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Lecture 3-1

This document discusses skin effect and formation damage in petroleum engineering. It contains a lecture on Hawkins' formula for calculating skin factor from permeability impairment profiles. The lecture includes an example problem calculating skin from an invasion profile. It also discusses non-Darcy flow and how reduced near-wellbore permeability due to damage affects it. Finally, it covers models for calculating partial penetration skin and skin factor for horizontal wells from completion parameters.

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37 views

Lecture 3-1

This document discusses skin effect and formation damage in petroleum engineering. It contains a lecture on Hawkins' formula for calculating skin factor from permeability impairment profiles. The lecture includes an example problem calculating skin from an invasion profile. It also discusses non-Darcy flow and how reduced near-wellbore permeability due to damage affects it. Finally, it covers models for calculating partial penetration skin and skin factor for horizontal wells from completion parameters.

Uploaded by

salimawahd517
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 18

‫جــــامعة حضرمـــوت‬ ‫قسم الهندسة البترولية‬ ‫كليـة الهندسـة و البترول‬

HADRAMOUT UNIVERSITY DEPARTMENT OF PETROLEUM FACULTY OF ENGINEERING


ENGINEERING & PETROLEUM

Well Stimulation PET 525


Lecture 3
Skin Effect and Formation Damage

Dr. Wahbi Abdulqader Al-Ameri


1
Hawkins’ Formula
The flow in each region is governed by the radial
flow equation:

2
Hawkins’ Formula

3
Hawkins’ Formula

4
Example
 The damage invasion and permeability profile is shown in
the following figure.

5
Example
o What is the invasion length, if the initial
permeability is 55 md?
o Determine the skin damage for this formation

at 2.5 ft, if the well radius is 0.25 ft.


o What should be the permeability reading at 0.5

ft in the figure?

6
Example
 Assume that a well has a radius rw equal to 0.328 ft, and the
damage beyond the well is 3 ft. What would be the skin
effect if the permeability impairment results in k/ks equal to
5 and 10, respectively.

7
Non-Darcy Skin

8
Example
 Calculate the non-Darcy coefficient for well with wellbore radius of
0.328 ft. Assume that ks is the same as the reservoir permeability
(0.17 md) and hperf is half of the reservoir thickness. Use a viscosity of
0.02 cp, gas gravity of 0.65, and reservoir thickness of 78 ft. What
will happen if the near-wellbore permeability reduced by damage to
one-tenth?

9
Partial Penetration

10
Partial Completion Skin (Spp)
 Skin due to partial penetration is always greater than 0 and typically
ranges from 0 to 30.

11
Partial Completion Skin (Spp)

12
Partial Completion Skin (Spp)

13
Partial Completion Skin (Spp)

14
Partial Completion Skin (Spp)

15
Skin Model for Horizontal Wells (Open hole
completion)
 The completion skin factor can be determined from the following
equation

 The steady-state production rate can be determined from Furui’s


equation as follows

16
Example

Calculate the completion skin factor and the steady-state production


17
Example

18

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