Unit 2 - Part 1
Unit 2 - Part 1
Unit 2 - Part 1
• Application
• Commonly used only in single stage amplifier circuits such as microphone pre-
amplifier or radio frequency ( Rƒ ) amplifiers due to its very good high frequency
response.
The Common Emitter (CE) Configuration
• The input signal is applied between the base and the emitter, while the
output is taken from between the collector and the emitter
• The common emitter amplifier configuration produces the highest current
and power gain of all the three bipolar transistor configurations.
• High gain due to input impedance is LOW as it is connected to a forward
biased PN-junction, while the output impedance is HIGH as it is taken from
a reverse biased PN-junction.
• current flowing out of the transistor must be equal to the currents flowing
into the transistor as the emitter current is given as Ie = Ic + Ib
Cont....
• As the load resistance ( RL ) is connected in series with the collector, the
current gain of the common emitter transistor configuration is quite large
as it is the ratio of Ic/Ib.
• Small change in the base current ( Ib ), will result in a much larger change
in the collector current ( Ic ).
• Beta has a value between 20 and 200 for most general purpose
transistors.
• ie.. if a transistor has a Beta value of 100, then one electron will flow from
the base terminal for every 100 electrons flowing between the emitter-
collector terminal.
• output signal has a 180o phase-shift with regards to the input voltage
signal.
Application
-Used as inverting amplifier
The Common Collector (CC) Configuration
• The input signal is connected directly to the base terminal, while the
output signal is taken from across the emitter load resistor as shown.
• Commonly known as a Voltage Follower or Emitter Follower circuit.
•The load resistance of the common collector transistor receives both the base
and collector currents giving a large current gain
•provides good current amplification with very little voltage gain
Relationship between
DC Currents and Gains
Application
The common collector, or emitter follower
configuration is very useful for impedance
matching applications because of its very high
input impedance, in the region of hundreds of
thousands of Ohms while having a relatively
low output impedance.
A bipolar NPN transistor has a DC current gain, (Beta) value of 200.
Calculate the base current Ib required to switch a resistive load of 4mA.
Output Characteristics
Ic is largely unaffected by changes in Vce above
this value and instead it is almost entirely
controlled by the base current, Ib.
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