Torque
    • Relation between Speed, Flux and Back Emf
    • Numerical Examples
    • See Videos:
    NU//CoE//
    2
    Electrical Machines
    Learning Outcomes

    • What are the various losses of a DC machine, how these


    are categorized?
    • How to calculate the efficiency of a DC machine once the
    losses are determined?

    3
    NU//CoE// Electrical Machines
    Power Flow and Efficiency

    11/17/2020 NUST Oman /Electrical Machines


    Energy Conversion in Motors

    Electrical VI T, N Mechanical
    Input output
    Pi – Losses = Po

    5
    NU//CoE// Electrical Machines
    Power Flow Diagram
    Power developed
    (Converted)
    in the Armature Mechanical
    𝑃  𝑔 =𝐸 𝑔 𝐼 𝑎 Output power
    Output
    Electrical
    Electrical 𝑃
      𝑎 =𝐸𝑏 𝐼 𝑎=𝜔 𝑇 𝑑 2𝜋 𝑁
    𝑃𝑖=𝜔 𝑇 𝑚
    Input  𝑃𝑜 =𝜔 𝑇¿ 𝑠h 60 𝑇 𝑠h
     
    𝑃 𝑖 =𝑉𝐼
     
    Iron + Mechanical
    Copper losses Losses (Friction
    and Windage) => Rotational Losses

      Input Power (Electrical VI) – Copper Losses =Power Developed (Converted)


    in the Armature
    Power Developed – (Iron + Mechanical Losses) = Output Power (Mechanical )

    11/17/2020 NUST Oman /Electrical Machines


    Power Flow Diagram

     𝑷 𝒊 =𝑽𝑰 𝑃
      𝑎 =𝐸𝑏 𝐼 𝑎= 𝜔 𝑇 𝑑

     𝑃𝑜 =𝜔 𝑇 𝑠h
    2𝜋 𝑁
     
    ¿ 𝑇 𝑠h
    60

    NU//CoE// Electrical Machines 7


    Losses in DC Motors
    Constant and Variable Losses
    • Constant losses. The losses in a DC
    machine which remain the same at all
    loads are called
    • (i) Iron losses; (ii) Mechanical losses;
    (iii) Shunt field copper losses
    • Variable losses. The losses in DC
    machine which vary with load are
    called variable losses.
    • (i) Armature copper loss; (ii) Series
    field copper loss

    11/17/2020 NUST Oman /Electrical Machines


    Numerical Example-1
    A 500 V dc shunt motor takes a current
    of 5 A, on no-load. The resistance of the
    armature and field circuits are 0.5 Ω and
    250 Ω respectively. Calculate the
    efficiency when the motor is driving a
    mechanical load and is taking a current
    of 100 A.

    NU//CoE// Electrical Machines 9


    Numerical Example-2
    A dc shunt machine when run as a motor on
    no-load takes 440 W at 220 V, and runs at
    1000 rpm. The field current and armature
    resistance are 1.0 A and 0.5 Ω respectively.
    Calculate the efficiency of the machine when
    running as motor taking 40 A from a 220 V
    supply.
    What would be the efficiency if the machine is
    run as a generator supplying 4 A to 220 V
    bus?

    NU//CoE// Electrical Machines 10


    Numerical Example-3
    A dc motor connected to 200 V mains
    takes 60 A, when delivering full load
    torque of 60 N-m to mechanical load at
    1500 rpm. When the load is fully removed,
    the current drawn by the motor reduces
    to 7 A. Calculate: (i) the full load
    efficiency; (ii) Constant losses and (iii)
    Armature copper loss at Full load.

    NU//CoE// Electrical Machines 11


    Numerical Example-4
    A 230 V d.c. shunt motor delivers power
    to a load at 1200 r/min. The armature
    current drawn by the motor is 200 A.
    The armature circuit resistance of the
    motor is 0.2Ω and the field resistance is
    115 Ω. If the rotational losses are 500W,
    (i) what is the value of the load torque?
    (ii) What will be the efficiency of the
    motor in this example?

    NU//CoE// Electrical Machines 12


    Numerical Example-5
    A series-connected DC motor has an armature
    resistance of 0.5 Ω and field winding
    resistance of 1.5 Ω . In driving a certain load
    at 1200 r/min, the current drawn by the
    motor is 20A from a voltage source of V =
    220V. The rotational loss is 150W. Find the
    output power and efficiency.

    NU//CoE// Electrical Machines 13


    SUMMARY
    • Losses
    • Power flow diagram
    • Efficiency

    NU//CoE//
    14
    Electrical Machines

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