Daoic Religions:: Confucianism

DAOIC RELIGIONS:
CONFUCIANISM
IN THIS LESSON....
• Identify the five basic relationships (king to
subject, father to son, husband to wife,
elder brother to younger brother and friend
to friend).
• Give examples of acts showing filial piety
in the family, community and society.
• Explain: The core teaching of Confucianism
is to be a “gentleman” by following the
moral way consisting of the virtues of love,
righteousness, wisdom, propriety and
loyalty in order to promote harmony in
society
INTRODUCTION
• In the midst of chaotic periods in
China, namely the Spring and
Autumn period as well as the
Warring States period, several
schools of thought were born. This
is known as the hundred schools of
thought, which was characterized
by the struggle to impose social
order in China through
philosophical teachings of great
Chinese thinkers.
INTRODUCTION
• Four of the most influential
schools of thought which
flourished in China during this
period were Confucianism,
Daoism, Mohism, and Legalism.
These schools of thought,
together with elements of
Mahayana Buddhism and new
religious movements such as Cao
Dai, Chen Dao, and Falun Gong,
all make up the Daoic religions.
INTRODUCTION
• These religions are centered on the
Chinese philosophy of Dao (or ‘The
Way”) which refers to the moral
order that permeates the universe
or the force behind the natural
order.
• Dao is immanent and it pervades
the natural world, the “mother of
the universe” which constantly
nurtures nature. One’s goal
therefore is to live in harmony with
the Dao.
CONFUCIANISM
• There has always been a debate
whether Confucianism should be
regarded as a religion or a
philosophy.
• Those who argue that
Confucianism is a philosophy
assert that when Kung Fuzi
founded Confucianism, he never
meant to establish a new religion;
he merely wanted to interpret and
revive the ancient religion of Zhou
dynasty.
CONFUCIANISM
• There has always been a debate
whether Confucianism should be
regarded as a religion or a
philosophy.
• Those who argue that
Confucianism is a philosophy
assert that when Kung Fuzi
founded Confucianism, he never
meant to establish a new religion;
he merely wanted to interpret and
revive the ancient religion of Zhou
dynasty.
CONFUCIANISM
• Confucianism is
considered a religion
because its ideals were
inspirational, not in the
supernatural sense but in
the sense of aiming or
excellence in one’s
relationships with others.
CONFUCIANISM
• Confucianism is the ethical
system of Confucius,
emphasizing moral order, the
humanity and virtue of
China's ancient rulers, and
gentlemanly education. And
one large aspect of this
system is a plan for right
living This plan lays out a
structured society based on
five human relationships.
CONFUCIANISM
CONFUCIANISM
• Confucius, also known as Kong Qiu
or K’ung Fu-tzu, was a Chinese
philosopher, teacher and political
figure. His teachings, preserved in
the Analects, focused on creating
ethical models of family and public
interaction and setting educational
standards. After his death,
Confucius became the official
imperial philosophy of China, which
was extremely influential during
the Han, Tang and Song dynasties.
CONFUCIANISM
• THE FIVE HUMAN RELATIONSHIPS
1. Father to Son also known as filial piety
• This relationship is by far the core of the

five. This relationship is justified by the
superior being taking responsibility for the
son with their superior collection of
knowledge and wisdom. In this relationship
the son must be completely obedient and
respectful to his father.
CONFUCIANISM
2. Elder Brother to Younger Brother also known as
fraternal piety
• The younger brother is to be obedient and respectful
to his older brother. The older brother takes much of
the same responsibilities as the father as he strives to
teach younger brother in the same ways his father has
taught him, while maintaining a good example. The
younger brother must do nothing to bring shame to
his family.
CONFUCIANISM
3. Husband to wife also know as

matrimonial piety
• The wife has the responsibility of not
bringing shame to the family similarly to the
role of the younger brother. The husband on
the other hand has the duty to honor his wife
as he instructs her. The husband must also
provide a living for his family.
CONFUCIANISM
3. Emperor to subject also known as civic piety

• The Emperor gains his power through heredity and
military victory, but can only maintain that power as
long as he is fulfilling the Will of Heaven, bringing
prosperity, safety, and cultural excellence to his realm.
• The last of the five relationships differs from the first
in which it is a mutual relationship as opposed to a
relationship between a superior and a inferior.
CONFUCIANISM
5. Friend to Friend also known as mutual piety
• The relationship of friends is a mutual respect, one
which one becomes worthy of by being worthy of
learning the Classics and showing the incorporation of
Confucian ideals through their thought and actions
CONFUCIANISM
• SYMBOLS
• Two symbols which are important to Confucianism are
the symbols for scholar and water.
The scholar, as represented by the Chinese symbol (the
ru), is an important symbol in Confucianism. It contains
the symbol of a person, as well as the character for need
or desire. The foremost need of people is nourishment,
then education. When combined, it means “the need of a
human being.”
CONFUCIANISM
• SYMBOLS
Water is one of the five important
elements in Chinese philosophy,
alongside wood, fire, earth, and metal.
Water is considered as the source of life,
valued for its significance in the natural
world and for sustaining life.
CONFUCIANISM
• SACRED SCRIPTURES
The Five Classics are a group of books which was
regarded as early Confucianism’s basic texts. This
includes the
1. Book of Changes, the Book of History,
2. the Book of Poetry,
3. the Classic of Rites,
4. the Spring
5. and Autumn Annals.
(The Analects )

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DAOIC RELIGIONS:

1. Father to Son also known as filial piety

• This relationship is by far the core of the

3. Husband to wife also know as

3. Emperor to subject also known as civic piety

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