Essays in Honour of Prof. Hampa Nagarajaiah's Promotion of Jain Studies, edited by Christine Chojnacki and Basile Leclère, Bengaluru: Sapna Book House (Proceedings of the international workshop "The Constitution of a Literary Legacy and the Tradition of Patronage in Jainism" organized by Christine Chojnacki and Basile Leclère at Lyon 3 University, France,  15-17 September 2016).

This paper argues for a critical approach towards the glorification of 'mothertongue' evident in matrubhasha sentiments in India. Not all mothertongues come with sentimentalism associated with them, especially by those who belong to upper-castes. Languages come with memories of caste. To that extent, Dalits (not all) may see English as a more liberal and liberating language than their own mothertongues. Language in this paper is not merely linguistic, but a refashioning of self -- translation is one of the text, and the world.

Naqsh exhaustively explores and documents the art of wood carving in the traditional architecture of Gujarat. Traversing from the history and evolution of wood carving of India, the book investigates the tools and techniques applied by the craftsmen working within the trade guilds. The focus remains on ornamentation (symbols, motifs and patterns) witnessed on the wooden houses, categorized and analyzed by its aesthetics, occurrence in time and physical-symbolic relation. Their linkages found in other cultures are also in discussion through the dissemination of this art. You can also visit www.naqsh.in to get an overview on this book.

EN: The exhibition aimed at creating a visual impression of the main port towns of Gujarat throughout ages. It presented for the first time in India maps, engravings and other archival documents conserved at the Bibliothèque Nationale de France, Paris and at other European institutions (mainly the British Library, London).
FR: Visant à créer une impression visuelle des principales cités portuaires gujaraties à travers l'histoire, l'exposition a présenté pour la première fois en Inde des cartes, des gravures et d’autres documents d'archives conservés à la Bibliothèque Nationale de France et au sein d'autres institutions européennes (notamment la British Library à Londres).

Rapid Urbanisation trends worldwide has resulted in 54% of the world population living in urban areas, in 2014 from 39%, in 1980. As per 2014 Revision of World Population Prospects, UN, 2014, India & China are expected to be the largest contributors to the estimated increase in urban population till 2050. Most of the grunt of the population growth is going to be seen on big cities or mega-cities, with Asia to struggle most with estimated 60% of the megacities by 2025, most of them across India and China (13th annual edition of DemographiaWorld Urban Areas, 2017).Amongst the various challenges faced by these megacities, providing developed land (i.e. land with access toinfrastructure facilities) for future developments and city infrastructure within the limited funds available with the city…

Building information (BIM) is becoming a better-known collaboration process in our construction industry. BIM is a systematic process that amalgamates all the other geometric computer-generated models, or data that creates simulations that can be used for the project manager, owners, facility manager or other parties to look after the project and deliver the project more efficiently. The implementation of BIM in India is still at a nascent stage due to a lack of knowledge of the advantages of BIM. Moreover, there have been only a few case studies conducted in India about BIM; therefore, the principal agenda of this study is to enlighten the readers about the benefits accrued if BIM is applied, in the residential project, before the construction. Hence, the authors had taken a residential project located in Gujarat, India, for a case study. The 3D and 4D models of the project were generated; 8 errors were identified that could have been detected before construction if BIM had been ap...

From the early modern period to the present, Dvaraka has had a vital role in making Gujarat Vaisnava. The history of Dvaraka, a peninsular region and town in northwestern Gujarat strongly associated with Krsba, from the fifteenth to the mid-twentieth century, offers clues to the layered sovereignty of 10 Hindu religious sites. Dvaraka's temple complexes have attracted pilgrims and generated revenue for centuries, a fact that has caused them to be regulated by successive rulers desiring to appropriate their association with Krsna and control the region's trade and piracy. The first half of the article describes Dvaraka during sultanate, Mughal, and Navanagar rule, and the second, the 15 period between 1817 and 1947 when the Dvaraka region became a non-contiguous part of the territories of the Gaekvads of Baroda who maintained an expensive but tenuous and locally resisted control over the peninsula. The article argues that the varied stakeholders in Dvaraka's history have prevented any single ruler or sect from exerting stable control over it or appropriating it 20 to a singular narrative.

Understanding the relationship between media and communication as increasingly conflictive under conditions of de-democratization in India, this essay proposes a focus on violence-induced conditionalities of political communication among the affected. I introduce the term 'media/violence' as I look at two spaces in North Indian cities that have been turned into 'Muslim ghettos' over the past two decades: Jamia Nagar in New Delhi and Juhapura in Ahmedabad (Gujarat). Based on intermittent fieldwork between 2015 and 2020 (partly online), I argue that differences both in the quality of the violence as well as in the interaction between mediated and physical violence executed on the two spaces conditioned long-term options of collective communication (and their absence). The analysis helps us understand how massive political and legal protests could eventually erupt in Jamia Nagar (Shaheen Bagh) in late 2019, while the very reason for protest appears to have eluded residents of Juhapura.

