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Errors and Exceptions

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4 views

Errors and Exceptions

Uploaded by

adilkhalili9999
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Select Topics in Python

Errors and Exceptions


Objectives

Objectives:
• Discover the types of errors.
• Use exceptions.
Types of Error

| Errors
- Syntax error.
- Semantics error.
- Run time error.
- Logical error.
Types of Error

| Syntax error
- Syntax errors: refers to formal rules governing the
construction of valid statements in a language.
- Syntax errors occur when rules of a programming
language are misused, i.e., when a grammatical rule of
the language is violated.
Types of Error

| Semantics errors
- Semantics errors occur when statements are not meaningful.
- Semantics refers to the set of rules which give the meaning of the
statement.
- Examples:
• Jon is registered for a class.
• It is semantically and syntactically correct.
• Class registered a class for Jon.
• Incorrect and not Semantically correct.
Types of Error

| Run time errors


- A run time error occurs during the execution of a program.
It is caused when an illegal operation has taken place.
- As an example:
• Open/write to a file.
• Divide by zero.
Types of Error

| Logical errors
- A logical error causes a program to produce an
incorrect or undesired output.
- As an example:
• Infinite loops
• Mathematical operation.
Exceptions

| What is an exception?
- Even when a statement or
expression is syntactically correct,
it may cause an error when an
attempt is made to execute it.
- An error during this process is
called an exception.
Handling Exceptions

| It is possible to write programs


that handle selected exceptions.
Look at the following example,
which asks the user for input
until a valid integer has been
entered, but allows the user to
interrupt the program using
Control-C or whatever the
operating system supports. Note
that a user-generated
interruption is signalled by
raising the KeyboardInterrupt
exception.
Exception Clause with No Excepptions

| This kind of a try-except


statement catches all the
exceptions that occur. Using this
kind of try-catch statement is not
considered a good programming
practice, because but catches all
exceptions butt doesn’t make the
programmer identify the root
cause of the problem that
occurred.
Common Exceptions

| IOError
- Raised when the file cannot be opened.

| ImportError
- Raised when Python cannot find the module.

| ValueError
- Raised when a built-in operation or function received an argument that has the right
type but an inappropriate value.

| KeyboardInterrupt
- Raised when the user hits the interrupt key.

| EOFError
- Raised when one of the built-in functions(input() or raw_input()) hits an end-of-file
without reading data.
Reading File

| Errors
Write File

| Errors

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