Describe how light travels.

DAY 1 Grade IV - Science

Directions: Draw
the path of light in
the following
pictures using
lines. Then answer
the questions that
follow. Do this in
your
science notebook.
 Based on your drawing,
describe how light travels?
Directions: Write “FACT” if the
statement is true and “BLUFF”
if it is not. Do this in your
Science notebook

1. Light and sound travel in waves.

2. The bouncing of light is called reflection.
3. Light bends as it hits an opaque material.
4. Shiny objects reflect
more light than dull objects.
5. Reflection of light can only be
demonstrated by mirrors and shiny
objects.
To Pass or Not to Pass
What you need:
flashlight, cardboard, glass slab,
book, glass with water, cloth

What to do:
1. Hold the flashlight and turn it on.
2. At 10cm from the flashlight, try to
block the flashlight with the
following materials one at a time:
cardboard, glass slab, book, glass
with water, cloth.
3. Observe what happens to the beam of light each time.
 Materials What happens to light?
Card board
Write your
observatio Book

ns in the
table Glass slab

below. Glass with water

Thick cloth
Guide Questions:
1. Which materials allowed light to pass
through? How are they
the same?
2. Which materials did not allow any light to
pass through? How
are they the same? What do you think will
happen to light?
3. What happened to light as it passed
through the cloth?
4. What does this say about light?
Some materials will allow light to pass through them thus you can clearly see
through that object. They are classified as transparent materials.
Some materials will allow some light to pass through while the remaining light
will scatter. These are translucent materials and you can usually see fuzzy
or unclear images through this kind of materials. Some materials do not
allow light to pass through them.
These materials are called opaque materials. As they blocked any light from
passing through them, you cannot see on the other side of the material.
The arrows in the following diagrams show how light behaves when it strikes
different materials. More specifically, the pictures show the different behavior
of light as it strikes to different types
of materials.
What happens to light on the surface of the material?
When light strikes a very smooth opaque surface, light bounces back in the same direction.
The way light bounces back is very much similar to the way a ball bounces back on a hard
smooth surface. When you throw a ball straight down, it will bounce straight back at you.
When you throw a ball at an angle, it will bounce off at the same angle away from you. Light
behaves in the same way when it hit the mirror which has a very smooth transparent window
glass of water block of wood surface. Light bounces off at the same angle that it struck the
mirror. This bouncing of light is called reflection.
What happens to light when it passes through different materials?
In the activity you had, the pencil appears to be broken when viewed at an angle. This appearance
shows that when light passes through different transparent materials (from the air to the glass of
water), it changes direction resulting in what appears to be bending of light. This change in direction is
due to the light traveling slower in the water and the glass than it did in the air. This bending of light is
called refraction. Refraction only happens when light moves from one transparent material or
medium such as in air to glass and in glass to water. This visual effect is witnessed if you look at a
pencil in a glass half-filled with water. As you look at the pencil from the top or on one side, the pencil
appeared bent at the water surface. However ,when you took it out of the glass, it was still as straight
as it was before you put it into the glass with water. When part of it was placed in the glass of water, it
looked bent. It even appeared as if it was cut and its lower end was bigger. But when you raised the
pencil and touched, it was not bent and the lower end is on the same size as the upper part.
Rainbows are formed from the interaction of
light and the rain drops. Below is a diagram
of what happens to light when it strikes a
droplet. During rainbow formation, two
things happen to the light: refraction and
reflection. Refraction happens as some of
the sunlight enters the surface of the
droplet. This bends light and will initially
separate them into different bands of light
(colors) that will be reflected at the back of
the droplet. As the bands exit the raindrop,
it will be further refracted into the order of
colors displayed in a rainbow arc .Sir Isaac
Newton assigned the 7 different color
division into the following order of colors:
RED, ORANGE, YELLOW, GREEN,
BLUE, INDIGO, and VIOLET (ROYGBIV).
Directions: Identify
whether the following
objects are transparent,
translucent, or opaque.
Write your answers in
your Science notebook.
 Give at least 5
examples of
Assignment: transparent,
translucent and
opaque.
Describe how heat is transferred in
solid materials.

