Renaissance Era

Renaissance Period
(1485-1660)
Prepared by: Alaa Jumaa Hameed
 The Schedule Of the Presentation
 The Renaissance period: the historical background about

the era.
 The major Characteristics of the age.
 The Literature of this period(the age of queen Elizabeth
or Shakespeare ).
 Elizabethan theatre.
 The most famous Poets and Playwrights .
Historical background about the period:
 The term(Renaissance) first used by the French historian Jules Michelet which
means (rebirth) .
 It began in Italy especially in Florence and then spread to other European
Countries.
 It influenced literature,philosophy, science and technology
 This period transformed the society from the darkness to the light.
 The medici family were the major patron of the period.
 The lifestyles of women and children depended on classes.
 England was slow to participate in renaissance spirit
 Protestant reformation
 The major features of the age :
 Humanism as a philosophical movement by (Francesco Petrarch)

 Love of adventure (Columbus Voyage).
 Scientific Discovery and technology;
• Inventing of printing press by the German citizen(Johanns Gutenberg).
• The polish mathematicising (Nicolaus Copernicus) published his theory of a heliocentric
solar system.
• The Italian physicist (Galieo Galilie) improved the telescope.
• Leonardo da vinci was viewed as the ultimate renaissance man .
 The rise of Individualism .
The Literature of Elizabethan Age(Shakespeare
era)
(1580-1603)
 This period is known as the Golden era of English literature.
 England flourished politically and economically and it became the
Centre of culture and commerce.
 Regarded as the first great age of drama and the second great era of
poetry.
 Queen Elizabeth has impact on English society, she provided
opportunities for the classes to participate in all activates especially
theaters .
Elizabethan Theatre
 Drama:
 Many theatres were built in London (simply called Theatre ,followed by

others the Curtain, The rose ,The swan and the Globe (Shakespeare
theatre).
 Most plays were written in poetry.
 Before 1576 plays were acted in inn ,large houses ,etc.
 Playwrights used both types of drama(Comedy ,tragedy and history
plays).
 Many plays based on religious themes (morality and miracle play).
 The characteristic of Elizabethan theatre:
*The theatre was open ,flag would be flown from the top of the theatre and
the actors could speak directly to the audience.
*Long speeches ,Plenty of violence, and women role played by boys.
*The Elizabethan stage was (presentational theatre)
Most Famous playwrights:
William Shakespeare(1564-1616)
 He was an English playwright, poet ,actor and regarded as the greatest writer in
English language and the world of theatre.
 He wrote plays of different kinds or genre, he wrote histories, tragedies and comedies.
 He was the first person ever to write a tragic comedy.
 He wrote his plays in combination of prose and verse.
 Started to use the language derived from the need of characters and his style of writing
made his heroes talk in a natural language .
 Most common themes in his plays(Love, power ,politics, identity, revenge and fate).
 He wrote Romeo and Juliet (The first great tragedies).

 A Mid summer Nights Dreams, The Merchant of Venice, Macbeth ,Hamlet ,Othello
SHYLOCK The Merchant of Venice:
Signior Antonio, many a time and oft
In the Rialto you have rated me
About my moneys and my usances:
Still have I borne it with a patient shrug,
For sufferance is the badge of all our tribe.
You call me misbeliever, cut-throat dog,
And spit upon my Jewish gaberdine,
And all for use of that which is mine own.
Well then, it now appears you need my help:
Go to, then; you come to me, and you say
'Shylock, we would have moneys:' you say so;
You, that did void your rheum upon my beard
And foot me as you spurn a stranger cur
Over your threshold: moneys is your suit
What should I say to you? Should I not say
'Hath a dog money? is it possible
A cur can lend three thousand ducats?' Or
Shall I bend low and in a bondman's key,
With bated breath and whispering humbleness, Say this;
'Fair sir, you spit on me on Wednesday last;
You spurn'd me such a day; another time
You call'd me dog; and for these courtesies
 Christopher Marlowe:-was born 1580
 An English playwright and translator of Elizabethan era.

 The foremost tragedian of his day, his first tragedy(Tamburlaine).
 He wrote in blank verse.
 The Jew of Malta(Famous tragedy of The Rich Jew of Malta)
 Wrote an English history play (Edward The Second)
 Dr Faustus.
 John Webster:
*Regarded as on of the best and famous playwrights of the 17 th century.
*His language is poetic and metaphorical with vivid imagery.
*The character in his plays were and well developed especially female .
*His plays investigate themes of death, darkness and the negative sides of human experience.
*wrote a selection of poems

*His best two Italian tragic plays were (The white Devil, The Duchess of Malfi) which is revenge tragedy.
 Ben Jonson(1572-1673)
-Was memorable renaissance writer, library critic and poet.
-Was the pioneer of comedy of humor.
-The well known for satirical plays such as (The Alchemist , Every Man in His Humour).
-was famous for his lyric poems (Song to Celia)
* His style of writing influenced by the classical Greek and Roman work.
*Other plays(Volpone, The silent Women).
Poetry
 The most common form of poetry(Sonnet)

 Comes from Italian word((Sonetto)
 Petrarch produced a group of sonnet
 Two Types of sonnet:
 The Italian or the Petrarchan sonnet.
 The English or Shakespearian sonnet.
 Spenserian sonnet.
 Edmund Spencer and his masterpieces(The Faeri Queene)
 Metaphysical poetry.
Thanks
References:
Books:
 Keach, William., et al. Adventures in English Literature. Holt, Rinehart, And Winston,
1996.
 Robert ,Thornley , An Outline Of English Literature. Log man Group Lt 1984
 Online sources:
 Renaissance literature
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Renaissance Period

 The Renaissance period: the historical background about

 Humanism as a philosophical movement by (Francesco Petrarch)

 Many theatres were built in London (simply called Theatre ,followed by

 He wrote Romeo and Juliet (The first great tragedies).

 An English playwright and translator of Elizabethan era.

*wrote a selection of poems

 The most common form of poetry(Sonnet)

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