LTE/NR Architecture & principles

www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2016 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

Contents

1 LTE architecture

2 LTE Physical Layer Structure

3 5G architecture

4 5G Physical Layer Structure

Huawei Confidential
LTE/GSM/UMTS architecture
• Most functions of the RNC/BSC
are deployed on the eNodeB, and
some functions are deployed on
the MME. This feature reduces
system latency and prevents
single points of failure.
• The signaling plane is separated
from the user plane, and the
proper division of labor leads to
higher work efficiency.
• The CS domain of the traditional
network is removed from the PS
domain. The all-IP networking
architecture is more flexible and
simplified.

Huawei Confidential
Functions of LTE NEs
Functions of the e-NodeB ：
 The radio resource management function ,implements radio Functions of the MME ：
bearer control,radio admission control, and connection mobility  Encryption and integrity protection of
control, and implements dynamic resource allocation non-access stratum (NAS) signaling;
(scheduling) on the UE in the uplink and downlink ；  Access stratum (AS) access layer
 Compression and encryption of IP headers of user data security control and mobility control in
streams ； idle state;
 MME selection when the UE is attached ；  Supports paging, handover, roaming,
 Implements routing for S-GW user-plane data ； and authentication ；
 performing scheduling and transmission of paging information
and broadcast information initiated by the MME ；
 Performs measurement and measurement reports related to
mobility configuration and scheduling 。
Functions of the PGW ：
 Packet data filtering; IP address
allocation for the UE; Uplink and
Functions of the SGW ： downlink charging and rate limiting.
 Packet data routing and forwarding; Mobility and handover
support; Lawful interception; charging.

Huawei Confidential
Contents

1 LTE architecture

2 LTE Physical Layer Structure

3 5G architecture

4 5G Physical Layer Structure

Huawei Confidential
 Duplex mode, frequency band, and bandwidth supported by LTE

 Three duplex modes are supported ：

 FDD,TDD &half-duplex FDD
 Supports multiple frequency bands
 FDD system from 700 MHz to2.6GHz
 TDD system ranges from 1900 MHz to 2620
MH.
 Supports multiple bandwidth configurations. ：
 1.4MHz, 3MHz, 5MHz, 10MHz, 15MHz,
20MHz

3GPP-band(nr&lte
&umts&gsm)
36.104
protocol
Huawei Confidential
TD-LTE frame structure——frequceny resource

bandwidth （ MHz ） 1.4 3 5 10 15 20

conventional carrier 72 180 300 600 900 1200

Number of
subcarriers
Multicast carrier 144 360 600 1200 1800 2400

LTE uses orthogonal subcarriers to distinguish resources in the frequency domain.

The subcarrier spacing is 15 kHz or 7.5 kHz.

conventional carrier Multicast carrier

Huawei Confidential
Radio frame structure
 Both LTE FDD and LTE TDD use the OFDM technology.
 The subcarrier spacing is f=15kHz
One radio frame, Tf = 307200Ts = 10 ms
 LTE supports two radio frame structures One slot, Tslot = 15360Ts = 0.5 ms
 Type 1, applicable to frequency division duplex FDD
 Type 2, applicable to time division duplex TDD
#0 #1 #2 #3 #18 #19
 1 radio frame = 10ms
 1 subframe= 1ms
One subframe
 1 slot = 0.5 ms
 1 radio frame = 10 subframes = 20 slots FDD radio frame structure

The number of OFDM symbols in each slot depends on the CP type.

One radio frame, Tf = 307200Ts = 10 ms

One half-frame, 153600Ts = 5 ms TDD radio frame structure DwPTS: Downlink Pilot Time Slot
GP: Guard Period
UpPTS: Uplink Pilot Time Slot

One slot,
Tslot=15360Ts 30720Ts

Subframe #0 Subframe #2 Subframe #3 Subframe #4 Subframe #5 Subframe #7 Subframe #8 Subframe #9

One subframe,
30720Ts

DwPTS GP UpPTS DwPTS GP UpPTS

Huawei Confidential
CP(cyclic prefix): Background and Principles
 Multipath latency extension
– The width extension of the received signal pulse caused by multipath is the
difference between the maximum transmission latency and the minimum
transmission latency. The latency extension varies with the environment, terrain,
and clutter, and does not have an absolute mapping relationship with the cell
radius.

