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Natural selection is a process where individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce more successfully, leading to those traits becoming more common in a population. Examples include antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the increase of dark-colored peppered moths during the Industrial Revolution due to environmental changes. The document also includes questions that reinforce understanding of how natural selection and adaptation work.

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2 views7 pages

7.4

Natural selection is a process where individuals with advantageous traits survive and reproduce more successfully, leading to those traits becoming more common in a population. Examples include antibiotic-resistant bacteria and the increase of dark-colored peppered moths during the Industrial Revolution due to environmental changes. The document also includes questions that reinforce understanding of how natural selection and adaptation work.

Uploaded by

user9
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Natural

Selection
What is natural selection?
Natural selection is a process in which
individuals with advantageous traits survive
and reproduce more successfully than others.
Over time, these traits become more common
in a population.
How does natural selection work?
Variation Adaptations
01 Variation is present
within species.
02 Best adapted
organisms survive.

Reproduction Evolution
03 Advantageous features
are passed on to
04 Over time, traits
change in the
offspring population.
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria
Some bacteria have genetic mutations that make them resistant to
antibiotics. When antibiotics are used, only resistant bacteria survive
and reproduce, leading to the spread of resistance in the population.
Peppered moths
During the Industrial Revolution, pollution darkened tree trunks.
Lighter moths were eaten by predators, while darker moths
survived better. Over time, the population shifted towards the
darker variant
1. Which of the following best describes how natural selection leads to evolutionary change?
A) Traits acquired during an organism’s lifetime are passed on to offspring.
B) Individuals develop new traits in response to environmental challenges.
C) Organisms with advantageous traits reproduce more, increasing the frequency of those
traits over generations.
D) Evolution occurs randomly, without any influence from environmental factors.

2. A population of insects is exposed to an insecticide. Over several generations, most of the


population becomes resistant to the insecticide. What is the best explanation for this change?
A) The insecticide caused new mutations to appear in the insect population.
B) Individual insects adapted to the insecticide by becoming stronger.
C) Insects with a natural resistance survived and passed on their traits to offspring.
D) The insecticide altered the genetic material of all insects in the population.

3. Why did the population of dark-colored peppered moths increase during the Industrial
Revolution?
A) Pollution changed their genetic code, making them darker.
B) Dark moths were more visible to predators and thus survived better.
C) Natural selection favored darker moths because they were better camouflaged on soot-
covered trees.
D) Lighter moths evolved into darker moths through conscious adaptation.

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