Scribd
Upload
27 views

Mathppt

Physical significance of Divergence and Curl hdiek drr Dr rr ggg wertdgr seffrrf Dftrghgggtsg ttthyry5e tthutg tttf

Uploaded by

SANTOSH KUMAR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
27 views

Mathppt

Physical significance of Divergence and Curl hdiek drr Dr rr ggg wertdgr seffrrf Dftrghgggtsg ttthyry5e tthutg tttf

Uploaded by

SANTOSH KUMAR
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 20

GRADIENT, DIVERGENCE

& CURL-PHYSICAL
SIGNIFICANCE

SANTOSH KUMAR
ROLL NO-12213102
ITB(05)
Gradient is a differential
operator by means of which
we can associate a vector field
with a scalar field.
GRADIEN
T
• Let S(x, y, z) be a scalar point function depending
on the three Cartesian coordinates in space.
• Suppose ∂S/ ∂x, ∂S/ ∂y and ∂S/ ∂z be the partial
derivatives along the three perpendicular axes
respectively.
• grad S = S = i (∂S/ ∂x) + j (∂S/ ∂y) + k( ∂S/ ∂z)
where = i (∂/ ∂x) + j (∂/ ∂y) + k( ∂/ ∂z)
⦿ Gradient tells you how much
something changes as you move
from one point to another (such
as the pressure in a stream).
⦿The gradient always points in the
direction of the maximum rate of
change in a field.
⦿ Intensity of electric field E,( a vector
quantity) is the gradient of potential V(a
scalar quantity) with negative sign i.e.,

⦿ E = -grad V

⦿ The negative sign indicates that the


direction of field intensity is opposite to
the direction of increase of potential
DIVERGENCE OF
A VECTOR FIELD
The divergence of a vector
field at any point is defined as
“ the amount of flux per unit
volume diverging from that
point.”
Divergence of A =
div A =

.A

= (i (∂/ ∂x) + j (∂/ ∂y) + k( ∂/ ∂z)) .


(iAx+jAy+kAz)

= (∂Ax/ ∂x) + (∂Ay/ ∂y) + ( ∂Az/


∂z)
DIVERGENCE
PHYSICAL
SIGNIFICANCE
⚫Divergence of vector quality indicates how
much the vector quality spreads out
from the certain point.
⚫Imagine a fluid, with the vector field
representing the velocity of the fluid at each
point in space. Divergence measures the net
flow of fluid out of (i.e., diverging from) a
given point. If fluid is instead flowing into
that point, the divergence will be negative.
DIVERGENCE
PHYSICAL
⚫A pointSIGNIFICANCE
or region with positive divergence
is often referred to as a "source" (of fluid,
or whatever the field is describing), while
a point or region with negative divergence
is a "sink".
⚫If div V = 0, then the fluid entering
and leaving is the same . i.e., the fluid
is incompressible and the vector is
called Solenoidal vector
DIVERGENC
E
CURL OF A VECTOR
FIELD
CUR
Lintegral
• The maximum line of the vector
per unit area.
• Curl A = X A
• (i (∂/ ∂x) + j (∂/ ∂y) + k( ∂/ ∂z)) X
(iAx+jA
i y+kAz) k
∂/ ∂z
j Az
= ∂/ ∂x ∂/ ∂y
Ax
b
A B
a

c
D C
d
CUR
– PHYSICALLSIGNIFICANCE
• Curl of vector quality indicates that how
much the vector quality curls or twist
around.
• Example: Rotating water in a bucket has
curl. You can measure curl by putting a
piece of dust in the liquid and seeing if
it spins around its own axis.
CUR
L
EXAMPLES
 Curl of an electric field results
the rate of change of magnetic
field in perpendicular direction.
 Curl of magnetic field results the
flow of electricity.
 Curl V = 2 ω

Where V is the linear velocity and ω


isthe angular velocity of a rigid
body.
S. Nature of divergence Fluid nature
No. & curl

1 div A = 0 Incompressible

2 div A ≠ 0 Compressible

3 curl A = 0 Irrotational

4 curl A ≠ 0 Rotational

5 div A = 0 & curl = 0 Irrotational flow of incompressible fluid

6 div A ≠ 0 & curl = 0 Irrotatioal flow of compressible fluid

7 div A = 0 & curl A≠0 Rotatioal flow of incompressible fluid

8 div A ≠ 0 & curl A≠0 Rotational flow of compressible fluid

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy