Modelling of Temperature Distribution in Rigid Pavements

Under Different Climatic Conditions

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Proposed by
Nithin K S, Asst., Professor, BIET, DVG., Reg. ID: 102020CFROL002557

INTRODUCTION
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• The concrete pavements are now a day's becoming more popular in India. The largest advantage of using rigid
pavement is its durability and ability to hold a shape against traffic and difficult environmental conditions.
• Concrete pavements are subjected to loads in the form of traffic and temperature, and the stresses generated
due to them are important for design of the same. The stresses arising due to temperature has the same
importance as that of a heavy load.
• IRC: 58-2011 is used for designing pavements of Pavement Quality Concrete (PQC). To evaluate temperature
stresses IRC: 58- 2002 and 2011 suggest temperature differential values for different zones. When specific
locations within a zone are considered the values seem to be unrealistic.
• And also it assumes that there is a linear temperature variation to identify nature of stress but practically non –
linear temperature variation is observed.
• Hence Stress analysis of concrete pavements requires information about variation of temperature with depth.
• Therefore this project proposes to develop a climatic model data by considering various factors which
influences the thermal properties of rigid pavement.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Title Author Year Methodology Outcomes
Influence of environmental Kumar, K S Suresh, 2013 The study is on High Performance Cement The temperature differential obtained by using the
factors on temperature Amarnath M S, Concrete Pavements (HPCCPs), an developed temperature differential prediction
differential in high Avinash G B. approach is made in this paper to model in this study for CC pavement slab is found
performance cement determine the realistic temperature to be 38% lesser than that suggested in IRC: 58-
concrete pavements. differential in High Volume Fly Ash 2002 and 2011 for the same region.
Concrete (HVFAC). 

Characterization of the Kristina 2021 Reviewed proper characterisation of The main finding from the study is that the more
climatic temperature Bayraktarova, climatic boundary conditions by detailed the characterization of climatic boundary
variations in the design of Lukas developing temperature prediction model conditions is, more accurate will be prediction of
rigid Pavements. Eberhardsteiner, and their impact on the design results. stresses.
David Zhou.

Influence of Types of Tarun R. Naik, 2011 The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) • The study revealed a noticeable variation in
Coarse Aggregates on the Rakesh Kumar. was determined for a typical concrete- the values of the CTE of concrete with
Coefficient of Thermal paving mixture made with six different different types of aggregates.
Expansion types of coarse aggregates belonging to • Concrete with quartzite aggregate had the
of Concrete. the basic class of glacial gravel, quartzite, highest value of the CTE followed by dolomite,
granite, diabase, basalt, and dolomite. glacial gravel, granite, and diabase or basalt.
Temperature variation and Sarah Mariam 2020 Temperature profile and corresponding • The total temperature stresses were lower for
stresses in unreinforced Abraham, G.D.R.N. stresses in concrete pavement were RAP inclusive prototypes.
concrete pavement Ransinchung. investigated on prototype scale. Four • Stresses with linear temperature profile
containing RAP. prototypes were considered, conventional assumption over or under-estimated and
and 25%, 50% and 75% of fine-Reclaimed failed to identify the nature of the stress due
Asphalt Pavement (RAP) inclusive to actual temperature profile.
concrete mixes.
RESEARCH GAP
Based on the literature review:
• The temperature prediction models that has been developed till now have not considered the
effect of thermal properties of road materials.
• Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete composed of different types of aggregates have not
been used in temperature prediction models as an input.
• Coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete made of Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement aggregates
(RAP) can be detected and used in temperature prediction model.
• The prediction models have been validated in same region where they have been developed,
validation at different parts of the country is required.
• Finite Element Analysis of Pavement Quality Concrete(PQC) with different materialistic properties
and combined stress is need to be done.
OBJECTIVES
The primary objective of the proposed research is to:
• Develop and validate a climatic model data from the values of solar radiation, wind velocity,
rainfall and thermal properties of road materials.
Specific objectives are to:
• study coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete made with different types of coarse
aggregates belonging to the basic class of gravel, quartzite, granite, basalt, sand stone etc.,
• study coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete composed of RAP.
• develop temperature differential prediction models and design charts for evaluation of
temperature stresses in PQC of variable thickness using solar radiation, wind velocity, rainfall,
modulus of elasticity and coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete values as an input.
• validate developed climatic model in different parts of the Karnataka state.
• analyze the stress development pattern due to both axle load and temperature variations in
concrete pavement using finite element approach and compare it with stress charts
developed.
METHODOLOGY
The following methodology is proposed:
• Different types of coarse aggregates and RAP is procured from different parts.
• Mix design of concrete composed of different types of coarse aggregates and RAP is done.
• Coefficient of thermal expansion and strength properties of concrete is determined.
• Effect of temperature differential at critical sections like interior, edge and corner regions of
pavement slab is determined.
• Temperature differential prediction model is developed using solar radiation, wind velocity,
rainfall, modulus of elasticity and coefficient of thermal expansion of concrete values as an
input.
• Prediction model is validated from field data from different parts of the Karnataka state.
• Stress charts for different axle loads is developed using actual climatic data and compared with
stress charts available in IRC: 58 – 2011.
• Stress development pattern due to both axle load and temperature variations in concrete pavement is
analyzed using finite element approach and compare it with stress charts developed.
REFERENCES
• American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), “Standard Method of Test for Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Concrete,” T 336-11, Washington, DC, 2011.
• American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide: A
Manual of Practice, Interim Edition, Washington, DC, 2008, p. 120.
• American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO), “Standard Method of Test for Coefficient of
Thermal Expansion of Hydraulic Cement Concrete,” TP 60-00, Washington, DC, 2005.
• Coefficient of Thermal Expansion in Concrete Pavement Design, The Advanced Concrete Pavement Technology (ACPT).
• Tanesi J, Crawford GL, Nicolaescu M, Meininger R, Gudimettla JM. New AASHTO T336-09 Coefficient of Thermal Expansion Test
Method: How Will It Affect You? Transportation Research Record. 2010;2164(1):52-57. doi: https://10.3141/2164-07.
• Kristina Bayraktarova, Lukas Eberhardsteiner, David Zhou & Ronald Blab (2021) Characterisation of the climatic temperature
variations in the design of rigid pavements, International Journal of Pavement Engineering, DOI: 
10.1080/10298436.2021.1887486.
• Sarah Mariam Abraham, G.D.R.N. Ransinchung, Temperature variation and stresses in unreinforced concrete pavement
containing RAP, Construction and Building Materials, Volume 263, 2020, 120506, ISSN 0950-0618, https
://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2020.120506.
• Solaimanian, M., and Kennedy, T., 1993. Predicting maximum pavement surface temperature using maximum air temperature
and hourly solar radiation. Transportation Research Record, 1417, 1–11.
• Tarun R. Naik, Rakesh Kuma, Influence of Types of Coarse Aggregates on the Coefficient of Thermal Expansion of Concrete |
Journal of Mat https://ascelibrary.org/doi/pdf/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000198.
• Yu, H.T., Khazanovich, L., Darter, M.I., and Ardani, A., 1998. Analysis of concrete pavement responses to temperature and wheel
loads measured from instrumented slabs. Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board, 1639
(6), 94–101.14 K. BAYRAKTAROVA ET AL.