 Impact
– Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI) is generated, which severely affects the
transmission quality of digital signals.
– Inter-Channel Interference (ICI) is generated. The orthogonality of the subcarriers
in the OFDM system is damaged, which affects the demodulation on the receive
side.

 Solution: CP for reduced ISI and ICI

– Guard intervals reduce ISI. A guard interval is inserted between OFDM symbols,
where the length (Tg) of the guard interval is generally greater than the maximum
latency extension over the radio channel.
– CP is inserted in the guard interval to reduce ICI. Replicating a sampling point
following each OFDM symbol to the front of the OFDM symbol. This ensures that
the number of waveform periods included in a latency copy of the OFDM symbol
is an integer in an FFT period, which guarantees subcarrier orthogonality.

CPs between OFDM symbols resolve ISI and ICI caused by multipath propagation.
Huawei Confidential
 TDD Uplink-downlink subframe configuration and special slot assignment

DL/ULSubframe Allocation Options  The LTE-TDD frame structure features uplink-downlink conversion.
 subframe for uplink-downlink conversion is called a special subframe
Subframe number
DL-UL
Switch-point
 including ： DwPTS , GP, UpPTS
Configuratio
periodicity  The uplink-downlink slot assignment and special subframe configuration need to be
n 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
planned; UpPTS mainly bear RACH and Sounding RS

0 5 ms D S U U U D S U U U Special subframe allocation options

Normal CP Extended CP
1 5 ms D S U U D D S U U D 特殊子
帧配置 UpPT
DwPTS GP DwPTS GP UpPTS
S
2 5 ms D S U D D D S U D D
0 3 10 1 3 8 1
3 10 ms D S U U U D D D D D 1 9 4 1 8 3 1

4 10 ms D S U U D D D D D D 2 10 3 1 9 2 1
3 11 2 1 10 1 1
5 10 ms D S U D D D D D D D 4 12 1 1 3 7 2
6 5 ms D S U U U D S U U D 5 3 9 2 8 2 2
D: Downlink subframe 6 9 3 2 9 1 2
U: Uplink subframe
7 10 2 2 - - -
S: Special subframe
8 11 1 2 - - -

0 Huawei Confidential
Basic Concepts of LTE Resource Blocks
 RE (Resource Element)
 Minimum granularity(element) of physical layer resources
Carrier
 Time domain ： 1 OFDM symbol ， frequency domain ： 1 subcarrier bandwidth
RE numbers RB numbers
(each OFDM ) （ each slot ）
 RB （ Resource Block ） [MHz]
 Minimum frequency domain unit of resource allocation for physical layer data
transmission 1.4 72 6
 Time domain ： 1 slot ，频域： 12 consecutive Subcarriers
 TTI
3 180 15
 Basic time-domain unit for data transmission scheduling at the physical layer1
 TTI = 1 subframe = 2 slots
 1 TTI = 14 OFDM symbols (Normal CP) 5 300 25
 1 TTI = 12 OFDMsymbols (Extended CP)
 CCE 10 600 50
 Control Channel Element
 Resource unit of the control channel 15 900 75
 1 CCE = 36 REs
 1 CCE = 9 REGs (1 REG = 4 REs)
20 1200 100

Huawei Confidential
 Contents

1 LTE architecture

2 LTE Physical Layer Structure

3 5G architecture

4 5G Physical Layer Structure

2 Huawei Confidential
 5G network architecture

3 Huawei Confidential
 3GPP R15 focuses on eMBB, and R16 meets multiple service scenarios
Satisfy eMBB Universal Demands Focus on Diversified Requirements
Peak Data User User
Experienced Peak Data
Rate Rate Experienced
Data Rate Data Rate
Area Spectrum
Traffic R15 Efficiency Area Traffic R16 Spectrum
Efficiency
Capacity Capacity

