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Memories

This document summarizes different types of computer memory. It discusses read-only memory (ROM) such as mask ROM and PROM, which includes EPROM and EEPROM. It also discusses read-write memory such as static RAM (SRAM) and dynamic RAM (DRAM). SRAM can be built using D-type latches or 6-transistor CMOS cells, while DRAM uses a capacitor to store data in each memory cell. The document provides details on the operation and timing of reads and writes for SRAM and highlights that DRAM must be periodically refreshed to maintain its data.

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Ilaiyaveni Iyandurai
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92 views

Memories

This document summarizes different types of computer memory. It discusses read-only memory (ROM) such as mask ROM and PROM, which includes EPROM and EEPROM. It also discusses read-write memory such as static RAM (SRAM) and dynamic RAM (DRAM). SRAM can be built using D-type latches or 6-transistor CMOS cells, while DRAM uses a capacitor to store data in each memory cell. The document provides details on the operation and timing of reads and writes for SRAM and highlights that DRAM must be periodically refreshed to maintain its data.

Uploaded by

Ilaiyaveni Iyandurai
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MEMORIES

Presented By
Team-DFT
AGENDA
• Introduction to Memory
• Types of Memory
• Read only Memory
• Read Access Memory
SRAM
DRAM
Summary
Reference
Introduction to Memory
• Memory means for storing data or information in the form of
bits.
1) Program and Data memory
2) Main and Peripheral memory
TYPES OF MEMORY
SEMI CONDUCTOR MEMORY
CLASSIFICATION
Non-Volatile
Read-Write Memory Read-Write Read-Only Memory
Memory

Random
EPROM Mask-Programmed
Access
2
E PROM Programmable (PROM)

SRAM

DRAM
Read Only Memory
1. Non-volatile Data
2. Mask ROM
 Data written during chip fabrication
3. PROM
 EPROM: Erase data by UV rays
 EEPROM: Erase and write through electrical means
• Mask ROM
Mask ROM (MROM) is a type of read-only memory (ROM) whose
contents are programmed by the integrated circuit manufacturer (rather than by the
user). The terminology "mask" comes from integrated circuit fabrication, where
regions of the chip are masked off during the process of photolithography.

PROM:
This type of memory comes from the manufacturer without any
data stored in it. The data pattern is electrically programmed by the user.
EPROM

Floating gate Gate


D
Source Drain

tox G

tox
S
n+ p n+_
Substrate

Device cross-section Schematic symbol


EEPROM
RAM
1. Random write and read operation for any cell
2. Volatile data
3. Most of computer memory
4. DRAM
5. SRAM
Static RAM
SRAM can be built using either:
• D-type latch
• 6-transistor CMOS RAM cell
SRAM CELL
6T SRAM
READ & WRITE OPERATION
Timing diagram for Read operation
Timing diagram for Write operation
SRAM Example using MUX
D latch

Each BIT would need 16 transistors (NAND gate = 4 transistors)


DRAM
MEMORY SPEED
REFERENCES
• Ashok K Sharna, Semiconductor Memories Technology, Testing and
Reliability, Wiley 2002.
THANK YOU

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