Scribd
Upload
84 views50 pages

Calculus 1: DERIVATIVES

The document discusses key concepts related to derivatives and tangent lines including: - A tangent line touches a graph at only one point and is parallel to the graph at that point. - The derivative of a function f(x) at a point a is defined as the limit of the average rate of change as x approaches a. - Rules for finding the derivatives of basic functions are presented, including the power rule, constant multiple rule, sum and difference rules, product rule, and quotient rule. - The chain rule for finding the derivative of a composite function is defined. - Derivatives of trigonometric functions are given. - Examples are provided to demonstrate finding derivatives using

Uploaded by

Ma Lorraine Perez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
84 views50 pages

Calculus 1: DERIVATIVES

The document discusses key concepts related to derivatives and tangent lines including: - A tangent line touches a graph at only one point and is parallel to the graph at that point. - The derivative of a function f(x) at a point a is defined as the limit of the average rate of change as x approaches a. - Rules for finding the derivatives of basic functions are presented, including the power rule, constant multiple rule, sum and difference rules, product rule, and quotient rule. - The chain rule for finding the derivative of a composite function is defined. - Derivatives of trigonometric functions are given. - Examples are provided to demonstrate finding derivatives using

Uploaded by

Ma Lorraine Perez
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 50

The Tangent Line and

the Derivatives
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=O_cwTAfjgAQ

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ynxQukKwl-Y
A tangent line is a line that
touches the circle at 1 point.
A tangent line to the function f(x) at the point x=a is a line that
just touches the graph of the function at the point in question
and is “parallel” (in some way) to the graph at that point
Definition of the Derivative

The derivative of with respect to is the


function and is defined as,
Example 1: Find the derivative of the following
function using the definition of the derivative.

𝑓 ( 𝑥 )= 2 𝑥 2 − 16 𝑥 +35

Solution:
Solution:

Domain of is all real numbers


Definition:

Let be a function defined in an open interval


containing . The derivative of the function at ,
denoted by , is defined by
Example 2:
For

Solution:
Solution:

)
Example 2:
Find an equation of the tangent line to the
parabola at the point (2,3)
Solution: compute for the slope of the tangent line
4

By point slope form :

equation of the tangent line


Theorem: If  is differentiable at  then  is continuous at .

Proof:  is continuous at  we need to show that the three


conditions hold there. That is

i.  exists

ii.   =
Proof:
By hypothesis exists . Now because the formula is
 must exists otherwise the above limit has no meaning. Hence,
condition 1 holds at

Now, consider

Because
=
Then,

= 0 )

= 0

Now by theorem stating that


= L if and only if = 0

Therefore; =
Condition 2 and 3 hold.
Definition of One-sided Derivative
If at denoted by  is defined by

If at denoted by  is defined by

 
If then is differentiable at
Determine if is differentiable at

Solution:

i.
ii. ii.
= =
= =
= =
=0 =

= is differentiable at -4
Alternate Notation

 
Theorem: The Constant Rule of Differentiation
If is a constant and if for all then

Example:

If
Theorem: The Power Rule of Differentiation
If is a positive integer and if then

If is a negative integer and if then

Example:

If

If
Theorem: The Constant Multiple Rule of Differentiation

If is a function, is a constant, and is the function defined


by then

Example:
If =
Theorem: The Sum Rule of Differentiation

If and are functions and if is the function defined


by then if and exist,

Example:
If then
Theorem: The Product Rule of Differentiation

If and are functions and if is the function defined


by then if and exist,

Example:
If ) then
)+ )
)+ )
= (18 ) + (6 )
24
Theorem: The Quotient Rule of Differentiation

If and are functions and if is the function defined


by where )

then if and exist,


Example: Find

Solution:

=
Derivatives of the Trigonometric Functions
Example: Find the derivative of the functions

1.)
Solution:
) + (3) )
=

2.)
Solution:
Theorem: The Chain Rule

If the function and the function is differentiable


at then the composite function and
Example:
Let and then

() (x) = = )

To compute for the derivatives


; hence = )
;

Therefore;

= )2x)
2x
To write the chain rule in another way
Example: Find the derivative of the functions

1.)
Solution:
=
=

2.)
Solution:

()

=
=
Example: Find the derivative of the functions

3.)
Solution:

= 4 3

= 4 3

=4 3

= 36
Example: Find the derivative of the functions

3.)

Solution:

() ()

= () (6t + 2)
2(3t + 1) ()
Example: Find the derivative of the functions

4.)
Solution:
[(]
= [ ) ( )]
= [ ))
= )
=
Assignment:

1. Prove that there is no line through the point (1,5) that is


tangent to the curve y = 4

2. Determine if

3. Find the values of a and b such that


Assignment:

7.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy