Washing Machine

"Types, Parts, and Working

Mechanism"
MICHAEL MARANTAL
Instructor
Types of Washing Machines
Top-Loading
Washing Machine
– Clothes are
loaded from the
top, uses an agitator
or impeller.
Front-Loading
Washing
Machine
– Clothes are
loaded from the
front, more
efficient in water
and energy use.
Semi-Automatic Washing
Machine
– Requires manual
intervention for transferring
clothes between wash and
spin.
Fully Automatic
Washing Machine
– Completes washing,
rinsing, and spinning
without manual effort.
Analog Washing
Machine
– Operated using
mechanical dials and
manual controls.
Digital Washing
Machine
-Uses electronic control
panels, digital displays,
and automated programs.
Main Parts of a Washing Machine
Drum/Tub
– Holds and
rotates clothes
during the
wash cycle.
Motor
– Powers
the drum
and controls
the washing
cycle.
Agitator/Pulsator
– Moves clothes
for effective
washing (in top-
loaders).
Water Inlet
Valve
– Regulates
water flow
into the
drum.
Drain Pump
– Removes
dirty water
after washing.
Control Panel
– Allows users
to set wash
cycles, water
levels, and
spin speeds.
Door/Lid
– Seals the
drum to
prevent
water
leakage.
Detergent
Dispenser
– Releases
detergent and
fabric softener
during the
wash cycle.
Thermostat
– Controls
the water
temperature
for efficient
washing.
Suspension
System
– Reduces
vibration and
noise during
operation.
Spin Basket
– Helps
remove
excess water
from clothes
after
washing.
Manually
unlocks the
lid in case of
power failure
or system
malfunction.
The power plug of
a washing machine
is an essential
component that
connects the
machine to an
electrical outlet,
supplying power
for its operation.
The debris filter
in a washing
machine is a
crucial component
that helps prevent
dirt, lint, and
foreign objects
from clogging the
drainage system.
Levelling feet are
adjustable supports
located at the base
of a washing
machine. They help
stabilize the
appliance and
ensure proper
operation.
The drain hose is an
essential component
in a washing
machine’s drainage
system. It channels
used (dirty) water
out of the machine
and into a household
drain or sink.
The emergency drain tube is
a small flexible tube located
near the debris/lint filter
(usually at the bottom front of
the washing machine). It's
designed to manually drain
water from the drum during
emergencies—especially when
the washer can’t drain
automatically due to a power
outage, clog, or pump failure.
The work top (also known
as the top panel or cover)
of a washing machine
refers to the flat surface
on the upper part of the
appliance. While it may
not be involved in the
washing process directly, it
has both practical and
protective functions.
The filter cover is the
small door or panel
that hides and protects
the debris/lint filter
in a washing machine
—usually located at
the bottom front of
front-loading
machines.
Wash timer is a
control
component that
sets and regulates
the duration of
the washing cycle
in both analog and
digital washing
machines.
The capacitor in a
washing machine is a
small but powerful
electrical component
that helps start and run
the motor efficiently. It
stores and releases
electrical energy to give
the motor a boost when
needed—especially
during startup.
 Possible
Problem Remedy
Causes

- No power - Check power

supply outlet and plug
1. Washing
- Faulty power - Close lid/door
Machine
cord or switch properly
Won’t Start
- Door/lid not - Inspect switch
closed properly and power cord
 - Clean inlet
- Blocked
filter
water inlet
- Check tap is
2. Water Not - Faulty inlet
fully open
Filling valve
- Replace
- Low water
inlet valve if
pressure
faulty
 - Clean filter
- Blocked
and hose
drain hose
3. Not - Ensure
- Clogged
Draining hose is not
debris filter
Water kinked
- Faulty
- Replace or
drain pump
repair pump
4. Not Spinning
Properly
- Unbalanced load
- Faulty motor or belt - Redistribute clothes evenly
- Spin setting not selected - Inspect belt/motor
- Select proper spin cycle
5. Excessive Vibration
or Noise

- Unlevel machine - Adjust leveling feet

- Foreign objects inside - Remove objects
drum - Get professional help for
- Worn bearings bearing replacement
 - Inspect and
- Damaged hoses or replace hoses or
6. Water Leakage door seal seals
- Loose connections - Tighten
connections

- Clean dispenser
7. Detergent Not - Blocked dispenser tray
Dispensing - Low water flow - Check water
pressure
 - Run drain cycle
- Wait a few
- Water not fully
9. Door/Lid minutes after
drained
Won’t Open power off
- Faulty door lock
- Check door lock
mechanism

- Run a hot wash

- Detergent buildup cycle with vinegar
8. Bad Odor from
- Mold or mildew or drum cleaner
Drum
growth - Leave door open
after use
10. Clothes Not
Cleaned Properly

- Overloading - Reduce load

- Low-quality detergent - Use appropriate detergent
- Short wash cycle - Select a longer cycle
TROUBLES CAUSE OF ACTUAL REMEDY
TROUBLES STAGE/
COMPONENTS
TROUBLES CAUSE OF ACTUAL REMEDY
TROUBLES STAGE/
COMPONENTS
 TROUBLES CAUSE OF ACTUAL STAGE/ REMEDY
TROUBLES COMPONENTS

WATER Broken/crack Drain hose Repair

LEAKING drain hose
NOT Broken rubber Drain valve Replace/Repair
DRAINING drain valve or Clean
 TROUBLES CAUSE OF ACTUAL STAGE/ REMEDY
TROUBLES COMPONENTS

NO POWER Broken AC AC cord/plug Repair/Replace

cord/plug
Defective Capacitor Replace
capacitor
Defective Wash motor Rewind/Replace
motor
Defective wash Wash timer Repair/Replace
timer
Disconnected Wires Repair/Reconnect
wirings wires
1. Release lever
2. Detergent drawer
3. Control panel
4. Door
5. Drum
6. Debris filter
7. Emergency drain tube
8. Filter cover
9. Work top
10. Power plug
11. Drain hose