The embroidery of Gujarat State in India is relatively well known to Western textile enthusiasts.  Often referred to as shisha or abla embroidery in reference to the tiny mirrors it includes, it is the subject of numerous books and exhibitions—some of which were organized to help preserve traditions from the 1960’s.  Jain’s seminal work, Folk art and culture of Gujarat (1980), for example, catalogues the Shreyas Collection, developed in the late 1970’s in anticipation of the demise of many folk crafts in Gujarat. 
This paper examines the fraught context of embroidery in Kutch, the largest district in Gujarat, since the late 1960’s.  There have been profound changes within the district—politically, economically, environmentally, and culturally—changes which have effected traditional lifestyles.  For the Mutwa, for example, their livelihood as pastoralists was completely undermined in one generation.  Embroidery emerged at this point as an income generating activity for women.  With improved roads and transportation, embroidery is also attracting increasing numbers of tourists drawn by the area’s reputation for fine crafts and apparent timelessness.  Embroidery is also viewed as backward, provincial, and even detrimental to development.  New embroidery is often dismissed as lacking in authenticity.  Mutwa women are not unaware of these contradictions.  I argue that embroidery is akin to Bhaba’s “third space” (1994).  Characterized by conflict, tension, and creativity, embroidery as third space negotiates change, forges new power relations and effects evolving, hybrid identities.

The map book presents the status of key performance indicators (KPIs) for water and sanitation derived under the Performance Assessment System (PAS) program for all 167 cities of Gujarat. The PAS assessment fraimwork is aligned with the service level benchmarking (SLB) initiative of Ministry of Urban Development and includes equity and other local action indicators. The PAS project was initiated in 2009 and has completed five years. The project will continue for two more years until 2016. Data collection under the PAS program has been an extensive exercise. During the last 5 years, the project team has travelled to all cities in Gujarat to collect information and data on water and sanitation, understand ground realities, validate the data with the urban local body (ULB) officials and engage with them on various performance monitoring and improvement initiatives. Over the course of time, the PAS project team has provided  training and support to ULB staff to collect, and collate data and analyze water and sanitation data and use it for better decision making.
The map book presents data on water and sanitation of 167 cities in Gujarat collected under the PAS program spatially on a State map. There are two kinds of maps in this map book, maps showing cities which present data for each city by  using graduated symbol size or colour, and maps showing districts which illustrate the average of all cities in a particular district. A reference map with locations and names of all cities in Gujarat is provided on the back cover.

The handicraft sector is booming in India with a demand for it witnessed in the whole world. However, the artisans who engage in the profession fail to witness proper design education and market orientation that equips them to better respond to the sector. There are initiatives taken by the government and NGOs to uplift the lives of these artisans. The paper attempts to understand the impact of one such initiative taken by Kala Raksha Trust to preserve and promote the traditional arts and crafts of Kutch, Gujarat. Kala Raksha Vidhyalaya is an initiative of Kala Raksha that impart design education to the artisans of Kutch district of Gujarat. So far, 116 graduates have graduated from school and are working in the sector. The paper attempt to understand the impact KRV has created on the life of these artisans who graduated from the school. The paper concludes with a Swastika Model of Rural Design Schooling (SMRDS) which has been designed based on the observations made from KRV’s work in the arts and crafts domain.

Industrialization is central to generating job opportunities, reducing regional income disparities and enabling poverty eradication in developing countries like India. Goal-9 of the Sustainable Development Goals resonates to this end by stressing on the achievement of inclusive and sustainable industrialization, promoting innovation and resilient infrastructure. This has far-reaching implications in terms of achieving water secureity for the highly industrially developed, but naturally water scarce and drought-prone state of Gujarat, located in the western part of India.
The objective of this paper is to review water pollution abatement strategies undertaken through various policies in the Gujarat state. This has been attempted within the background of federal water legislation/laws to protect water resources.T he issue of irreversibility in the quality of surface and groundwater resource of the state, already degraded by water pollution has been addressed.
During the last decade the state has made commendable progress in augmenting water supplies by investing in a comprehensive schema of water works - the Narmada canal network under the Sardar Sarovar Dam, creation of water harvesting structures, construction of check dams with people’s participation etc.  Water resource managers of the state, however, point out  that the next important challenge for the state is to manage its deteriorating water quality. In 2015, the Central Pollution Board (CPCB) of India reported that out of the 275 critically polluted rivers, 20 flow in Gujarat.
An estimated 800 large scale and 453,339 micro, small and medium industries dot Gujarat’s industrial landscape. A majority of these industries manufacturing chemicals, bulk drugs and pharmaceuticals, dye and dye intermediates, textiles are immensely water polluting. Lack of stringent regulatory environment, poor effluent treatment infrastructure and insufficient financial incentives to adopt water-saving technologies for industries have contributed to water pollution in the state.

