Scribd Logo
Upload

Welcome to Scribd!

  • 7 views

    Inborn Errors of Lipid Metabolism

    Uploaded by

    Walter
    The gluteal region is located posteriorly and is bounded superiorly by the iliac crest, medially by the intergluteal cleft, laterally by the greater trochanter, and inferiorly by the gluteal fold. The largest muscle in the region is the gluteus maximus, which acts to extend and laterally rotate the thigh. Several important muscles and nerves pass through the greater and lesser sciatic foramen located in the gluteal region.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Inborn Errors of Lipid Metabolism

    Uploaded by

    Walter
    7 views33 pages
    The gluteal region is located posteriorly and is bounded superiorly by the iliac crest, medially by the intergluteal cleft, laterally by the greater trochanter, and inferiorly by the gluteal fold. The largest muscle in the region is the gluteus maximus, which acts to extend and laterally rotate the thigh. Several important muscles and nerves pass through the greater and lesser sciatic foramen located in the gluteal region.

    Original Title

    INBORN ERRORS OF LIPID METABOLISM

    Copyright

    © © All Rights Reserved

    Available Formats

    PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd

    Did you find this document useful?

    Is this content inappropriate?

    The gluteal region is located posteriorly and is bounded superiorly by the iliac crest, medially by the intergluteal cleft, laterally by the greater trochanter, and inferiorly by the gluteal fold. The largest muscle in the region is the gluteus maximus, which acts to extend and laterally rotate the thigh. Several important muscles and nerves pass through the greater and lesser sciatic foramen located in the gluteal region.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    7 views33 pages

    Inborn Errors of Lipid Metabolism

    Uploaded by

    Walter
    The gluteal region is located posteriorly and is bounded superiorly by the iliac crest, medially by the intergluteal cleft, laterally by the greater trochanter, and inferiorly by the gluteal fold. The largest muscle in the region is the gluteus maximus, which acts to extend and laterally rotate the thigh. Several important muscles and nerves pass through the greater and lesser sciatic foramen located in the gluteal region.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    You are on page 1of 33

    INFERIOR EXTREMITY

    GLUTEAL REGION
    By Dr. Rachita Bhayekar
    Anatomical regions

    Gluteal region
    Thigh

    Leg

    Foot
    Compartments
    Compartmental nerve supply
    Gluteal region
    • Transitional
    between trunk &
    lower extremity.
    • Anatomically – trunk
    • Functionally - lower
    extremity
    • Includes rounded
    posterior buttocks &
    lateral hip
    Boundaries
    • Superiorly: iliac crest L4
    • Medially: intergluteal
    cleft,
    • Laterally: Greater
    trochanter
    • Inferiorly: gluteal
    fold
    • Gluteal muscles form
    prominent majority
    Skeleton
    Key muscles
    Key ligament
    Gluteus maximus
    Largest muscle responsible for the prominence of the ‘buttocks’

    Origin
    • Outer surface of ilium behind
    posterior gluteal line
    • Posterior surface of sacrum, coccyx
    and sacrotuberous ligament.

    Insertion
    • 75% of fibres into ilio-tibial
    tract – 25%(deep) into gluteal
    tuberosity
    Gluteus maximus
    Largest muscle responsible for the prominence of the ‘buttocks’

