Fire

Protection
System
BSCE 3C
 FIRE PROTECTION
SYSTEM
Fire suppression systems are used to extinguish, control, or in some cases, entirely
prevent fires from spreading or occurring.

The aim of a fire protection system is to protect a building's occupants and minimize
the damage associated with fire.
TWO TYPES OF FIRE PROTECTION
SYSTEM
1. PASSIVE FIRE 2. ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION
PROTECTION ● Uses systems that do require a certain amount
● of motion or action to work properly
It uses systems that do not require any
motion or action in order to work.
● Active fire protection is about detecting,
● stopping and escaping fire.
Passive fire protection means containing the
fire and preventing it from spreading further.
PASSIVE FIRE PROTECTION

Passive Fire Protection is the integration of fire protection in the design

and planning stage of a building, mainly meeting in the requirements
of:
A.
COMPARTMENTATION
Fire compartmentation is the practice of dividing a
room, spaces or storeys of a building into fire resistant
compartments to delay the spread of fire from one part
of the building to another, or to an adjoining building.

1. Fire Doors - a door made of noncombustible material,

the purpose of which is to prevent a fire from spreading
within a building
B. MEANS OF ESCAPE
A means of escape is a pathway designated for people to
escape a location or building in the event of an
emergency.

1. Fire Exit - a means of exiting a building in the event

of fire
C. DEAD END LIMIT
A dead end exists if the occupant of the corridor or
passageway has only one direction to travel to reach any
of the building exits
D. TOTAL TRAVEL
DISTANCE
The maximum permitted distance that occupants are
permitted to travel from their location in a building to
the nearest exit.
E. SMOKE CONTROL
A smoke control system is a system that controls the
movement of smoke and air in a building.

1. Smoke damper - Smoke dampers operate

automatically on detection of smoke and must function
so that smoke movement through the duct is halted.
F. STRUCTURAL
INTEGRITY
It refers to the performance of material to sustain its
stability in a case of fire to prevent collapse or
disintegration.

1. Fire Walls- are fire-resistant structures usually made

of concrete, concrete blocks, or reinforced concrete
designed to restrict the spread of fire by means of
compartmentalization
ACTIVE FIRE PROTECTION

An active fire protection system is a dormant system that needs to be

activated in the case of a fire to perform its function
A. FIRE ALARM AND
DETECTION SYSTEM
It provides audible and visual signals as a result of the
operation of manual or automatic fire alarm initiating
devices.

1. Manual call Point - A manual fire call point allows

anyone to trigger the fire detection system in a building
by pressing a button or pulling a lever.
B. FIREFIGHTING
SYSTEM
A fire fighting system is an activity of prevention
during a fire spread in building, home or warehouse
with the use of proper fire safety equipment.

1. Fire Extinguisher - a portable device that discharges a

jet of water, foam, gas, or other material to extinguish a
fire.
C. FIRE SUPPRESION
SYSTEM
Fire suppression systems are used to extinguish,
control, or in some cases, entirely prevent fires from
spreading or occurring.

1. Industrial fire suppression systems- are specialized

systems designed to detect, extinguish or control fires in
industrial settings such as manufacturing plants,
warehouses, power plants, and chemical facilities.
CONSIDERATIONS FOR CHOOSING THE
RIGHT FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM
1. The size and type of building Large open spaces like warehouses provide different challenges
you are protecting. than insular rooms like those in an apartment building.
Storage of sensitive material like electronic equipment or expensive
2. The kinds of materials you antiques requires clean agent fire protection and suppression
are storing on your property. systems. Other types of materials, such as hazardous chemicals or
flammable liquids, require additional precautions as well.
3. The operation and
Will it notify authorities?
maintenance of the system.
The fire protection services and maintenance required for a
4. The Fire Protection Services
particular fire protection system relies on specific local laws and
and Maintenance requirements.
fire codes and/or National Fire Protection Agency regulations.
CLASSIFICATION OF
FIRES
In order to establish the best way to extinguish a fire, it
is important to know what type of fire it is. There are
six major classes of fire, all differentiated by what is
fueling it.
FIRE CODE OF THE PHILIPPINES

The Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) of RA 9514, commonly

referred to as the Fire Code of the Philippines, serves as the basis that
guides the Bureau of Fire Protection in enforcing the law to maintain
public safety and economic development by preventing and suppressing
all types of damaging fires
Inspections, Safety Measures, Fire Safety
Construction, and Protective and Warning
Systems
According to Section 8, owners, administrators, occupants, and all other
responsible people shall ensure their properties comply with the
following:
Inspections, Safety Measures, Fire Safety
Construction, and Protective and Warning
Systems
1. Inspection Required
- As a condition of granting permits and/or licenses by local government
units and other government agencies concerned, the Director General or
his lawfully authorized agent must conduct a fire safety inspection.

- The inspection also includes installing fire protection and fire safety
equipment and the electrical system in any building or structure.
Inspections, Safety Measures, Fire Safety
Construction, and Protective and Warning
Systems
2. Hazardous Materials
Fire safety measures are required for the manufacturing, storing,
handling, and/or usage of hazardous materials such as:

● Any cellulose nitrate plastic

● Flammable filaments
● Cellular materials like foam, rubber, sponge rubber, and plastic foam
● Flammable and combustible liquids and gases of any kind
Inspections, Safety Measures, Fire Safety
Construction, and Protective and Warning
Systems
3. Fire safety measures for hazardous operations/processes
Owners, occupants, or administrators of buildings or structures shall incorporate and
provide fire safety construction, protective, and warning systems and shall develop and
implement fire safety programs, such as the following:

● Sprinkler systems
● Firefighting equipment
● Fire detection and suppression systems
● Firewalls to separate adjacent buildings from other occupants in the same structure