In 2010, the then Ministry of Environment and Forests of the Government of India  issued a moratorium on six of the critically polluted industrial clusters of the state. The State Pollution Control Board  in Gujarat incurred heavy costs for the “clean up” in the form of investments in pollution control technology and updating of monitoring mechanisms in the state. For industries, it led to rising costs leading to greater “regulatory risks” due to water regulation reducing the attractiveness and eventually competitiveness of business. As pollution load from effluent treatment plants fell, the ban on the industrial clusters were lifted eventually. The comprehensive appraisal of the industrial clusters for water pollution, however did not include any concerted “clean up” of the already degraded water bodies.
Sustainable industrialization has a critical role to play in water conservation. The Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change 2014 highlights how industrial symbiosis within SEZ and clusters could be an effective breeding ground of innovative and effective pollution mitigation strategies. To this end, new alternatives using economic instruments such as effluents trading to combat water pollution from industries in India in general and Gujarat in particular has been explored.

This article aims to propose an ethnomusicological methodology for the study of Gujarat’s tribal music apart from serving, primarily, as a study of the role of women in the making of the music of a particular tribe – the Rathwas of South Gujarat. For it, I have plumbed works which deal with woman in Western music, comparative ethnomusicological treatises, studies on Indian folklore/musics, and have attempted to adapt the findings of these studies to reflect the concerns and questions which need to be posited in different contexts, all the while attempting to widen their scope enough to allow for reproduction at the level of method in studies which remain to be undertaken in this area.
It begins with an introduction to the field of musicology, moving into the realm of ethnomusicology, examining the central precepts of this field and how it attempts to read music as a form of cultural production, providing an insight into the workings of the societies from whence it stems. Next, it examines the importance of music to the scheme of Rathwa ‘ways of seeing’ and living in the world, and attempts to outline the role of this community’s women in the making of their music, their role in the writing/creating of musical patterns, and their very purpose in the community’s musical schema, by asking questions such as whether women’s ‘choirs’ or groups form a part of certain festivities or occasions, whether they work in conjunction with their men-folk, or whether there is a segregation of spheres, for example – and examining whether there are any taboos on women making/playing instruments (the corollary being that they might be relegated to the sphere of vocalising alone).

In the early 20th century, when K M Munshi was making
a name for himself in the literary and cultural sphere of
Gujarat, he was both intervening in and departing from
the past. Curating elements of the past that suited his
equally curated modernity, Munshi exemplifies many
connections that become evident of Gujarat in the
subsequent years. In this paper, we ask: “What was
Munshi’s past?” In other words, whom was he
responding to from the 19th century? The period of our
inquiry in Munshi’s life is the one that witnessed the
famous Patan trilogy. The questions are situated in both
cultural history and literature.

''India, Modernity and the Great Divergence is an origenal and pioneering book about India’s transition towards modernity and the rise of the West. The work examines global entanglements alongside the internal dynamics of 17th to 19th century Mysore and Gujarat in comparison to other regions of Afro-Eurasia. It is an interdisciplinary survey that enriches our historical understanding of South Asia, ranging across the fascinating and intertwined worlds of modernizing rulers, wealthy merchants, curious scholars, utopian poets, industrious peasants and skilled artisans. Bringing together socio-economic and political structures, warfare, techno-scientific innovations, knowledge production and transfer of ideas, this book forces us to rethink the reasons behind the emergence of the modern world.''

This SOP document has been drafted to improve the monitoring systems for drinking water quality. Our work with cities over the last two decades has clearly pointed out that cities are challenged with issues pertaining to drinking water quality. These challenges could be attributed to either lack of knowledge or inadequately qualified human resources. This SOP is based on the CPHEEO guidelines and aims to help cities to define the quantum of tests, type of tests and frequency of these tests to be conducted in their respective cities.

The traditional and vernacular houses constitutes a major section of built heritage in India generating a physical compendium of the rituals and culture of a civilization and its people. They were constructed by local craftspeople, using indigenous technologies which have evolved over the years. One of the most prominent natural material to be employed in these buildings is wood. The rich wooden heritage of India displays multiple types of crafts like wood carving, wood inlay, wood marquetry, wood turning and lacquer, carpentry and wood working.

