DV DV D DV D VDV: RD Rs iRS o
DV DV D DV D VDV: RD Rs iRS o
DV DV D DV D VDV: RD Rs iRS o
With a similar way of analysis of single stage converter, the input/output voltage relation can be derived as given by:
RD RS i RS
DV DV D DV D
o
V DV 3(1 ) 3(1 )
2
(1) By neglecting the voltage drop (V , V ) then the output voltage is given by
RS RD
3(1 D) V DVi
o
(2) And
io o
VV DV 3 3
(3) where D is the duty cycle. 4. Applications Plate 1 shows a developed prototype for TEC cooling. This prototype uses 4 TECs of 15x15x3 mm size attached to the four sides. This prototype is tested using the converter and draw a current of 2 to 5 amps. Plate 1: A pre-developed TEC cooling prototypes. The Plate 2 shows the TEC modules attached to heat sink (30x17x4 cm), then the spaces have to be filled by polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) thin sheets, the cold side of TEC modules then being covered by an aluminum sheet as shown in Plate 2.
Plate 2: TEC modules attached to heat sink
polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) sheets is used as a cabinet enclosure for testing the TEC functionality. The TEC was connected as a parallel of two series connected TECs, these TECs require a current of about 12A, which is provided by the converter. 5. Results A. Simulation Software The SIMCAD program is used for the evaluation of the proposed circuit. The PWM control driving signal for power MOSFETs can be generated by PWM IC control model using current or voltage mode voltage regulation. The useful of power measurement integrated feature allows easier observation for system dynamic performance. The power switched considered to be ideal thought out circuit simulation, so it will be operated as a traditional switch in ON and OFF states. B. Measured and Simulated Results Figure 5 shows the simulation of input and output current waveforms, the upper is the converter output current and the lower is the input current.
Figure 5. The input and output current waveforms
Figure 6 show the measured waveform of the voltage across the power switch S1 was matched with the waveform obtained from simulation that is illustrated in Figure 7. Also Figure 7 shows the simulated current