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    The Microscope

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    Racquel Supsup
    The document discusses the history and development of the microscope and the cell theory. It describes how early microscopists like Leeuwenhoek and Hooke first observed cells but did not establish the cell theory. The cell theory was developed by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow in the 1800s. Schleiden observed that plants are made of cells, Schwann found that animals also consist of cells, and Virchow determined that all cells come from pre-existing cells. The document also outlines the parts and functions of light microscopes as well as differences between light and electron microscopes.

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    The Microscope

    Uploaded by

    Racquel Supsup
    65 views24 pages
    The document discusses the history and development of the microscope and the cell theory. It describes how early microscopists like Leeuwenhoek and Hooke first observed cells but did not establish the cell theory. The cell theory was developed by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow in the 1800s. Schleiden observed that plants are made of cells, Schwann found that animals also consist of cells, and Virchow determined that all cells come from pre-existing cells. The document also outlines the parts and functions of light microscopes as well as differences between light and electron microscopes.

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    The_Microscope

    Original Title

    The_Microscope

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    The document discusses the history and development of the microscope and the cell theory. It describes how early microscopists like Leeuwenhoek and Hooke first observed cells but did not establish the cell theory. The cell theory was developed by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow in the 1800s. Schleiden observed that plants are made of cells, Schwann found that animals also consist of cells, and Virchow determined that all cells come from pre-existing cells. The document also outlines the parts and functions of light microscopes as well as differences between light and electron microscopes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    65 views24 pages

    The Microscope

    Uploaded by

    Racquel Supsup
    The document discusses the history and development of the microscope and the cell theory. It describes how early microscopists like Leeuwenhoek and Hooke first observed cells but did not establish the cell theory. The cell theory was developed by Schleiden, Schwann, and Virchow in the 1800s. Schleiden observed that plants are made of cells, Schwann found that animals also consist of cells, and Virchow determined that all cells come from pre-existing cells. The document also outlines the parts and functions of light microscopes as well as differences between light and electron microscopes.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    of 24

    The Microscope

    Tools of the Biologist


    2. Microscope
    -before microscope, no one knew about
    microbial world
    -Leeuwenhoek perfected lenses
    -Must be carried properly at all times
    -Very expensive to replace
    -We will use light microscopes, block light
    source and image disappears
    Microscope sketch
    Important properties of
    Microscopes
    1. Magnification- the power of the
    microscope to enlarge the image of an
    object

    2. Resolution- the power of the


    microscope to show detail clearly
    Compound Light Microscope Parts
    and Function
    1. Ocular (eyepiece)- part you look through
    -contains lenses that contribute to total
    magnification
    -power of 10x (magnifies 10 times)
    Microscope Parts and Function
    2. Body tube- hollow tube that keeps the
    lenses of the ocular and objectives at a
    set distance

    3. Nosepiece- holds objectives


    Microscope Parts and Function
    4. Objectives- contain lenses that contribute
    to total magnification
    Magnification formula- calculate total
    magnification

    Total mag. = ocular power X objective power


    Total Magnification
    Ocular Objective
    10x red 4 = 40x
    10x yellow 10 = 100x
    10x blue 40 = 400x
    *microscopes we use are parfocal- can
    switch b/t lenses without much adjusting
    **only use lens paper to clean objectives
    Microscope Parts and Function
    5. Arm- supports body tube

    6. Base- supports entire microscope


    (when carrying, keep hand back on base
    because lamp will be hot!)

    7. Stage- tray-like structure that supports


    specimen/slide over stage opening
    Microscope Parts and Function
    8. Stage Clips- keep specimen/slide tight
    against stage

    9. Stage Opening- allows light to pass


    through/around specimen

    10. Diaphragm- controls amount of light that


    reaches your eye
    Microscope Parts and Function
    11. Light source- provides light to create the
    image that you see

    12. Coarse adjustment- larger knob, that


    moves 1 of 3 structures (body tube, stage,
    or nosepiece) and allows for rough focus
    Microscope Parts and Function
    13. Fine Adjustment- smaller knob, moves
    the objectives slightly and allows for fine
    focusing
    Microscope Classifications
    • Based on how image is created

    1. Light Microscope
    -uses light to create specimen image
    -lenses are glass or plastic
    -magnification and resolution are good
    (2,000x)
    Benefits of Light Microscopes
    • Smaller portable
    • Cost effective
    • Easy specimen prep (live specimens can
    be used)
    • Training simple/ user friendly
    • Can see microscopic items
    2 Types of Light Microscope
    1. Simple- Has one lens
    Ex: magnifying glass, Leeuwenhoek’s
    microscope

    2. Compound- Has 2 or more lenses


    Ex: High school Biology microscope
    (more lenses create better image and
    better resolution)
    2. Electron Microscopes
    • HANDOUT
    Contrast Light vs. Electron
    Microscopes
    • (Possible essay)
    Development of the Microscope
    HANDOUT
    The Cell Theory
    Development
    1. Leeuwenhoek- First to see living cells
    2. Hooke- coined the term cell while viewing
    cork
    3. Lamarck Put out publications that
    4. Mohl indicated the cellular nature
    5. Meyen of life (None of these men
    given credit for cell theory)
    Cell Theory Scientists
    1. Schleiden (German)
    -Botanist
    -determined that all plants and their parts
    (roots, stems, leaves, etc) are composed
    of cells– plant cell drawing
    Cell Theory Scientists
    2. Schwann (German)
    -Zoologist
    -Determined that all animals and their
    parts are composed of cells (tougher to
    convince people of this)
    Reasons for this:
    1. Rounded shape- most “cells” were
    square
    2. No cell wall
    Cell Theory Scientists
    Animal cell drawing

    Reason Schwann was successful was


    because there was a nucleus present in
    animal cell as well
    Cell Theory Scientists
    3. Virchow (German)
    -Doctor
    -determined that all cells come from pre-
    existing cells
    The Cell Theory
    1. All living things are composed of cells
    2. Cells reproduce or come from pre-
    existing cells via cell division (mitosis)
    3. Cells are the basic units of life or cells
    are the smallest form of life

    Possible essay: explain why cells are


    smallest life forms

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