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    Fungi 1

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    Natalija
    Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that were historically classified as plants but have since been separated due to key structural differences. Fungi come in a wide range of sizes, and the visible part is usually the fruiting body. They have branching filaments called hyphae that form a network called the mycelium. Hyphae can be septate or coenocytic. Fungi reproduce through spores formed in fruiting bodies.

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    Fungi 1

    Uploaded by

    Natalija
    61 views11 pages
    Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that were historically classified as plants but have since been separated due to key structural differences. Fungi come in a wide range of sizes, and the visible part is usually the fruiting body. They have branching filaments called hyphae that form a network called the mycelium. Hyphae can be septate or coenocytic. Fungi reproduce through spores formed in fruiting bodies.

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    FUNGI-1

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    Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that were historically classified as plants but have since been separated due to key structural differences. Fungi come in a wide range of sizes, and the visible part is usually the fruiting body. They have branching filaments called hyphae that form a network called the mycelium. Hyphae can be septate or coenocytic. Fungi reproduce through spores formed in fruiting bodies.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    61 views11 pages

    Fungi 1

    Uploaded by

    Natalija
    Fungi are eukaryotic organisms that were historically classified as plants but have since been separated due to key structural differences. Fungi come in a wide range of sizes, and the visible part is usually the fruiting body. They have branching filaments called hyphae that form a network called the mycelium. Hyphae can be septate or coenocytic. Fungi reproduce through spores formed in fruiting bodies.

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    of 11

    FUNGUS

    ORGANISM

    FUNGI
    Body structure, Definition, Types & Facts
    Definition

    » Fungi are eukaryotic organisms; i.e., their cells


    contain membrane-bound organelles and
    clearly defined nuclei. Historically, fungi were
    included in the plant kingdom; however,
    because fungi lack chlorophyll and are
    distinguished by unique structural and
    physiological features (i.e., components of the 
    cell wall and cell membrane), they have been
    separated from plants.

    BEST FOR You 2


    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
    FORM AND FUNCTION OF FUNGI

    Size range
    » The mushrooms, because of their size, are easily
    seen in fields and forests and consequently were
    the only fungi known before the invention of the 
    microscope in the 17th century. The microscope
    made it possible to recognize and identify the
    great variety of fungal species living on dead or
    live organic matter. The part of a fungus that is
    generally visible is the fruiting body, or 
    sporophore. Some mushrooms reach a diameter
    of 20 to 25 cm (8 to 10 inches) and a height of 25
    Bracket fungi, which grow on tree trunks, are
    to 30 cm (10 to 12 inches). Bracket, or shelf, fungi among some of the largest fungi. Some species
    can reach 40 cm (16 inches) or more in diameter. may reach 40 cm (16 inches) in diameter.

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    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
    IMPORTANCE OF FUNGI

    » Humans have been indirectly aware of fungi since


    the first loaf of leavened bread was baked and the
    first tub of grape must was turned into wine.
    Ancient peoples were familiar with the ravages of
    fungi in agriculture but attributed these diseases
    to the wrath of the gods. The Romans designated
    a particular deity, Robigus, as the god of rust and,
    in an effort to appease him, organized an annual
    festival, the Robigalia, in his honour.

    BEST FOR You 4


    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
    Mushrooms

    While mushrooms and toadstools (poisonous mushrooms) are


    by no means the most numerous or economically significant
    fungi, they are the most easily recognized. The Latin word for 
    mushroom, fungus (plural fungi), has come to stand for the
    whole group. Similarly, the study of fungi is known as 
    mycology—a broad application of the Greek word for
    mushroom, mykēs. Fungi other than mushrooms are
    sometimes collectively called molds, although this term is
    better restricted to fungi of the sort represented by 
    bread mold. (For information about slime molds, which exhibit
    features of both the animal and the fungal worlds, see protist.)
    porcini mushroom
    Edible porcini mushrooms (Boletus edulis).
    Porcini mushrooms are widely distributed in the
    Northern Hemisphere and form symbiotic
    associations with a number of tree species.

    BEST FOR You 5


    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
    Basic Morphology

    A typical fungus consists of a mass of branched, tubular filaments


    enclosed by a rigid cell wall. The filaments, called hyphae (singular
    hypha), branch repeatedly into a complicated, radially expanding
    network called the mycelium, which makes up the thallus, or
    undifferentiated body, of the typical fungus. The mycelium grows by
    utilizing nutrients from the environment and, upon reaching a certain
    stage of maturity, forms—either directly or in special fruiting bodies—
    reproductive cells called spores.

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    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
    Structure of the thallus

    In almost all fungi the hyphae that make up


    the thallus have cell walls. (The thalli of the
    true slime molds lack cell walls and, for this
    and other reasons, are classified as protists
    rather than fungi.) A hypha is a multibranched
    tubular cell filled with cytoplasm.

    BEST FOR You 7


    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
    Structure of the thallus

    The tube itself may be either continuous throughout or


    divided into compartments, or cells, by cross walls called septa
    (singular septum). In nonseptate (i.e., coenocytic) hyphae the
    nuclei are scattered throughout the cytoplasm. In septate
    hyphae each cell may contain one to many nuclei, depending on
    the type of fungus or the stage of hyphal development.

    BEST FOR You 8


    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
    Structure of the thallus

    The cells of fungi are similar in structure to those of many


    other organisms. The minute nucleus, readily seen only in
    young portions of the hypha, is surrounded by a double
    membrane and typically contains one nucleolus. In addition to
    the nucleus, various organelles—such as the 
    endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, and
    liposomes—are scattered throughout the cytoplasm.

    BEST FOR You 9


    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
    Basic structure of fungis
    Hyphae, Mycelium and Fruiting body
    Hyphae are long thread like structures which form the fungal
    body. They consist of tubular cell wall made of chitin. They
    contain cytoplasm and nuclei. Hyphae are divided into cells with
    internal cross-walls called ‘septa’. These septa have perforated
    pores to allow the movement of cytoplasm, ribosomes, and
    mitochondria.
    Cluster of hyphae interconnect and bundle up into a mycelium.
    Growth always occurs in the tip of the mycelium so it continues to
    grow until they cover the food source completely. They also
    absorb the nutrients and produce fruiting bodies.
    » Fruiting body produces spores which are involved in fungal
    reproduction. They are produced on the surface of the food
    source which allows the spores to be easily carried by wind,
    water, etc. Fruiting body is the only part of fungus that is
    visible to naked eye. Excellent examples of fruiting body are
    mushrooms, which is the part of fungus that produces spores.

    BEST FOR You 10


    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y
    Thank you for your time everyone and
    have a good one

    Made by:
    Petar Bozinoski
    Eva Bimbiloska
    Natalija Tockova
    BEST FOR You 11
    O R G A N I C S C O M PA N Y

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