ODA BULTUM UNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY

INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

( ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION STREAM)

TITLE:FLNGN DESIGN FOR 100, 000 ENTERPRISES AND RESIDENTIAL

CUSTOMER

HOST COMPANY:

SOUTH EAST REGION ETHIOTELECOM

PREPARED BY

NAME ID

1.YISHAK NIGUS………..………………2424/13
Internship Period:4Months
University Advisor:Mr.Omar(Msc) Submission Date February
Company Advisor:Mr.Tsegaye Shile(Msc) Chiro, Ethiopia
 Table of contents

1.Introduction and Background 4.Internship Project

• Overview of Ethio Telecom • Project goal: FLNGN design for 100,000
• Historical context, vision, mission, and customers
objectives • Key methodologies, assumptions, and
2.Internship Experience calculations

• Objective • Use of technologies like Huawei eNSP and

• Enrollment and introduction to company IP/MPLS VPNs

structure 5.Conclusions and Recommendations

• Fixed, wireless, and network infrastructure • Summary of the internship’s value

highlights • Recommendations for Ethio Telecom's
3.Benefits of Internship improvements

• Practical skills development

• Teamwork, leadership, and communication
improvements
 Acknowledgement

 Gratitude to ODA Bultum University and Ethio Telecom

 Acknowledged university and company advisors
 Special thanks to supervisors and mentors
 Executive Summary

 Overview of internship experience and outcomes

 Combination of theoretical knowledge with practical tasks

 Improved skills in communication, leadership, and technical areas

 Introduction to Ethio Telecom

 Established by Emperor Menelik II in 1894

 One of Africa's oldest telecom operators

 Member of ITU since 1932

Figure 1.1 The first telephone line from

Harar to Addis
 Evolution

• Table 1: The Organizational evolution of Ethio-telecom

Year Evolution
1894 Long distance telephone line between Harari and Addis Ababa.
1896 Dire Dawa-Djibouti telephone line work had been started.
1902 Addis Ababa-Asmara telephone line work had been started
1905 The 880-kilometer Addis Ababa-Asmara telephone line had been completed
1906 The Dire Dawa-Djibouti telegraph had been completed
1907 Emperor Menelik advocated Ethiopia’s membership of the International
Telecommunications Union (ITU).
1914 The Addis Ababa telephone exchange begun to serve some 100 subscribers
1920 Ethiopia participated in the general assembly of the international Postal, Telegraph
and Telephone service held in Madrid, Spain.
1931 The Ethiopian Government signed a contract agreement for the building of a radio
transmission and reception station.
1932 Ethiopia has become member of the International Telecommunication Union
(ITU).
1933 A radio-telephone station set up within the compound of the old post office linking
the country with Cairo, Djibouti and Aden.
1941 automatic telephone exchange was installed in Addis Ababa
 Ethio Telecom Vision and Mission

• Vision: To be a world-class telecommunication provider

• Mission: Provide reliable, affordable, high-quality services

• Drive Ethiopia's growth through ICT innovations

 Ethio Telecom Objectives

 Customer-centric and financially sound company

 Offer high-quality services meeting global standards

 Support Ethiopia's development through modern ICT

Internship Objective
General Objective: Practical application of
theoretical knowledge
Specific Goals: Skill enhancement in
communication engineering
Focus areas: Network infrastructure,
wireless, and fixed networks
 Enrollment and Orientation

• Started on October 14 at SER Ethio Telecom in Adama

• Orientation by HR and division introductions

• Assigned to Fixed, Network Infrastructure, and Wireless Networks

Fixed Network Overview

Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN)
explained
Key components: MSAN, MSAG, and OLT
Types of broadband: ADSL, Cable, and Fiber
 Fixed Network
• fixed network is based on the closed path technology
• Any interruption of those of those tools will create a barrier for the network to flow in the
intended way.
• can be a point-to-point path or a point to many points path.
• tools that make up the path from one node to the other side we start nodes, modem, and
multiplexers can used.

Figure: simple diagram of FAN

 PSTN(public swith telephone network)

• the public switched telephone network was the topic which was consider as

an example to understand this scenario well.

• were usually designed many years ago.

• It can only transmitting the human voice in a more-or-less recognizable

form.

Figure 2.2 A typical circuit route for a long-

distance call.
Fixed Network Technologies

 MSAN Functions: Voice, data, and video services

 MSAG: Traffic aggregation and QoS management

 OLT: FTTH infrastructure with dynamic bandwidth allocation

Multi-Service Access Node (MSAN)

 The MSAN is a crucial element in Ethiotelecom fixed network infrastructure.

 It acts as a convergence point for various services such as voice, data, and
video.
 The primary functions of an MSAN include:
• Subscriber Line Interface Card (SLIC): Enables the connection between
the MSAN and subscriber lines.
• Broadband Service Unit (BSU): Provides high-speed internet access to
subscribers.
• Voice Service Unit (VSU): Facilitates traditional voice services over the
fixed network.

• Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer (DSLAM): Allows for the

delivery of broadband services over copper or fiber connections .

Figure 2.3 MSAN devices

 Multiservice Access Gateway
• The MSAG serves as a central aggregation point for multiple MSANs
within a specific geographic area.
• Key features of an MSAG include:
• Traffic Aggregation: Consolidates traffic from multiple MSANs before
forwarding it to the core network.
• Quality of Service (QoS) Management: Ensures prioritization and efficient
allocation of bandwidth for different services.

Figure 2.3 MSAN devices

 Network Infrastructure Highlights
 Power systems: Battery, solar, generator

 Transmission technologies: SDH, DWDM, OTN

 Efficient and redundant design principles.