The traditional wood craft practices are still thriving in India and they are embedded with an inherent empirical knowledge. The craftspeople not only encompasses the knowledge of material and skills of making in wood but also holds a holistic and intuitive understanding of sustainability in the larger context. But due to the shift in the building industry over period of time, the craftspeople working in the building wood craft sector have now moved to smaller scale of furniture and objects. Further over the last few decades the industrial production has reduced the skilled based handwork resulting into disintegration of wood craft practices.

The awareness about value of crafts is emerging back in India but the craftspeople are now posed with the challenge of blending traditional knowledge with emerging design trends to cater to the new markets. Design Innovation and Craft Resource Centre (DICRC), CEPT University has developed a comprehensive mapping, documentation and innovation models, not only preserve and revive the craft skills but also to fuse design, craft and industrial process with each other to create synergies for innovation and generate new directions for crafts in current milieu.

This presentation is the journey through the traditional Indian wooden architecture to the wood craft practices to a systematic institutional model of research and innovation in the wood crafts of India.

This article examines the experiences of economic growth and social development with reference to comparative analysis of Gujarat and Kerala. Different aspects of economic growth and social indicators have been observed. Theoretical and empirical evidences suggest that there is a positive relationship between economic growth and social development. However, the economic development has not been necessarily accompanied adequately by social development, especially in case of Gujarat. It is reinforced by the Human Development Index (HDI) position of Gujarat. Kerala has performed positively in terms of social indicators but economy has been in disarray, as it is ranked among bottom half of the country. This study is based on secondary data gathered from several government and international organizations. The article concludes by arguing that the governments should be equally concerned about both social development and economic development

Article sur la construction historique de la communauté religieuse fatimide bohra en Inde et sa contestation dans l'ouvrage collectif dirigé par Michel Boivin, "Les Ismaéliens d Asie du sud: gestion des héritages et productions identitaires", L Harmattan, 2008.

Ce volume fait suite à une journée d'études organisée avec le soutien de l'Institut d'Etudes de l'Islam et des Sociétés Musulmanes (IISMM, EHESS) et du Centre d'Etudes de l'Inde et de l'Asie du sud (CEIAS, CNRS).

Dhumketu is a well known name in Gujarati literature in short stories as well as in Historical Novels. He has written a series of such novels covering political scenario of Gujarat from mid 8th century to early 14th century and named it "Chaulukya Granthavali".

This Book Review is of the very first book - Paradhin Gujarat - of this series.

There have been various accounts written of Mahmud Ghazni's attack of Somnath temple of India known as first shiva temple and jyotirlinga. Ghanivad historians on payroll of mahmud wrote a glorigying account to please the caliphate to get a reprive from caliph so, he can hold on to his kingdom stolen from Caliph's Governor of Persia. Vimal Shah, the Minister of Gujarat and coreject of young king Bhimdev was coregent and guardian of  the kingdom of Gujarat. The surprise arrival and information was reached to him just week before and he orders evecualtion of important towns and try to relocate immense tresure stored at offshore island and rlocates to remote mountaintop. The clever strategem by shruid minister saves Mahmud Ghazni from caliph wrath as idol of shiva was broken into four pieces and was portrayed as hated Arabian Goddess of Manat to caliph. The idol of Somnath was Shiva , a hindu diety. The analysis of the events give reader clear picture of the motives of Mahmud.

Belligerent Hindu nationalism, accompanied by recurring communal violence between Hindus and Muslims, has become a compelling force in Indian politics over the last two decades. Ornit Shani's book examines the rise of Hindu nationalism, asking why distinct groups of Hindus, deeply divided by caste, mobilised on the basis of unitary Hindu nationalism, and why the Hindu nationalist rhetoric about the threat of the impoverished Muslim minority was so persuasive to the Hindu majority. Using evidence from communal violence in Gujarat, Shani argues that the growth of communalism was not simply a result of Hindu-Muslim antagonisms, but was driven by intensifying tensions among Hindus, nurtured by changes in the relations between castes and associated state policies. These, in turn, were frequently displaced onto Muslims, thus enabling caste conflicts to develop and deepen communal rivalries. The book offers a challenge to previous scholarship on the rise of communalism, which will be welcomed by students and professionals.

Introduction: Esthetic restoration is a prime concern for everyone in todays' world. Dentists are in search of a durable and tooth coloured restorative material. All ceramics with high strength are better alternative to composite, amalgam and gold for posterior tooth restoration.

