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    Lipid Meta

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    micklemagdy50
    The document discusses lipid metabolism including lipolysis, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, and the carnitine shuttle for transporting fatty acids into mitochondria. It also covers energy yield from fatty acid oxidation using palmitic acid as an example. The document further discusses lipogenesis, glycerol formation, triglyceride formation, and the relationship between lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. It briefly mentions protein metabolism and the genetic disorder phenylketonuria.

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    Lipid Meta

    Uploaded by

    micklemagdy50
    9 views28 pages
    The document discusses lipid metabolism including lipolysis, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, and the carnitine shuttle for transporting fatty acids into mitochondria. It also covers energy yield from fatty acid oxidation using palmitic acid as an example. The document further discusses lipogenesis, glycerol formation, triglyceride formation, and the relationship between lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. It briefly mentions protein metabolism and the genetic disorder phenylketonuria.

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    The document discusses lipid metabolism including lipolysis, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, and the carnitine shuttle for transporting fatty acids into mitochondria. It also covers energy yield from fatty acid oxidation using palmitic acid as an example. The document further discusses lipogenesis, glycerol formation, triglyceride formation, and the relationship between lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. It briefly mentions protein metabolism and the genetic disorder phenylketonuria.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pptx, pdf, or txt
    9 views28 pages

    Lipid Meta

    Uploaded by

    micklemagdy50
    The document discusses lipid metabolism including lipolysis, beta-oxidation of fatty acids, and the carnitine shuttle for transporting fatty acids into mitochondria. It also covers energy yield from fatty acid oxidation using palmitic acid as an example. The document further discusses lipogenesis, glycerol formation, triglyceride formation, and the relationship between lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. It briefly mentions protein metabolism and the genetic disorder phenylketonuria.

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    You are on page 1of 28

    Lipid Metabolism

    Lipolysis

    • Fatty acids stored in adipose tissue, in the


    form of neutral TAG, serve as
    the body’s major fuel storage reserve.
    TAGs provide concentrated stores of
    metabolic energy because they are highly
    reduced and largely anhydrous.
    The yield from the complete oxidation of fatty
    acids to CO2 and H2O is 9 kcal/g fat

    • The mobilization of stored fat requires


    the hydrolytic release of fatty acids and
    glycerol from their TAG form. This process
    is initiated by hormone-sensitive lipase,
    which removes a fatty acid from carbon 1
    and/or carbon 3 of the TAG. Additional
    lipases specific for diacylglycerol or
    monoacylglycerol remove the remaining
    fatty acid(s).
    β-Oxidation of fatty acids
    The major pathway for catabolism of fatty acids is a mitochondrial
    pathway called β-oxidation, in which two-carbon fragments are successively
    removed from the carboxyl end of the fatty acyl CoA, producing
    acetyl CoA, NADH, and FADH2.
    1. Transport of long-chain fatty acids (LCFA) into the mitochondria:
    After a LCFA enters a cell, it is converted in the cytosol to its CoA
    derivative by long-chain fatty acyl CoA synthetase (thiokinase), an
    enzyme of the outer mitochondrial membrane. Becouse beta oxidation occurs
    in mitochondrial matrix , the fatty acid must be transported across the inner
    mitochondrial membrane that is impermeable to CoA. Therefore, a
    specialized carrier transports the long-chain acyl group from the cytosol into
    the mitochondrial matrix.
    Carnitine shuttle
    • This carrier is carnitine, and this rate-limiting
    transport process is called the carnitine
    shuttle
    Palmitic acid oxidation
    Energy yield from fatty acid oxidation:

    The energy yield from the β-oxidation pathway


    is high. For example, the oxidation of a molecule
    of palmitoyl CoA to CO2 and H2O produces 8
    acetyl CoA, 7 NADH, and 7 FADH2, from which
    131 ATP can be generated; however, activation
    of the fatty acid requires 2 ATP. Thus, the net
    yield from palmitate is 129 ATP
    Lipogenesis
    fatty acid formation -1
    Glycerol Formation -2
    Triglycerides Formation -3
    1- Fatty Acid synthesis
    2- Glycerol formation
    3- Triglycerides Formation
    The relationship between lipid metabolism
    and carbohydrate metabloism
    Protein metabolism
    Disorder-PKU
    Phenylketonuria (PKU is an inborn error of metabolism involving impaired
    metabolism of the amino acid phenylalanine. Phenylketonuria is caused by absent
    or virtually absent phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) enzyme activity. The condition is
    also known as phenylalanine hydroxylase deficiency.
    The End
    Thanks Dear Students

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