Why Ethiotelecom use -48v dc voltage ?

 it is a standard voltage level for telecommunications equipment.

 allows for interoperability and compatibility between different

manufacturers' equipment.
 more efficient for long-distance power distribution

 less prone to power loss over distance compared to AC systems.

 Wireless Network Overview
• Evolution from 1G to 5G technologies

• Wi-Fi protocol overview and applications

• Key challenges in wireless network deployme

Wireless Network
 communications between the two nodes is takes place without any physical

connection.

 differs from the fixed network upon transmission stage and switching techniques.

 the transmission is takes place by air.

 has a wireless service mainly in cellular data starting from 2G to 5G, and WIFI.

up to 1Gbit/s (i.e., 1,000Mbit/s).

 Microwave Transmission
• Microwave transmission is the transmission of information or energy by
electromagneticwaves.
• Microwave communication is the transmission of signals via radio using a
seriesof microwave towers.
• Microwaves are unidirectional.
• Microwave is electromagnetic wave with frequency from 300MHz to
• 300GHz.

Figure 2.2 Microwave Transmission systems

Figure:2g and 3g network
 Internship Benefits: Practical Skills

 Hands-on experience with advanced technologies

 Improved problem-solving and analytical abilities
 Exposure to real-world telecom infrastructure

Internship Benefits: Communication Skills

 Enhanced interpersonal and professional communication

 Team collaboration in technical and non-technical tasks

 Adaptability to diverse working environments

 Internship Benefits: Leadership and Ethics

• Leadership skills through task management

• Understanding personal and professional ethics

• Developing workplace etiquette and time management

 Title:FLNGN DESIGN FOR 100,000 INTERPRISE
AND RESIDENTIAL CUSTOMERS

Introduction:
 Fixed-line network refers to all of the wired networks that

 used for voice and data communications.

 to make phone calls or connect to the Internet connection are made by means of

a cable

 Fixed lines are clearly separate from the mobile phone network, by which end

users are connected to the network via wireless transmission technologies.

 copper wires or fiber optic lines.are used

 These access devices are MSAG, Huawei MSAN, ZTE MSAN, OLT, DSLAM,

and MDU.
 The purpose of project

 Purpose: Meet customer demands with scalable solutions

 Key objectives: Equipment selection, service card configuration
 Bandwidth optimization and network simulation

Statement of Problem
 To provide enough coverage and quality network
 To continuously increasing customers
 Ethio telecom does continuous expansion projects in its network
 Objective of project

General objective of project

 To design FL-NGN equipment for 100,000 enterprises and residential customer

Specific objective of project

 To study the customer, need carefully.

 To select MSAN/OLT equipment suitable to meet the customer’s demand.

 To choose proper service cards to satisfy the customers.

 To determine the uplink band width requirement to carry the customer’s traffic.

 To produce the overall proposal on the FL-NGN equipment for the mentioned

customers.
 Literature review

The development of broadband (BB) Internet and NGN, over the past
few years, was in the focus of attention from both developed and
emerging economies.

 Since 2009, this development is additionally forced as a key element in

overcoming the current economic crisis.

 It is stated that broadband services play an important role in the people'

social and economic lives and are effective tools against recession .
To improve the development of broadband access at the global level, ITU and
UNESCO have formed the Broadband Commission for Digital Development
(BB Commission, 2009).
 Methodology

• the methodology of this paper is organized as follows.

Show the general structure of the telecom network.

Identify a specified site location for a given hierarchal structure by using
GOOGLE EARTH PRO.

Modelling all network layers on Huawei eNSP using appropriate

topologies and configure them.

Simulate the configured network by using Huawei eNSP software and

observe the results.
CONTINUES………………

Collecting data

Analyzing the selected data

Evaluating mathematical model

Designing and locate the site

using GOOGL EARTH PRO

Simulate using Huawei eNSP

software

END

Figure 4.1 Flow Chart of process to design FLNGN

 Assumptions
• The customers are assumed to be in the following location distribution.
Table 1.1 Percentage of customer for selected area

No Area Percentage
1 Adama 14%
2 Asella 12%
3 Robe 10%
4 Goba 10%
5 Dodola 10%
6 Sheki Hussein 10%

7 Itaya 8%

N: B The 100,000 customers are assumed to be in the following service

distribution.
 58%needs voices service
 40% needs combo service
 2% needs Gpon service
 System Design Process

 Data collection and site selection using Google Earth Pro

 Modeling with Huawei eNSP software
 Simulating network layers and configurations
 VLAN and IP Addressing

 VLAN design: Traffic separation and VPN configuration

 IP addressing: Efficient allocation for devices and customers
 Sample configurations and design principles
 Bandwidth Calculation

 Adama MSAN bandwidth: Data and voice calculations

 Scaling for multiple locations based on customer distribution
 Ensuring redundancy and scalability in the design
 Simulation Results

 Layered topology: Core, aggregation, access layers

 MPLS and OSPF configurations
 System model results using Huawei eNSP
 Network Security and Management

• Traffic separation using MPLS VPNs

• Secure routing tables for customer data
• Monitoring and maintaining network integrity
 Conclusion: Project Impact

 Improved speed and availability of services

 Enhanced network reliability and scalability
 Addressing quality and accessibility issues
 Internship Conclusion

 Gained confidence and readiness for professional roles

 Bridged theoretical knowledge with practical applications
 Valuable exposure to industry-standard tools and processes
 Recommendations for Ethio Telecom

 Train employees on system intricacies and troubleshooting

 Upgrade outdated equipment to prevent service disruptions
 Adopt modern tools and technologies for scalability
 Appendix

 Sample configurations and technical details

 Figures and tables referenced in the project

 Additional notes on challenges and solutions

Thank you for your attention!
Questions and discussions are
welcome