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    Forming Ions

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    Samantha Shane P. Conum
    Valence electrons are electrons that are lost or gained when elements combine. Metals will lose valence electrons to become positively charged cations, while nonmetals will gain valence electrons to become negatively charged anions. Dot diagrams represent the valence electrons of an element and show how they are lost or gained to form ions.

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    Forming Ions

    Uploaded by

    Samantha Shane P. Conum
    39 views22 pages
    Valence electrons are electrons that are lost or gained when elements combine. Metals will lose valence electrons to become positively charged cations, while nonmetals will gain valence electrons to become negatively charged anions. Dot diagrams represent the valence electrons of an element and show how they are lost or gained to form ions.

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    Valence electrons are electrons that are lost or gained when elements combine. Metals will lose valence electrons to become positively charged cations, while nonmetals will gain valence electrons to become negatively charged anions. Dot diagrams represent the valence electrons of an element and show how they are lost or gained to form ions.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    39 views22 pages

    Forming Ions

    Uploaded by

    Samantha Shane P. Conum
    Valence electrons are electrons that are lost or gained when elements combine. Metals will lose valence electrons to become positively charged cations, while nonmetals will gain valence electrons to become negatively charged anions. Dot diagrams represent the valence electrons of an element and show how they are lost or gained to form ions.

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    © All Rights Reserved
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    You are on page 1of 22

    Valence electrons

    Valence electrons
    are those electrons
    that are lost or
    gained when
    elements combine.
    Nonmetals will gain electrons when
    forming compounds. They become
    negatively charged because there will be
    more electrons than protons. A
    negative ion will be formed.
    17P = +17
    Cl ¯ 17P
    18N
    2 8 7 18E= -18

    ionic charge: 1E= -1


    Metals will lose electrons when
    forming compounds. They become
    positively charged because there
    will be more protons than
    electrons. A positive ion is formed.

    Na⁺ 11P 2 8 1
    12N 11P = +11
    10E = -10
    ionic charge: 1P = +1
    Sodium loses one electron. Sodium now
    has 11 protons and 10 electrons, (+1).
    Chlorine gains one electron. Chlorine
    now has 17 protons and 18 electrons, (-1).
     Metals will lose 1, 2, or 3 electrons
    in the last energy level to other
    elements. This will leave the last
    shell complete.

     Nonmetals will gain 1, 2, or 3


    electrons onto their outside
    energy level from other
    elements. This will
    complete the last shell.
    • Valence electrons are electrons
    that are lost or gained when
    elements combine.

    • Ions are elements that lose or


    gain an electron. They then
    become electrically charged,
    therefore electrically attractive
    and open for bonding!
    Elements in Group 1 will lose 1
    electrons and become positive (+1) ions.
    Elements in Group 2 will lose 2
    electrons and become positive (+2) ions.
    Elements in Group 13 will lose 3
    electrons and become positive (+3) ions.
    Elements in Group 14 can either lose
    or gain 4 electrons, either (+/-4) ions.
    CARBON C±4
    NEUTRAL ATOM
    6P = +6
    6P
    6N
    2 4
    C 6E = -6
    0=0
    POSITIVE ATOM
    6P
    6N
    2
    C⁺ 4 6P = +6
    2E = -2
    4P = ATOM
    NEGATIVE +4
    6P
    6N
    2 8 C⁻ 4
    6P = +6
    10E = -10
    •Elements in Group 15 will gain 3
    electrons and become negative (-3)
    ions.
    •Elements in Group 16 will gain 2
    electrons and become negative (-2)
    ions.
    •Elements in Group 17 will gain 1
    electron and become negative (-1) ions.
    Bohr Model
    Bohr models show every
    electrons on each energy
    level of an atom.
    DOT DIAGRAMS
    Dot diagrams show the electrons on the
    last energy level of an atom.
    Metals will have 1, 2, 3, or 4 electrons.
    Ex: Sodium
    11P 2 8 1 Bohr Model
    12N

    To write the Dot Diagram for this


    element you would write
    Na .
    In nonmetals, these are the electrons that
    are on the last energy level. There will be
    *4, 5, 6, 7, or 8 electrons.
    Ex: Chlorine
    17P
    18N
    2 8 7 Bohr Model

    To write the Dot Diagram for this element


    you would write . .
    : Cl :
    QUIZ
    1. Which of the following is true?
    a. Anions are positively charged ions
    b. A chloride ion is a cation
    c. Sodium ion is an anion
    d. Cations are positively charged ion
    2. Which best describes why atoms try to
    form an arrangement of eight valence
    electrons in their outer energy level?
    a.To gain electrons
    b.To lose electrons
    c.To form ions
    d.To acquire the stable electron structure of
    a noble gas
    3. Which of the following is true?
    a.Anions are positively charged ions
    b.A chloride ion is a cation
    c.Sodium ion is an anion
    d.Cations are positively charged ions
    4. Which metals are the most reactive?
    a.Metals in groups 1 and 3
    b.Metals in groups 1 and 2
    c.Metals in groups 2 and 13
    d.Metals are not reactive
    5. Dot diagrams show the electrons
    on the last energy level of an atom.
    True or False?

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