Network Network
Mobility Mobility
Energy Energy
Efficiency Efficiency

Connection Latency & Reliability Connection Latency &

Density Density Reliability

eMBB eMBB uRLLC mMTC

R15 R16
NR Framework Architecture NR Improvement • Vertical
• Waveform & Channel Coding • UL&DL Decoupling • New Multiple Access Digitalization
• Frame Structure, Numerology • CU-DU Split • eMBB Enhancement • uRLLC
• Native MIMO • Self-Backhaul • mMTC
• Flexible Duplex Others: uRLLC
Spectrum Spectrum
• 600MHz to 52.6GHz • Up to 100GHz

4 Huawei Confidential
 5G Networking Options

Option 3x Option 7x Option 4 Option 2

LTE&NR DC ● ● ●
LTE Upgrade ● ● ●
5G Core Deployment ● ● ●

Service Readiness (eMBB/uRLLC/mMTC) ● ● ●

Option3x Preferred in NSA ， Option 2 Preferred in SA

5 Huawei Confidential
 5G Networking Options

6 Huawei Confidential
 NSA Option3x Minimizes Impact on Existed LTE with Best Performance

Option 3 Option3a Option 3x

EPC EPC EPC

S1-C S1-U S1-C S1-U S1-U S1-C S1-U S1-U

LTE NR LTE NR LTE NR

LTE 5G NR LTE 5G NR LTE 5G NR

PDCP PDCP PDCP PDCP PDCP PDCP
RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC RLC
MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC MAC
PHY PHY PHY PHY PHY PHY

• Limited data peak rate • Static UP data split without RAN • Avoid impact to existed LTE for UP
• Necessary LTE expansion for status awareness data split
UP data split • Dynamic UP data split in RAN at
packet level provide better
performance

7 Huawei Confidential
 5G Spectrum defined by 3GPP(38104)
Sub6G
mmWave

NR Bandwidth Supported by 3GPP

SUL ： Supplementary Uplink Carrier , for

UL&DL decoupling

8 Huawei Confidential
 Spectrum distribution of 5G networks
Dense Urban Urban Suburban Rural

mmWave High
(TDD)
Capacity

C-Band (TDD) （ 3.3GHz —

4.9GHz ） Good Capacity

2.6GHz (T+F)

1.8GHz / 2.1GHz (FDD) Good

Coverage
1400MHz (SDL)

700MHz/800MHz/900MHz (FDD)

5G network will be multi-band network including Sub3G ， C-band and mmWave

9 Huawei Confidential
 Contents

1 LTE architecture

2 LTE Physical Layer Structure

3 5G architecture

4 5G Physical Layer Structure

0 Huawei Confidential
 Overview of NR Air Interface Resources (Time-, Frequency-, and
Space-domain Resources)
Numerology (system parameter): refers to subcarrier spacing (SCS) in New Radio (NR) and related
parameters, such as the symbol length and cyclic prefix (CP) length.
Time-domain
CP Basic scheduling unit
resources
Symbol
Slot Subframe Frame
length
1 slot = 14 symbols 1 subframe = 1 ms 1 frame = 10 ms
The SCS determines
Numerology the symbol length
One or more BWPs can be
and slot length. 1 RB = 12 subcarriers 1 RBG = 2 to 16 RBs 1 BWP = Multiple RBs/RBGs configured in one carrier.

SCS RB RBG Bandwidth part Carrier

(BWP)
Frequency-domain Data channel/control channel scheduling unit
resources
Existed in LTE
REG CCE Unchanged in NR
1 REG = 1 PRB 1 CCE = 6 REGs Existed in LTE
Modified in NR
Space-domain resources Codeword Layer Antenna port
Added in NR
QCL

NR uses orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), same as LTE does.
The main description dimensions of air interface resources are similar between LTE and NR except that BWP is added to NR in the frequency domain.

1 Huawei Confidential
 Time-domain Resources: Radio Frame, Subframe, Slot, Symbol

Radio frame Inherited from LTE and has a

fixed value of 10 ms

... Inherited from LTE and has a

Subframe Subframe Subframe
fixed value of 1 ms

Slot Slot ... Slot Minimum unit for data scheduling

Symbol Symbol Symbol .. Symbol

Basic unit for modulation
.

Sampling Sampling Sampling

point point
... point Basic time unit at the physical layer
In the time domain, slot is a basic scheduling unit for data channels. The concepts of radio frames and subframes are the
same as those in LTE.
2 Huawei Confidential
 Frame Structure: Architecture
 Frame length: 10 ms  Frame structure architecture:
 Example: SCS = 30 kHz/120 kHz
– SFN range: 0 to 1023
1 frame = 10 ms = 10 subframes = 20 slots
 Subframe length: 1 ms
– Subframe index per system frame: 0 to 9

SCS = 30 kHz
 Slot length: 14 symbols 1 subframe = 1 ms = 2 slots

Slot Configuration (NCP)

SCS 1 slot = 0.5 ms = 14
(kHz) Number of Number of Number of Slots symbols
Symbols/Slot  Slots/Subframe /Frame
1 frame = 10 ms = 10 subframes = 80 slots
15 14 1 10
30 14 2 20
60 14 4 40

SCS = 120 kHz

120 14 8 80 1 subframe = 1 ms = 8 slots
240 14 16 160
480 14 32 320

Slot Configuration (ECP) 1 slot = 0.125 ms = 14 symbols

60 12 4 40

The lengths of a radio frame and a subframe in NR are consistent with those in LTE. The number of slots in each subframe is determined by
the subcarrier width.
3 Huawei Confidential
 SCS–Background and Protocol-provided Definition
• Numerologies defined in 3GPP Release 15 (TS 38.211)
• Background with SCS identified by the parameter µ.
– Service types supported by NR: eMBB, URLLC, mMTC, etc. Parameter
SCS CP
– Frequency bands supported by NR: C-band, mmWave, etc. µ
0 15 kHz Normal
– Moving speed supported by NR: up to 500 km/h 1 30 kHz Normal
2 60 kHz Normal, extended
• Requirements for SCS vary with service types, 3 120 kHz Normal
frequency bands, and moving speeds. 4 240 kHz Normal

– URLLC service (short latency): large SCS *(LTE supports only 15 kHz SCS.)

– Low frequency band (wide coverage): small SCS • Available SCS for data channels and synchronization
channels in 3GPP Release 15
– High frequency band (large bandwidth, phase noise): large
Supported for Data
SCS Parameter Supported for Sync
SCS (PDSCH, PUSCH
µ (PSS, SSS, PBCH)
etc)
– Ultra high speed mobility: large SCS
0 15 kHz Yes Yes
• NR SCS design principle 1 30 kHz Yes Yes
– NR supports a series of SCS values ， A series of Scalable 2 60 kHz Yes No
3 120 kHz Yes Yes
SCSs are obtained by extending the expansion to the power of
4 240 kHz No Yes
2.
Based on LTE SCS of 15 kHz, a series of numerologies (mainly different SCS values) are supported to adapt to different requirements and channel characteristics.

4 Huawei Confidential
 Symbol Length–Determined by SCS

SCS = 15 kHz
 Symbol = CP + Data T_slot = 1 ms (14 symbols)
 SCS vs CP length/symbol length/slot length CP data …
– Length of OFDM symbols in data: T_data = 1/SCS
– CP length: T_cp = 144/2048 x T_data T_symbol
– Symbol length (data+CP): T_symbol = T_data +T_cp T_slot = 0.5 ms (14 symbols)
– Slot length: T_slot = 1 / 2^(µ)

SCS = 30 kHz
Parameter/Numerology (µ) 0 1 2 3 4
…
SCS (kHz):
15 30 60 120 240
SCS = 15 x 2^(µ)
T_symbol
OFDM Symbol Duration (µs):
66.67 33.33 16.67 8.33 4.17 T_slot = 0.125 ms (14 symbols)
T_data = 1/SCS
CP Duration (µs):
4.69 2.34 1.17 0.59 0.29

SCS = 120 kHz

T_cp = 144/2048 x T_data
OFDM Symbol Including CP (µs):
71.35 35.68 17.84 8.92 4.46 …
T_symbol = T_data + T_cp
Slot Length (ms):
1 0.5 0.25 0.125 0.0625
T_slot = 1/2^(µ)

T_symbol
A symbol consists of a CP and data. The length of the data is the reciprocal of SCS. The larger the SCS, the smaller the symbol length and the slot length.

