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Working Principle of Purifier and Clarifier

Both purifiers and clarifiers use centrifugal force to separate heavier impurities like water and solids from lighter fuel components. They work by spinning a centrifuge bowl at high speeds, forcing the heavier particles outward. Purifiers provide a three-phase separation of oil, water, and sludge, while clarifiers separate finer solids but still extract small amounts of water. The key difference is that purifiers require sealing water to prevent oil from flowing out with the separated water, while clarifiers do not need sealing water.

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1K views17 pages

Working Principle of Purifier and Clarifier

Both purifiers and clarifiers use centrifugal force to separate heavier impurities like water and solids from lighter fuel components. They work by spinning a centrifuge bowl at high speeds, forcing the heavier particles outward. Purifiers provide a three-phase separation of oil, water, and sludge, while clarifiers separate finer solids but still extract small amounts of water. The key difference is that purifiers require sealing water to prevent oil from flowing out with the separated water, while clarifiers do not need sealing water.

Uploaded by

shin deiru
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Working Principle

of Purifier and
Clarifier
Both Purifier and Clarifier works on the same principles that
by subjecting the fuel to a constant force, the denser
components of the fuel i.e water and solid impurities will be
separated from the lighter components which is the fuel itself.
Through a system of gears, a centrifuge bowl
is rotated at high speeds. Oil to be purified is
allowed to enter the bowl while it is rotating.
The heavier components in the oil are thus
forced outwards. The solid particles that are
too fine to be removed by filtration are forced
towards the circumference of the bowl.
Purifier
• Well, purifier operation involves three-
phase separation of oil water and sludge.
• Considering that purifiers have a
discharge outlet allowing the continuous
discharge of separated water prior to
passing oil through the purifier, sealing
water must be provided to ensure that oil
does not flow out to the separated water
outlet.
• Then, the separation boundary surface or
the interface must be set in a reasonable
range to ensure proper operation. This is
achieved by changing the internal
diameter of the gravity disc.
• The purification starts when oil enters into
the oil inlet and is introduced into the disc
stacks via the distributor.
• Then, the separated water and sludge in the
oil are forced to the periphery of the bowl.
• The purified oil then moves inside between
the discs and is discharged from the light
liquid impeller, and at the same time, the
separated water passing outside of the top
disc overflows from the gravity disc it is
discharged from the heavy liquid impeller.
• Sludge and separated water are then
discharged from the outlet to complete the
cycle
Clarifier
• Similar to the purifier, clarifier also uses
centrifugal separation to remove
impurities on the oil, however, it does not
require sealing water on the system to
separate the oil from the impurities.
• Note that a clarifier’s objective only is to
separate the finer solids in the oil, but,
during the process, solid particles and
small mixtures of water are still extracted
in the clarifier.
• The accumulation of the impurities in the
periphery of the bowl are later discharge
either manually or automatically.
PURIFIER or CLARIFIER?
Why do we purify
different oils on-board
ships?
• Fuels supplied to a ship must be treated on board
before use in order to remove solid as well as
liquid contaminants.
• The separation of impurities and water from fuel
oil is essential for good combustion.
• The removal of contaminating impurities from oil
(lubricating oil) will reduce engine wear and
possible breakdowns.
Inefficient separation of Oil and impurities
in the Separator might lead to…
Water
mixture in
the Fuel
CORROSION
Microbial
Manifestation and
Excessive Sludge
Formation
Cavitation and
Abrasion
Pollution

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