Understanding Culture, Society and

Politics
Lesson 1: Starting point for the Understanding of Culture,
Society and Politics

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 ECONOMICS
Echo No Mix
HISTORY
He’s Two Rhie
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 PHILOSOPHY
Plaw Saw P
PSYCHOLOGY
Phro
Say Mow
Cow Luge
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 GEOGRAPHY
Jug Raffy
POLITICAL SCIENCE
Paul Lee Tea Call Saiyans
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 SOCIO-ANTHRO
Saw Shaw – Ant Raw

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 Objectives:
identify the meaning and nature of human cultural
variation, social differences and political identities to the
Philippine context;
discuss the difference and attributes of human cultural
variations, social differences and political identities; and
illustrate and observe the relationships of human cultural
variation, social differences and political identities in
shaping the Filipino culture.

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 Let’s Start !

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No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
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No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
 THE GREAT CULTURAL DIVIDE
For all the diversity in the Philippines, there is in the Philippine society what
one culture anthropologist has called “the Great Cultural Divide”. As one would
expect, and as one finds in parts of Asia, there is a separation between rural and
urban populations. These are seen culturally, economically and educationally –
even linguistically. But the colonial past of the Philippines has resulted in a chasm
between the majority of the population and in a minority elite that controls the
mechanisms of power.
As Filipinos struggle to regain a sense of self-identity, some believe that the
answers are found not on the Western side of the divide but on the indigenous
side. But this creates problems for those educated in Western ways of thinking. To
them, the majority, the rural-based population, although seemingly quaint, are
provincial, superstitious and somewhat backward.
The creation of the “nation” of the Philippines is the result of efforts by
Filipinos whose education and political thinking was influenced by Western rather
than indigenous movements. Thus, their

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 culture, although maintaining many elements of local practices, tended to be more
Western than Filipino.. As a result of their education, these Filipinos were able to
get higher paying jobs in urban areas, primarily Manila. English rather than
Filipino was the language of choice. The structures created by these Filipinos
resulted in a system in which the only perceived hope of upward mobility is
through education, which is usually acquired in English. A survey in the late
1960’s found the following reasons for preferring English to Filipino: to be more
proficient in conversation; to demonstrate that one is educated; to get better job;
to be able to travel; and to maintain dignity and self-respect.
Since the EDSA Revolution, there has been a move toward using the Filipino
language rather than in English. With national pride and a sense of identity behind
the move, the reality of seeking employment either at home with multinationals or
abroad in countries that use English has created a dilemma for many.

SEATWORK #1: State your opinion on the topic

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No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
 Understanding Culture, Society and
Politics
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Code: UCSP11/12SPU-Ib-3

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 Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
define and explain social, cultural and political changes;
recognize common concerns or events within society on
the phenomenon of change;
explain the concept of social and cultural change and
highlight the mechanisms; and
analyze social, political and cultural change within
society.

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 Social Change is the transformation of social
institutions over the time.
Cultural Change, on the other hand, is the
transformation of culture or the way people live.

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 Communication is a vital human process.
Through communication, people exchange
information and thoughts.

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 Transnational Families
A transnational family is where one or both
parents live and work in another country while
the children remain in their country of origin.

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 Political Changes
Political Change happens when the ruler of a
country lose power when the type of governance in
the country changes. Governance is a kind of
system or ideology used to express authority in a
country. It may be a democracy, monarchy and etc.

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 Local Public Services
Local Public Services are
provided by the
government to people
living within its
jurisdiction, either
directly (through the
public sector) or by
financing the provision
of services.

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 Youth Volunteerism
Volunteerism is the use or
involvement of a
volunteer or free labor in
community services.

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 Mechanisms of Changes
- There are different mechanisms or tools
involved in social and cultural changes.
(Diffusion, Invention and Discovery)

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 Diffusion
Diffusion is the process through which the cultural
traits of one society are borrowed, transmitted
and adopted by another and considered as its
own.

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 Invention
Invention is the process where new cultural elements
are created to solve social and cultural problem.

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 Discovery
Discovery is the process where people recognize
or gain a better understanding of already
existing elements present in the environment.

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 Changes within Society

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 Key points!
Social and Cultural Change
- Communication
- Transnational Families
Political Change
- Local Public Service
- Youth Volunteerism
Mechanisms of Changes
- Diffusion
- Invention
- Discovery

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 Journal Writing
Explore and Try It!
1. How should a person react to changes within
society? Is it with acceptance or with reservation?
Explain your answer.
2. Is change constant? If yes, what makes it consistent
in society?
3. Cite three (3) societal changes. Cite one for each:
Social, Political and Cultural Changes. Identify
your positive and adverse effects.

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 Understanding Culture, Society and
Politics
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Code: UCSP11/12SPU-Ib-4 and 5

No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
 Objectives:
At the end of the lesson, you should be able to:
recognize the importance of the study of culture, society
and politics; and
identify the subjects of inquiry and goals of
anthropology, political science and sociology.

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 The Study of Culture, Society and Politics
Culture is the focus of anthropology. Society is for
sociology, while Politics is for political science.

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 The goal of having these discipline is to prepare
people for active and responsible civic engagement
through the development of critical thought. Expose to
these areas of discipline exposes its learners to the
following:
social diversity and inequality;
self-reflective knowledge and practice and;
appreciation of complexity; and
advocacy for social change and order.

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 Anthropology is the study of humans and their
society in the past and present. Dealing with what
makes us human, anthropology delves into objects
and materials we have created, our
interconnectedness and adaptability with
environment, our lifestyle, our modes of
communication and our understanding of the world
around us.

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No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
 Goals of Anthropology
 to describe and analyze the biological evolution of
mankind
 to describe and assess the cultural development of
our species
 to explain and analyze present-day human cultural
similarities and differences
 to describe and explain human biological diversity
today

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 Political Science deals with the systems of
government and the analysis of political activities
and political behavior. Primarily, it helps people
gain an understanding of “who gets what, when
they get it and how they get it”.

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No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
 Goals of Political Science
 for people to be immersed in current affairs
 to build an understanding of local, national and
international politics
 to assist people in learning how political activities
are organized in and out of our country
 to provide substantially critical and scientific
contribution to government and society.

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 Sociology is the study of human social relationships
and institutions. This discipline mainly focuses on
society, its functions, its members and its diversity.

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No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone
 Goals of Sociology
 to guide in understanding intrapersonal factors
 to build a better understanding of mankind
 to aid in decision-making in the micro and macro
level
 to gather systematic information from which to
make a decision, provide insights into what is
going on in a situation and present alternatives

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 Key points!
Anthropology studies human and
their society in the past and
present.
Political Science deals with the
systems of government and the
analysis of political activity
and political behavior.
Sociology is the study of human
social relationships and
institutions.

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 Journal Writing
Explore and Try It!
1. Why is it important for the study of culture, society
and politics to be included in the school
curriculum?
2. Which among the three (3) Soc. Sci. disciplines is
most relevant in your life?
3. Cite three (3) practical situations where knowledge
of anthropology, political science and sociology can
be applied.

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No part of this material may be copied or reproduced in whatever form without the express written permission of Mr. Michael T. Ardizone