5 Huawei Confidential
 SCS: Application Scenarios and Suggestions
• Impact of SCS on coverage, latency, mobility, and phase noise • Coexistence of different SCS values and FDM
– Coverage: The smaller the SCS, the longer the symbol length/CP, and the – The eMBB and URLLC data channels use different SCS
better the coverage. values and coexist through FDM.
– Mobility: The larger the SCS, the smaller the impact of Doppler shift, and
the better the performance.
– Latency: The larger the SCS, the shorter the symbol length/latency.
– Phase noise: The larger the SCS, the smaller the impact of phase noise,
and the better the performance.
• SCS application suggestions for different frequency bands
(eMBB service data channel):
SCS (kHz) 15 30 60 120 240
– The PBCH and PDSCH/PUSCH use different SCS values
good bad
Coverage and coexist through FDM.
bad good
3.5 GHz Mobility
bad good
Latency

good bad
Coverage
bad good
Mobility
28 GHz bad good
Phase Noise
bad good
Latency

It is recommended that the SCS be 30 kHz for C-band and 120 kHz for 28 GHz. Different SCS values and coexistence through FDM are supported.

6 Huawei Confidential
 Slot Format and Type  Examples of application scenarios of different slots:
 Slot structure (section 4.3.2 of 3GPP TS 38.211)
Slot Type Application Scenario Example
– Downlink, denoted as D, for downlink transmission
Case 1 DL-heavy transmission
– Flexible, denoted as X, for uplink or downlink
transmission, GP, or reserved. Case 2 UL-heavy transmission
– Uplink, denoted as U, for uplink transmission 1. Forward compatibility: Resources are reserved for future services.
Case 3 2. Adaptive adjustment of uplink and downlink resources: such as dynamic
 Main slot types TDD
– Case 1: DL-only slot Case 4-1 1. Forward compatibility: Resources are reserved for future services.
– Case 2: UL-only slot 2. Flexible data transmission start and end locations: such as unlicensed
Case 4-2 frequency bands and dynamic TDD
– Case 3: flexible-only slot
– Case 4: mixed slot (at least one downlink slot and/or one Case 4-3 Downlink self-contained transmission
uplink slot) Case 4-4 Uplink self-contained transmission
Case 4-5 Mini-slot (seven symbols) for URLLC services
D U X – One slot or subframe contains uplink part, downlink part, and GP.
Case 1: DL-only slot Case 2: UL-only slot Case 3: flexible-only slot – Downlink self-contained slot or subframe: includes downlink data and corresponding
HARQ feedback.
UL control or SRS
D X X U
Case 4-1 Case 4-2
D U
D XU DX U D XU D XU
ACK/NACK
Case 4-3 Case 4-4 Case 4-5
 Compared with LTE, NR has the following slot format – Uplink self-contained slot or subframe: includes uplink scheduling information and
features: uplink data. DL control
– Flexibility: symbol-level uplink/downlink adaptation in NR and
subframe-level in LTE D U
– Diversity: More slots are supported in the NR system to cope
with more scenarios and service types. UL grant
The number of uplink and downlink symbols in a slot can be flexibly configured. In Release 15, a mini-slot contains 2, 4, or 7 symbols for
7 data scheduling in a short latency or a high frequency band scenario. Huawei Confidential
 UL/DL Slot/Frame Configuration

 Configuration: in line with section 11.1 of 3GPP TS 38.213  Hierarchical configuration