DAY 2 Grade IV - Science

Complete the paragraph
Light always travels in a
below. Choose the answer
in the box. 1.________ line when
going through a 2.
_______ medium, in 3.
STRAIGHT ______ light travels
WATER LIGHT quickly while in 4.
SINGLE ________ light travels
AIR
SOLID
slowly. 5. ________ is a
form of energy that helps
us to see objects.
Choose the 1. Why can you see most objects?
letter of the A. They absorb light
B. They emit light
best answer. C. Light reflects off them
Write the letter D. Light refracts through them
on the spaces 2. Which of the following is not an
provided artificial light?
A. Sun B. Light house
before the C. Fluorescent D. Lit candle
number.
 3. A person will see a flash of lightning
Choose the before they hear thunder because?
letter of the A. Thunder occurs later than
lightning
best answer. B. light travel faster than
Write the letter sound.
on the spaces C. sound travel faster in atmosphere.
provided D. None of the above
4. Light travels in _______ lines.
before the A. Curvy B. Straight
number. C. Zigzag D. Wavy
Choose the
letter of the 5. Reflection happens when
best answer. light strikes and then
_____________ a surface.
Write the letter
A. breaks B. bend
on the spaces C. reflects D. Mirror
provided
before the
number.
Light Web
Using the organizer, write the main ideas in the canter box. Then on the
boxes around it, write the words that are related terms to the main idea.
Describe how heat is transferred to
liquid objects

DAY 3 Grade IV - Science

Directions: Arrange the jumbled letters to form the
correct word. Write your answer on a sheet of paper.

1. EAHT - _____________ form of energy associated with the motion of

particles.
2. ONDUCCIONT - _____________ is the transfer of heat through solid
materials by direct contact.
3. ROTDUCNOC - _____________ these are materials that allow heat
to flow through easily.
4. TROLAUSNI - _____________ these are materials through which
heat passes slowly or not at all.
Activity 2: Up, Down,
and Spin Around

Objective: Describe how heat

travels in liquid.
What you need: 2 jars,
cardboard, food color (blue and
red)
What to do:
• Dissolve the food colors in separate jars. The red
jar contains warmer water, and the blue jar
contains colder water.
• Place two jars with one on top of the other. A
cardboard separates the two. After that, gently
remove the cardboard.
• Observe and record what happens. Now, reverse
the jars’ positions then carefully remove the
cardboard. Observe and record what happens.
Guide Questions:
1. What is the direction of the flow of warm water and cold
water in the first set up
2. What is the direction of the flow of warm water and cold
water in the second set up?
3. What is the direction of heat flow in liquids?
4. If both jars are equally hot, what do you think will
happen? Why?
5. If both jars are equally cold, what do you think will
happen? Why?
6. What conclusion about heat transfer can you formulate
or draw out from this activity?
• Convection is the transfer of heat by the movement of the heated parts of aliquid
or gas. Fluids include liquids and gasses.
• Convection involves the motion of fluids in circulating currents. When water is
heated in a kettle, the molecules at the bottom get heated first. The heated
molecules move and rise pushing the top molecules, which are cold, to the
bottom. The colder molecules sink, get heated at the bottom, and move up. Warm
fluid rises and cold fluid sinks forming circulating currents.
• The heat moves from a higher temperature region to a lower temperature region.
This movement continues until the fluid is evenly heated and you see bubbles
forming. This is also true with winds and breezes. Warm air rises, expands and
cools. Cool air sinks.
• Convection is the reason why we have wind movements and local breezes. During
daytime, air over the land is heated.
• It rises and expands. Cool air over the sea moves towards the land. That’s why you
feel a refreshing breeze by the seaside during daytime.
Directions: In your notebook write
two to three sentences in each
situation.

•Some people say that

putting a spoon in a cup
of coffee would make it
cool fast. Do you believe
so? Why or why not?
 1. What happens to a liquid when
Choose the heated?
a. It remains the same.
letter of the b. It increases in temperature.
best answer. c. It increases in volume.
Write the letter d. It increases its water level.
2. During heating, the water at the bottom
on the spaces of a jar gets heated first and begins to
provided rise. As warm water rises, cold water
goes down.
before the This shows what kind of heat transfer?
number. a. conduction b. convection
c. insulation d. radiation
 3. Which of the following shows convection?

Choose the a. A spoon gets hot when left in a bowl of hot

soup.
letter of the b. A girl holding a hot spoon felt her fingers
becoming warm.
best answer. c. Larry feels his head and arms getting warm as
Write the letter he walks under the Sun.
d. The hot surface of the land heats the air above
on the spaces it and the air becomes warm.
4. Which of the following DOES NOT show
provided transfer of heat energy?
before the a. boiling water in a kettle
b. cutting paper in small pieces
number. c. lighting a room with a fluorescent lamp
d. placing a spoon in a cup of hot coffee
Assignment:
Directions: Write a simple reflection about what you have learned in
this
module by completing these statements. Do it in your science
notebook.
1. In this module, I discovered that_____________________
2. The most exciting activity for me was_______________
3. The easiest lesson for me was _______while
the hardest was _______.
4. Next time, I want to learn more about_________.
5. I will use all that I have learned by _______.
Describe how heat is transferred
through the air.

