Boryo

Bohrium, ₁₀₇Bh
Bohrium
Bigkas	/ˈbɔːriəm/ (BOR-ee-əm)
Bilang na pangmasa	[270] (unconfirmed: 278)
Bohrium sa talahanayang peryodiko
	seaborgium ← bohrium → hassium
Atomikong bilang (Z)	107
Group	7
Period	7
Block	d-block
Electron configuration	[Rn] 5f14 6d5 7s2
Electrons per shell	2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 13, 2
Physical properties
Phase at STP	solid (predicted)
Density (near r.t.)	26–27 g/cm3 (predicted)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	(+3), (+4), (+5), +7 (Nakasaknong: prediksyon)
Ionization energies	1st: 740 kJ/mol ; 2nd: 1690 kJ/mol ; 3rd: 2570 kJ/mol ; (more) (all but first estimated);
Atomic radius	empirical: 128 pm (predicted)
Covalent radius	141 pm (estimated)
Other properties
Natural occurrence	sintetiko
Crystal structure	hexagonal close-packed (hcp) ; (predicted)
CAS Number	54037-14-8
History
Naming	after Niels Bohr
Discovery	Gesellschaft für Schwerionenforschung (1981)
Isotopes of bohrium t; b;
	Kategorya: Bohrium; tingnan; usapan; baguhin; \| references

Ang Bohrium o Boryo ay isang elementong pangkimika na mayroong simbolong Bh at atomikong bilang na 107 (nasa posisyong 107 sa talahanayang peryodiko, at ito ang pinaka mabigat na kasapi sa pangkat na 7 (VIIB). Isa itong elementong sintetiko na ang pinaka matatag na nakikilalang isotopo na ²⁷⁰Bh, ay mayroong kalahating buhay na 61 mga segundo. Natiyak ng mga eksperimentong pangkimika na ang mahuhulang posisyon ng bohrium ay mayroon mas mabigat na homologo sa rhenium na nagkakaroon ng pormasyon o pagkakabuo ng isang matatag na katayuan ng oksidasyon na +7.^[12] Pinangalanan ang bohrium magmula kay Niels Bohr.

Mga sanggunian

↑ Johnson, E.; Fricke, B.; Jacob, T.; Dong, C. Z.; Fritzsche, S.; Pershina, V. (2002). "Ionization potentials and radii of neutral and ionized species of elements 107 (bohrium) and 108 (hassium) from extended multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock calculations". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 116 (5): 1862–1868. Bibcode:2002JChPh.116.1862J. doi:10.1063/1.1430256.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Hoffman, Darleane C.; Lee, Diana M.; Pershina, Valeria (2006). "Transactinides and the future elements". Sa Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (mga pat.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (ika-3rd (na) edisyon). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. ISBN 1-4020-3555-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 Östlin, A.; Vitos, L. (2011). "First-principles calculation of the structural stability of 6d transition metals". Physical Review B. 84 (11). Bibcode:2011PhRvB..84k3104O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.84.113104.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Gyanchandani, Jyoti; Sikka, S. K. (10 Mayo 2011). "Physical properties of the 6 d -series elements from density functional theory: Close similarity to lighter transition metals". Physical Review B. 83 (17): 172101. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.83.172101.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Kratz; Lieser (2013). Nuclear and Radiochemistry: Fundamentals and Applications (ika-3rd (na) edisyon). p. 631.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Fricke, Burkhard (1975). "Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties". Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Bonding. 21: 89–144. doi:10.1007/BFb0116498. ISBN 978-3-540-07109-9. Nakuha noong 4 Oktubre 2013.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Chemical Data. Bohrium - Bh, Royal Chemical Society
↑ Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ FUSHE (2012). "Synthesis of SH-nuclei". Nakuha noong Agosto 12, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ Oganessian, Yuri Ts.; Abdullin, F. Sh.; Bailey, P. D.; atbp. (2010-04-09). "Synthesis of a New Element with Atomic Number Z=117". Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society. 104 (142502). Bibcode:2010PhRvL.104n2502O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.142502. PMID 20481935.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) (gives life-time of 1.3 min based on a single event; conversion to half-life is done by multiplying with ln(2).)
↑ Hofmann, S.; Heinz, S.; Mann, R.; Maurer, J.; Münzenberg, G.; Antalic, S.; Barth, W.; Burkhard, H. G.; Dahl, L.; Eberhardt, K.; Grzywacz, R.; Hamilton, J. H.; Henderson, R. A.; Kenneally, J. M.; Kindler, B.; Kojouharov, I.; Lang, R.; Lommel, B.; Miernik, K.; Miller, D.; Moody, K. J.; Morita, K.; Nishio, K.; Popeko, A. G.; Roberto, J. B.; Runke, J.; Rykaczewski, K. P.; Saro, S.; Scheidenberger, C.; Schött, H. J.; Shaughnessy, D. A.; Stoyer, M. A.; Thörle-Popiesch, P.; Tinschert, K.; Trautmann, N.; Uusitalo, J.; Yeremin, A. V. (2016). "Review of even element super-heavy nuclei and search for element 120". The European Physics Journal A. 2016 (52). Bibcode:2016EPJA...52..180H. doi:10.1140/epja/i2016-16180-4.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
↑ "Gas chemical investigation of bohrium (Bh, element 107)" Naka-arkibo 2008-02-28 sa Wayback Machine., Eichler et al., GSI Annual Report 2000. Nakuha noong 2008-02-29