– Layer 1: semi-static configuration through cell-specific RRC If X slots/symbols are configured at the upper layer, D or U slots/symbols
are also configured at the lower layer.
signaling
– SIB1: UL-DL-configuration-common and UL-DL-configuration-common-Set2 1. Cell-specific RRC configuration
– Period: {0.5,0.625,1,1.25,2,2.5,5,10} ms, SCS dependent
– Layer 2: semi-static configuration through UE-specific RRC D D D
X D
X D
X X D
X D
X D
X U
D
signaling 2. UE-specific RRC configuration
– Higher layer signaling: UL-DL-configuration-dedicated
– Period: {0.5,0.625,1,1.25,2,2.5,5,10} ms, SCS dependent D D D D X
D X X
D X
D U
D U
D
– Layer 3: dynamic configuration through UE-group SFI 3. SFI
– DCI format 2_0
– Period: {1,2,4,5,8,10,20} slots, SCS dependent D D D D D D D D DX U
D U
D
– Layer 4: dynamic configuration through UE-specific DCI 4. DCI
– DCI format 0, 1
 Main characteristics: hierarchical configuration or D D D D D D D D U
D U
D

separate configuration of each layer  Separate layer configuration

– Different from LTE, the NR system supports UE-specific Cell-specific RRC configuration/SFI
configuration, which delivers high flexibility.
– Support for symbol-level dynamic TDD D D D D D D D D U
D U
D

Frame configuration supports hierarchical configuration through RRC signaling and DCI to deliver symbol-level dynamic
TDD and high flexibility.
8 Huawei Confidential
 UL/DL Slot/Frame Configuration: Cell-specific Semi-static Configuration
 Cell-specific RRC signaling parameters  Single-period configuration: DDDSU
– Parameter: SIB1
X: DL/UL assignment periodicity
– UL-DL-configuration-common: {X, x1, x2, y1, y2}
– UL-DL-configuration-common-Set2: {Y, x3, x4, y3, y4}
– X/Y: assignment period D D D D U
D D D D D U
D

– {0.5, 0.625, 1, 1.25, 2, 2.5, 5, 10} ms

x1: full DL slots y1: full UL slots
– 0.625 ms is used only when the SCS is 120 kHz. 1.25 ms is used when
the SCS is 60 kHz or larger. 2.5 ms is used when the SCS is 30 kHz or y2: UL symbols
larger. x2: DL symbols frame&slot
– A single period or two periods can be configured. structure

– x1/x3: number of downlink-only slots  Dual-period configuration: DDDSU DDSUU

– {0,1,…, number of slots in the assignment period}
– y1/y3: number of uplink-only slots X: DL/UL assignment periodicity Y: DL/UL assignment periodicity
– {0,1,…, number of slots in the assignment period}
– x2/x4: number of downlink symbols following downlink-only slots D D D D U
D D D D U
D U
D
– {0,1,…,13}
– y2/y4: number of uplink symbols followed by uplink-only slots x1 y1 x3 y3
– {0,1,…,13} y2 y4
x2 x4

Cell-specific semi-persistent configuration supports limited configuration period options, and flexible static configuration of
DL/UL resources are realized through RRC signaling.
9 Huawei Confidential
 Basic Concepts of Frequency-Domain Resources
One subframe

 Resource Grid (RG)

– Physical-layer resource group, which is defined separately for ,
subframe
Nsymb OFDM symbols
the uplink and downlink (RGs are defined for each max, RB
k  NRB,
x Nsc 1
numerology).
– Frequency domain: available RB resources within the
transmission bandwidth
– Time domain: 1 subframe

subcarriers

subcarriers
RB
 Resource Block (RB)

RB N sc

RB
sc

– Basic scheduling unit for data channel resource allocation in

N
the frequency domain Resource Element
Resource element
– Frequency domain: 12 consecutive subcarriers (k , l )

Resource Block
block
Resource Grid
 Resource Element (RE)

