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Presentation On Formal & Informal Communication

The document discusses formal and informal communication in organizations. [1] Formal communication follows official channels like reports, memos, emails to clients, and is upward, downward, horizontal, or crosswise. [2] Informal communication spreads freely without set channels, like personal conversations and body language. [3] Both have advantages like speed but formal is more efficient while informal can spread rumors.

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Hassan Raza
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3K views

Presentation On Formal & Informal Communication

The document discusses formal and informal communication in organizations. [1] Formal communication follows official channels like reports, memos, emails to clients, and is upward, downward, horizontal, or crosswise. [2] Informal communication spreads freely without set channels, like personal conversations and body language. [3] Both have advantages like speed but formal is more efficient while informal can spread rumors.

Uploaded by

Hassan Raza
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Formal & Informal Communication

Presented by

M. TAYYAB YAQUB
21107004-003
KHALID MAHMOOD
21107004-004
Presented to MS Electrical Engineering
Sir Ayyaz Qaiser

UNIVERSITY OF SIALKOT
Introduction
Communication plays a key role in our life, as people interchange
their views and thoughts by communicating. It is a core tool that
plays a key role even in the growth of the organization.

Channels of Communication
In an Organization, there are two channels of communication

Formal Communication

Informal Communication
FORMAL
COMMUNICATION
What is Formal Communication
Formal communication is defined as the communication in which the
information is reached through proper channels or routes.
It is also called official communication.

Examples
Reports Email to Clients
Memos Annual Meetings
Work command Publications
Requests Conference
Social Office Orders
Types of Formal Communication

There are 4 types of Formal Communication

Upward or Bottom-up

Downward or Top-down

Horizontal or Lateral

Cross wise and Diagonal


Upward or Bottom-up
Communication

The communication in which the


flow of information goes from
subordinate to superior authority.
Downward or Top-Down
Communication

The communication in which the


flow of information goes from
superior to subordinate.
Horizontal or Lateral
Communication

The communication between two employees of different


departments working at the same level.
Crosswise or Diagonal
Communication

The communication between the


employees of two different
departments working at different
levels.
Advantages of
Formal Communication

Increase overall efficiency


Easy communication system
Permanent record
Quick accomplishment of work
Maintenance of discipline
Ease of cooperation and coordination
Free from mistakes
Disadvantages of
Formal Communication

Wastage of time
Inflexibility
Lack of initiative
Authoritarian attitude
Lack of cordiality
Costly
INFORMAL
COMMUNICATION
What is Informal Communication
Informal communication is multidimensional, it flows freely in the
organization without any boundary of predefined channels or
routes. It is comparatively very quick and relational.

Examples
Personal conversation
Unofficial discussion
Facial expression
Body movement,
Silence, etc.
Types of Informal Communication

There are 4 types of Informal Communication

Single Strand Chain:

Gossip Chain

Probability Chain:

Cross wise and Diagonal


Single Strand Chain

In this type of grapevine communication the information passes


through a number of persons like a chain.
A tells something to B, who tells it to C,
who tells it to D and so on.
Gossip Chain

In Gossip Chain one person actively


conveys information to other persons
around him. A circle or wheel-like
figure is formed in this
communication.

A is at the center and transmits


messages to ‘B’, ‘C\ ‘D\ ‘E\ ‘F, ‘G’, and
‘H’ around him/her.
Probability Chain

It is a random process in which


information may move from one
person to any other person or persons
according to law of probability
Cluster Chain

Cluster chain is mostly used


and the dominant pattern of
grapevine communication.

 In this type one person tells


something to some selected
trust worthy persons
Advantages of
Informal Communication

Being unofficial and personal


promotes a social relationship among the participants
Flow of information is fast and is suitable for emergencies
create an atmosphere congenial 
Sharing of information in a free atmosphere makes the picture
clear
Disadvantages of
Informal Communication

Inaccurate
emotional and full of sentiments
No one can be held responsible
Not reliable
spreads rumors and endangers
consolidation and unity

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