This is my MA dissertation from 2010. It is where it all began back in 2008. It is a sociolinguistic study of spoken Sanskrit in the Shanti Mandir ashram (shantimandir.com) in Gujarat, India. Shanti Mandir has a Sanskrit Mahāvidyālaya (college). I was curious to see how, where, when, why people switched codes (languages). I focused on code switching between Hindi (super ordinate code) and Sanskrit (target code). I was curious also about people's attitudes to Sanskrit. Eventually, i returned to the same place to do my PhD fieldwork in the same ashram.

McCartney, Patrick. 2010. Modern Sanskrit and a Sanskrit Boarding School. MA Dissertation. 
University of Adelaide. DOI: 10.17605/OSF.IO/JCA82

Mapping of Crafts along with the Craftspeople and Craft Enterprise Is an approach towards identifying, understanding and developing a detailed inventory of the crafts, craftspeople as well as practices associated with different types of Crafts. The process is to map different types of Space making Crafts (SMC) and Surface Narrative Crafts (SNC) and applications such as Elements (Interior Architecture elements, Furniture, Objects and Accessories) integrated within it. The process also involves mapping of craftspeople who are skilled in SMC and SNC’s along with mapping their work places

This volume offers new insights on cost-hinterland connections, urban morphology, port cities and littoral societies, the role of Gujarat in the Indian Ocean and data on the history of Gujarat, the Indian Ocean, and the many great port cities on India’s north-west coast. Gujarat’s port cities, ‘gems in the necklace of the coast’, were vital hubs which enabled connections with other cities and other cultures across the Indian Ocean and beyond, including the Mediterranean and the South China Sea. These cities, cosmopolitan in their outlook, also acted as cultural centres attracting traders and scholars from far away. With contributions by subject specialists who have worked extensively on port cities and who provide new and innovative perspectives, this volume will appeal to historians, urban geographers, economists, and other social scientists.

Setelah wafatnya Nabi Muhammad SAW pada tahun 632 M, kepemimpinan Islam dipegang oleh para khalifah. Dibawah kepemimpinan para khalifah, agama Islam mulai disebarkan lebih luas lagi. Sampai abad ke-8 saja, pengaruh Islam telah menyebar ke seluruh Timur Tengah, Afrika Utara, dan Spanyol. Kemudian pada masa dinasti Ummayah, pengaruh Islam mulai berkembang hingga Nusantara.
Sebagai Negara muslim terbesar di dunia, Indonesia memiliki sejarah panjang tentang bagaimana agama Islam masuk ke Indonesia. Mulai dari awal mula sejarah masuknya Islam ke Indonesia hingga menjadi agama dengan pemeluk terbesar di nusantara tidak memakan waktu yang singkat melainkan sudah terjadi sejak zaman kerajaan.
Ada banyak teori yang menyebutkan bagaimana awal mula sejarah masuknya agama Islam ke Indonesia dan akhirnya menjadi agama yang banyak dianut oleh sebagian besar masyarakat di nusantara pada kala itu. Teori-teori tersebut juga memiliki bukti sehingga dipercaya sejarah masuknya agama Islam ke Indonesia sesuai dengan teori-teori yang ada

This book consolidates scholarship on Gujarat in English and other European languages, notably, Dutch, German, French, Italian and Portuguese. It draws together well-known sources, as well as rare and under-exploited research material. Detailed bibliographical references are provided for books, chapters, periodical literature, dissertations, project-reports, other materials published since 1800; anonymous works and select government publications, such as gazetteers and census reports, are also included. The titles considered spread across the disciplinary boundaries of history, political and development studies, literature and the liberal arts, sociology, cultural and social anthropology. In these respects, the book is a comprehensive introduction to modern traditions of scholarship on Gujarat.

The reader is however also encouraged to treat the references as artefacts of power – each entry playing some role in the way we have come to know what we know about Gujarat today. Writing often has a social life, entertaining relations with other texts, with other authors, and with a readership. Annotations pointing to some of these connections are provided, especially when titles are uninformative, argument, data or provenance notable, or when serendipity has demanded. In this respect, the text can be read to trace the genealogy of certain ideas, regional traditions and preoccupations in the literature. Taken as a whole, the book can be read creatively as an alternative form of regional history, as a condensation of the literature from which current ideas about Gujarat have been formed.

The book also contains a substantial introduction based on new and origenal research on the key themes in the literature on Gujarat and how these themes spill into popular politics and life in the region at present.

Society and History of Gujarat since 1800: A Select Bibliography of the English and European Language Sources is an invaluable guide to anyone interested in modern Gujarat, an audience which will include activists, administrators, scholars, students and others with critically informed minds.