Resource
– Minimum granularity of physical-layer resources
– Frequency domain: 1 subcarrier
– Time domain: 1 OFDM symbol

k 0
l 0 l  14  2   1

In NR, an RB corresponds to 12 subcarriers (same as LTE) in the frequency domain. The frequency-domain width is related
to SCS and is calculated using 2µ x 180 kHz.
0 Huawei Confidential
 Channel Bandwidth and Transmission Bandwidth
 Channel bandwidth
– Channel bandwidth supported by the FR1 frequency
band (450 MHz to 6000 MHz): 5 MHz (minimum),
100 MHz (maximum)
– Channel bandwidth supported by the FR2 frequency
band (24 GHz to 52 GHz): 50 MHz (minimum), 400
MHz (maximum).
 Maximum transmission bandwidth
(maximum number of available RBs) Active RBs

– Determined by the channel bandwidth and data Guard band

channel SCS.
– Defined on the gNodeB side and UE side separately.
For details about the protocol-configuration of the  Minimum guard bandwidth in various system
UE side, see the figure on the right. bandwidth configurations
 Guard bandwidth
– With F-OFDM, the guard bandwidth decreases to
about 2% in NR (corresponding to 30 kHz SCS, 100
MHz channel bandwidth).

Compared with the guard bandwidth (10%) in LTE, NR uses F-OFDM to reduce the guard bandwidth to about 2%.
1 Huawei Confidential
 Maximum Number of Available RBs and Spectrum Utilization
 Spectrum utilization = Maximum transmission bandwidth/Channel bandwidth
– Maximum transmission bandwidth on the gNodeB side: See Table 5.3.2-1 and 5.3.2-2 in 3GPP TS 38.104.
5 10 15 30 20 25 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
SCS MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz MHz
[kHz]
NRB and Spectrum Utilization (FR1:400 MHz to 6000 MHz)

25 52 79 [160] 106 133 216 270 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A
15
90% 93.6% 94.8% [96%] 95.4% 95.8% 97.2% 97.2% \ \ \ \ \
11 24 38 [78] 51 65 106 133 162 [189] 217 [245] 273
30
79.2% 86.4% 91.2% 91.8% 93.6% 95.4% 95.8% 97.2% 97.7% 98.3%
N/A 11 18 [38] 24 31 51 65 79 [93] 107 [121] 135
60
79.2% 86.4% 86.4% 893% 91.8% 93.6% 94.8% 93.6% 97.2%

50 MHz 100 MHz 200 MHz 400 MHz

SCS
NRB and Spectrum Utilization (FR2: 24
[kHz]
GHz to 52 GHz)
66 132 264 N/A
60
95% 95% 95% \
32 66 132 264
120
92.2% 95% 95% 95%

– Maximum transmission bandwidth on the UE side: See 3GPP TS 38.101-1 and TS 38.101-2.

Spectrum utilization is related to the channel bandwidth. The higher the bandwidth, the higher the spectral efficiency.
2 Huawei Confidential
 Question after course

 NR bandwidth 100Mhz, scs=60khz, how many RBS in the RG ? how calculate?

 NR bandwidth 100Mhz , scs=30khz , NR radio frame is DDDSU with single period , slot structure is SS2, Number of
scheduling times per second? And if the radio frame is double period with DDDSUDDSUU SS2, the result?

 NR bandwidth 100Mhz , scs=30khz ,NR radio frame is single period DDDDDDDSUU, slot structure is SS2, Number of
scheduling times per second? If the slot structure is SS56,what about the result ？

 NR bandwidth 20Mhz , scs=15khz , NR radio frame is DDDSU with single period , slot structure is SS2, Number of
scheduling times per second? And if the radio frame is double period with DDDSUDDSUU SS2, the result?

 THE reason for longer SCS is better for Urllc&high speed, shorter SCS for MMTC?

Extension Questions
 LTE TDD radio frame is DDDSU with single period , special subframe structure is 3:9:2, Number of scheduling times per
second ? If special subframe structure is 9:3:2, what about the result?

3 Huawei Confidential
 Thank You
www.huawei.com

Copyright © 2018 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved.

The information in this document may contain predictive statements including, without limitation, statements regarding the future financial
and operating results, future product portfolio, new technology, etc. There are a number of factors that could cause actual results and
developments to differ materially from those expressed or implied in the predictive statements. Therefore, such information is provided for
reference purpose only and constitutes neither an offer nor an acceptance. Huawei may change the information at any time without notice.