DAY 4 Grade IV - Science

How does the Sun dry your clothes when it’s too far away
from Earth? Observe what happens to your clothes when
exposed to sunlight.
 How about sitting near a barbecue stand
where live coals are used for grilling? What did
you feel?
Put a check if a
check(/) if the
following picture
show radiation and
(X) if not.
 Objective: Describe how heat is
transferred through empty space or
vacuum.
How does What you need: margarine, small plastic
plate, spoon, place for direct
heat exposure to sunlight
transferred What to do:
through 1. Scoop a small portion of the margarine
from its container using the spoon and
radiation? place it on a small plate.
2. Place the plate with margarine under
the Sun and observe for five minutes.
Record your observation
Guide 1. What happened to the margarine after
exposing it to the Sun?
Questions: 2. Why do you think it happened?
3. What do you think made the change on
the margarine?
4. Predict what might happen to the
margarine if it is continuously exposed
to lamp/ Sun for a long period of time.
5. Why is it necessary that margarine or
butter should be kept refrigerated?
6. Based on the activity, what can you say
about heat transfer through radiation?
Directions: Write TRUE if the
statement is correct and FALSE
if it is not.

1. Radiation is the heat transfer through space.

2. Heat transfer occurs in solid through conduction.
3. Radiation is the transfer of heat by movement of
fluids.
4. Conduction is the transfer of heat through
physical contact.
5. Heat moves from a lower temperature region to
higher temperature region.
 Heat Travels by Radiation
Heat can also be transmitted across empty space or vacuum. This is called
radiation. Radiation does not depend on the presence of matter to transfer
heat. Radiant energy travels as waves through space. Heat waves hit Earth
and cause warming. The Earth’s atmosphere traps the heat from the Sun.
Your house gets warm when the Sun’s waves or rays travel through a window
and are trapped in your house. Heat waves are invisible.
All warm objects radiate or give off heat waves. Some other examples of heat
transfer by radiation are:
the heat you feel when you are near a fire source,
the heat given off by an electric heater, and the heat near a hot oven.
Directions: Answer the following questions briefly in your
science notebook.
1. Why do we need to use a pot holder when we are removing hot
casseroles or any hot cooking wares out of the stoves?
2. When we expose half of an iron nail outside on a sunny day, then we
cover the other half with cartoon, the covered half still gets heated.
Why is this so?
3. When is the best time for us to dry our clothes outdoors, during
sunny day or a cloudy day? Why?
4. Staying too long under sunlight may damage our skin due to the
radiation. What must we do to protect our skin from being hurt or
injured by the heat of the Sun?
Directions: Write the letter of the correct answer in your
science notebook .
1. When one uses an exhaust fan, what kind of heat transfer is
demonstrated?
a. conduction b. convection
c. nuclear d. radiation
2. Which of these activities show heat transfer by radiation?
a. boiling egg b. Refrigeration
c. heating the wire d. lighting the room with a bulb
3. Grade IV pupils went camping. They lighted a bonfire and they felt their
face and arms were getting warm. How did the heat from the fire transfer to
the pupils?
a. through radiation c. through convection
b. through insulation d. through conduction
4. Which of the following is an example of radiation.
a. hot spoon in a hot coffee mug
b. a boiling water in a kettle
c. drying clothes under the sun
d. frying an egg
5. Heat that can be transmitted across empty space or
vacuum.
a. radiation
b. conduction
c. convection
d. insulator
Assignment:
Directions: Write a simple reflection about what you have learned in
this
module by completing these statements. Do it in your science
notebook.
1. In this module, I discovered that_____________________
2. The most exciting activity for me was_______________
3. The easiest lesson for me was _______while
the hardest was _______.
4. Next time, I want to learn more about_________.
5. I will use all that I have learned by _______.
Use an illustration/model to explain how
heat travels in a given material

DAY 4 Grade IV - Science

Directions: Write TRUE if the
statement is correct and FALSE if it
is not.

1. Radiation is the heat transfer through space.

2. Heat transfer occurs in solid through
conduction.
3. Radiation is the transfer of heat by movement
of fluids.
4. Conduction is the transfer of heat through
physical contact.
5. Heat moves from a lower temperature region to
higher temperature region.