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Information Technology

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30 views

Information Technology

Uploaded by

kakaireismael86
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

• Information technology affects almost all aspects of


our lives including education, health, finance,
recreation and entertainment, government, jobs and
careers, and your personal life.
 Information technology comprises both computer
technology and communications technology.
 COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY: You likely know what
a computer is, but to get to a formal definition: a
computer is a programmable, multiuse machine that
accepts data raw facts and figures and processes, or
manipulates, it into information we can use, such as
summaries, totals, or reports.
 Its main purpose is to speed up problem solving and
increase productivity.
 COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGY: Also called
telecommunications technology, consists of
electromagnetic devices and systems for communication
over any distance.
 The principal examples are telephone, radio, satellite,
broadcast television, and cable TV.
 We also have communication among computers which is
what happens when people “go online” on the Internet.
Data vs. Information

There is different between data and information.


In fact, Information is created from data.
Data vs. Information

 Data is raw, unorganized facts that need to be processed.


• Data can be something simple and seemingly random
and useless until it is organized.
 When data is processed, organized, structured or presented
in a given context so as to make it useful, it is called
information.
THE NATURE OF INFORMATION
• information implies
• facts
• knowledge
• significance and meaning
• Shannon and Weaver described information as
• what is beyond chance prediction
• it reduces our uncertainty about predicting states of
the world
• Technologies are artificial instruments, processes
or systems that extend our natural capabilities
• e.g: the wheel, agriculture, electric light bulb
• Information technologies is the use of computers to
store, retrieve, transmit, and manipulate data
or information. IT is typically used within the context
of business operations as opposed to personal or
entertainment technologies.
3 CLASSES OF INFORMATION USERS

• Information consumers
• individuals who need or benefit from information
services for both work or leisure
• Information producers
• vendors, distributors of information services
• Information workers
• professions that depend on the analysis, assessment,
and use of specific forms of information
What Is Technology

• Technology is humans using objects (tools, machines,


systems, and materials) to change the natural and
human-made environment.
• Technology is developed by people to modify their
environment.
• Technology is evolving every months , so company
must keep up with the newest technology to earn
customer satisfaction and make profit.
Defining Information Technology

• Information technology is “ anything related to


computing technology, such as networking,
hardware, software, the Internet, or the people that
work with these technologies”.
• Success in business is largely determined by the
effectiveness with which information technology is
used.
Utilizing IT In The Society

Information Technology Is All


Around Us, Improving Our Lives
Information Technology Is All Around Us,
Improving Our Lives

• Education
• Training
• Entertainment
• Shipping
• Manufacturing
• Journalism
Information Technology Is All Around Us,
Improving Our Lives
• Money and Investments
• Taxation and Accounting
• Health and Medicine
• Solving Problems
• Problem Solving: The process of recognizing a
problem, identifying alternatives for solving it, and
successfully implementing the chosen solution.
Utilizing IT In The Society (People)
• Personal Communication
• Conversations (phone, cell)
• Messaging (E-mail, SMS)
• Video
• Entertainment
• Web surfing
• Downloading video and audio files
• Interactive gaming
Electronic banking/ stock market
Utilizing IT In The Society (BUSINESS)
• Information technology is embedded in many
products and services.
• Internal Communication
• Computer network
• Video teleconferencing
• Messaging (SMS, email)
• Electronic Commerce
• Corporate website
• Call Centers
• Electronic transactions
Classroom Exercise :
Utilizing IT In The Society (UNIVERSITY )
The Functions Of
Information Technology
There are six main functions for information
technology which are :
1.Capture
2.Process
3.Generate
4.Store and retrieve
5.Transmit
The Functions Of Information Technology
The Functions Of Information Technology

• Capture: This is the process of compiling information


• Example: AMAZON.COM use internet cookies to
capture data about a customer’s purchases via their
website.
• Processing: The process of converting, analyzing,
computing, and producing all forms of data, information.
• Information Processing
• Image Processing
• Voice Processing
The Functions Of Information Technology

• Generation: The process of organizing information into


a useful form, whether as numbers, text, sound, or
visual image.
• Storage and Retrieval:
• Storage is the computer process of retaining
information for future use.
• Retrieval is the process by which a computer
locates and copies stored data or information for
further processing or for transmission to another
user.
• Example : Search Engine like Google ,
Bing , Yahoo ” these companies have data
centers which store information which can
be used at a latter stage by the end user who
will be searching for information online.
• Transmission: The computer process of
distributing information over a communications
network.
• Electronic Mail, or E-Mail
• Voice Messaging, or Voice Mail
The Benefits of Information
Technology

There are four main benefits for Information


technology which are :
1.Speed
2.Consistency
3.Precision
4.Reliability
The Benefits of Information Technology

• Speed
• Users of information technology can use tools like computers to
perform different tasks faster, such as: calculation and filtering .
• Computer can perform multiple functions on the same time which
can not be done by humans.
• Computers have applications which can store data in a systematic
way making it easy to understand and organize important facts.
• Organizations can use internet to interact with their customers in
real time and respond to their needs.
The Benefits of Information Technology

• Consistency
• The information will be consistent in all departments or branches
of the company.
• Example : you can use your order number to track your order in
real time.
• Precision or accuracy
• The information will be accurate.
• Even though information technology is managed by humans, it is
more likely to be more accurate than humans.
• Example : computers never make mistakes in calculation.
The Benefits of Information Technology
• Reliability
• Information technology systems can run 24hrs 7 days a
week.
• These systems can only be interrupted for repairs and
maintenance which takes just a few hours and the system
will be up for use.
• This is a win-win process for both organizations and
customers who need the service in time.
• Let’s take a simple example of a Bank.
• This is a financial institution whose services are needed by the
end-user on time. Banks use IT systems to deliver services like
remote banking so customers can easily deposit money, withdraw
money or print out bank statements without coming to a physical
main branch of that bank.
• IT experts make sure that these remote ATM machines and other
remote banking systems are running all the time, they can do
maintenance in the late hours when users are not active so that
they do not interrupt the service when needed by the user.
What Are The Characteristics Of Good Information?

• It has to be accurate
• It has to be Timely (should be communicated in time
to be used )
• It has to be consistent and reliable
• It has to be Up-to-date
• Easy to understand
 Using Information technology makes your
information better somehow.
Conclusion
• There is different between data and information. In fact, Information is created
from data.
• Information Technology Is All Around Us, Improving Our Lives
• Company , organization, university and government must adopt Information
technology to survive in these technical world.
• There are six main functions for information technology which are capture,
process, generate , store ,retrieve and transmit.
• There are four main benefits for Information technology which are speed,
consistency, precision ,reliability .
• new careers have been emerged because of of IT. However, there are some
careers have been vanished

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