    Nerve supply - inferior gluteal nerve

    Action
    • Extensor & lateral rotator of thigh at hip
    joint.
    • Helps to maintain extension at knee
    through the ilio-tibial tract
    • Paralysis of muscle – inability to raise the
    trunk from sitting or stooping positions.
    Iliotibial tract &Tensor fascia lata
    Tensor fascia lata
    • Origin: anterior part of iliac crest, ASIS
    and notch below
    • Insertion: inserts into the
    iliotibial tract.
    • Nerve: Superior gluteal nerve
    • Action: Assists gluteus maximus in
    keeping knee in extended
    position
    Structures undercover of gluteus maximus
    • Muscles
    • Vessels
    • Nerves
    • Bones &
    Joints
    • Ligamen
    ts
    • Bursae
    Structures undercover of gluteus maximus
    Muscles
    • Gluteus Medius,
    • Gluteus Minimus,
    • Reflected Head of the Rectus Femoris,
    • Obturator Internus with 2 Gemelli,
    • Obturator Externus,
    • Pyriformis,
    • Quadratus Femoris,
    • origin of the four hamstring muscles from the ischial
    tuberosity
    • Insertion of the upper fibres of the adductor
    magnus,
    Structures undercover of gluteus maximus
    Vessels
    • superior gluteal vessels,
    • inferior gluteal vessels,
    • internal pudendal vessels,
    • ascending branch of the medial circumflex
    femoral artery,
    • trochanteric anastomoses,
    • cruciate anastomoses,
    • first perforating artery
    Structures undercover of gluteus maximus
    Nerves
    • Superior gluteal nerve (L4,L5,S1),
    • Inferior gluteus nerve (L5,S1, S2),
    • Pudendal Nerve (S2,S3,S4),
    • Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of thigh (S1,S2,S3),
    • Perforating Cutaneous Nerve (S2,S3),
    • Sciatic Nerve (L4,L5,S1,S2,S3),
    • Nerve to Quadratus Femoris (L4,L5,S1),
    • Nerve to Obturator Internus (L5,S1,S2)
    Structures undercover of gluteus maximus
    • Bones & Joints
    – Illium,
    – Ischium with the ischial tuberosity,
    – hip joint,
    – sacroilliac joint,
    – sacrum and coccyx,
    – upper end of the femur with the greater trochanter
    • Ligaments
    – Sacrotuberous,
    – Sacrospinous,
    – ischiofemoral
    Structures undercover of gluteus maximus

    Bursae
    • trochanteric bursa of the glut max,
    • bursa above the ischial tuberosity,
    • bursa between the gluteus maximus and
    the vastus lateralis
    Gluteus medius
    Posterior part covered by gluteus maximus
    Origin
    Outer surface of ilium b/w iliac crest above & posterior
    gluteal line behind and middle gluteal line below.
    Insertion
    Lateral surface of greater trochanter
    Nerve – superior gluteal nerve
    Action
    • With G minimus and tensor fascia
    lata -powerful abductor
    at hip.
    • Anterior fibres medially rotate the
    thigh
    • Walking and running

    •Holds opposite side of pelvis horizontally when foot is off


    the ground.
    Gluteus minimus
    Origin
    Outer surface of ilium b/w
    middle & inferior gluteal lines
    Insertion - Anterior surface of
    greater trochanter
    Nerve-superior gluteal nerve
    Action
    •With G minimus and tensor
    fascia lata -powerful abductor
    at hip.
    •Anterior fibres medially rotate
    the thigh
    Short Lateral Rotators of Thigh
    Short Lateral Rotators of Thigh

    Piriformis
    • Key muscle of gluteal region
    Origin
    • Pelvic surface of sacrum 2nd,3rd &
    4th pieces
    • Sacrotuberous ligament
    Insertion
    • Upper border of greater
    trochanter
    • Leaves the pelvis through greater
    sciatic foramen and separates
    gleuteal vessels and nerves to
    superior and inferior
    Nerve
    • S1 2 anterior rami
    Structures through greater sciatic foramen
    • Above piriformis-
    – superior gluteal vessels and nerves
    • Below piriformis
    – Sciatic N
    – posterior femoral cutaneous nerves
    – Inferior gluteal vessels & nerves
    – PIN structures
    • Pudendal nerve
    • Internal pudendal vessels
    • Nerve to obturator internus
    – Nerve to quadratus femoris
    Structures through lesser sciatic foramen

    – PIN structures
    • Pudendal nerve
    • Internal pudendal vessels
    • Nerve to obturator internus
    Short Lateral Rotators of Thigh
    Obturator Internus
    Origin: from pelvic surfaces of
    • Body of ischium
    • Ischial tuberosity
    • Ischio-pubic ramus
    • Obturator membrane & fascia.
    Insertion: tendon passes out of the
    pelvis through the lesser sciatic
    foramen and enters gluteal region
    >> upper border of greater
    trochanter.
    One ½ of muscle in pelvis
    other ½ in perineum
    Tendon in gluteal region
    Nerve:
    Nerve to obturator
    Short Lateral Rotators of Thigh
    Gamellus superior
    Origin-spine of ischium
    Insertion-tendon of
    OBT int
    Nerve- to OBT internus

    Gamellus inferior
    Origin-ischial tuberosity
    Insertion-tendon of OBT
    internus
    Nerve-to Quadratus
    femoris

    Quadratus femoris
    Origin-ischial tuberosity
    Insertion-quadrate tubercle
    Nerve-sacral plexus
    • Trendlenberg test??

    You might also like

    pFad - Phonifier reborn

    Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

    Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


    Alternative Proxies:

    Alternative Proxy

    pFad Proxy

    pFad v3 Proxy

    pFad v4 Proxy