[ioniz-1] Johnson, E.; Fricke, B.; Jacob, T.; Dong, C. Z.; Fritzsche, S.; Pershina, V. (2002). "Ionization potentials and radii of neutral and ionized species of elements 107 (bohrium) and 108 (hassium) from extended multiconfiguration Dirac–Fock calculations". The Journal of Chemical Physics. 116 (5): 1862–1868. Bibcode:2002JChPh.116.1862J. doi:10.1063/1.1430256.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Haire-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 ^2.3 Hoffman, Darleane C.; Lee, Diana M.; Pershina, Valeria (2006). "Transactinides and the future elements". Sa Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean (mga pat.). The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (ika-3rd (na) edisyon). Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer Science+Business Media. ISBN 1-4020-3555-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[hcp-3] 3.0 ^3.1 Östlin, A.; Vitos, L. (2011). "First-principles calculation of the structural stability of 6d transition metals". Physical Review B. 84 (11). Bibcode:2011PhRvB..84k3104O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.84.113104.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[density-4] Gyanchandani, Jyoti; Sikka, S. K. (10 Mayo 2011). "Physical properties of the 6 d -series elements from density functional theory: Close similarity to lighter transition metals". Physical Review B. 83 (17): 172101. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.83.172101.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[kratz-5] Kratz; Lieser (2013). Nuclear and Radiochemistry: Fundamentals and Applications (ika-3rd (na) edisyon). p. 631.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Fricke1975-6] Fricke, Burkhard (1975). "Superheavy elements: a prediction of their chemical and physical properties". Recent Impact of Physics on Inorganic Chemistry. Structure and Bonding. 21: 89–144. doi:10.1007/BFb0116498. ISBN 978-3-540-07109-9. Nakuha noong 4 Oktubre 2013.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[rsc-7] Chemical Data. Bohrium - Bh, Royal Chemical Society

[NUBASE2020-8] Kondev, F. G.; Wang, M.; Huang, W. J.; Naimi, S.; Audi, G. (2021). "The NUBASE2020 evaluation of nuclear properties" (PDF). Chinese Physics C. 45 (3): 030001. doi:10.1088/1674-1137/abddae.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[Bh271-9] FUSHE (2012). "Synthesis of SH-nuclei". Nakuha noong Agosto 12, 2016.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[274Bh-10] Oganessian, Yuri Ts.; Abdullin, F. Sh.; Bailey, P. D.; atbp. (2010-04-09). "Synthesis of a New Element with Atomic Number Z=117". Physical Review Letters. American Physical Society. 104 (142502). Bibcode:2010PhRvL.104n2502O. doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.142502. PMID 20481935.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) (gives life-time of 1.3 min based on a single event; conversion to half-life is done by multiplying with ln(2).)

[Hofmann2016-11] Hofmann, S.; Heinz, S.; Mann, R.; Maurer, J.; Münzenberg, G.; Antalic, S.; Barth, W.; Burkhard, H. G.; Dahl, L.; Eberhardt, K.; Grzywacz, R.; Hamilton, J. H.; Henderson, R. A.; Kenneally, J. M.; Kindler, B.; Kojouharov, I.; Lang, R.; Lommel, B.; Miernik, K.; Miller, D.; Moody, K. J.; Morita, K.; Nishio, K.; Popeko, A. G.; Roberto, J. B.; Runke, J.; Rykaczewski, K. P.; Saro, S.; Scheidenberger, C.; Schött, H. J.; Shaughnessy, D. A.; Stoyer, M. A.; Thörle-Popiesch, P.; Tinschert, K.; Trautmann, N.; Uusitalo, J.; Yeremin, A. V. (2016). "Review of even element super-heavy nuclei and search for element 120". The European Physics Journal A. 2016 (52). Bibcode:2016EPJA...52..180H. doi:10.1140/epja/i2016-16180-4.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)

[00Ei01-12] "Gas chemical investigation of bohrium (Bh, element 107)" Naka-arkibo 2008-02-28 sa Wayback Machine., Eichler et al., GSI Annual Report 2000. Nakuha noong 2008-02-29

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

Mga sanggunian

pFad - (p)hone/(F)rame/(a)nonymizer/(d)eclutterfier! Saves Data!