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    Geo-Mechanics AND Geo - Technical Engineering

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    Abu Naser
    This document discusses key concepts in geomechanics and geotechnical engineering, including definitions of stress, strain, and different types of stresses. It defines stress as the internal resistance of a material to external forces, and strain as the degree of distortion of a material under load. There are three main types of stresses discussed: normal stress, which acts perpendicular to a surface; shear stress, which acts parallel to a surface; and bearing stress, which is a compressive normal stress that occurs at the contact surface between two interacting members. Formulas are provided for calculating normal, shear, and bearing stresses based on the applied force and cross-sectional area.

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    Geo-Mechanics AND Geo - Technical Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Abu Naser
    29 views18 pages
    This document discusses key concepts in geomechanics and geotechnical engineering, including definitions of stress, strain, and different types of stresses. It defines stress as the internal resistance of a material to external forces, and strain as the degree of distortion of a material under load. There are three main types of stresses discussed: normal stress, which acts perpendicular to a surface; shear stress, which acts parallel to a surface; and bearing stress, which is a compressive normal stress that occurs at the contact surface between two interacting members. Formulas are provided for calculating normal, shear, and bearing stresses based on the applied force and cross-sectional area.

    Original Description:

    Geology

    Original Title

    PME- 331 Geomechanics

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    This document discusses key concepts in geomechanics and geotechnical engineering, including definitions of stress, strain, and different types of stresses. It defines stress as the internal resistance of a material to external forces, and strain as the degree of distortion of a material under load. There are three main types of stresses discussed: normal stress, which acts perpendicular to a surface; shear stress, which acts parallel to a surface; and bearing stress, which is a compressive normal stress that occurs at the contact surface between two interacting members. Formulas are provided for calculating normal, shear, and bearing stresses based on the applied force and cross-sectional area.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
    29 views18 pages

    Geo-Mechanics AND Geo - Technical Engineering

    Uploaded by

    Abu Naser
    This document discusses key concepts in geomechanics and geotechnical engineering, including definitions of stress, strain, and different types of stresses. It defines stress as the internal resistance of a material to external forces, and strain as the degree of distortion of a material under load. There are three main types of stresses discussed: normal stress, which acts perpendicular to a surface; shear stress, which acts parallel to a surface; and bearing stress, which is a compressive normal stress that occurs at the contact surface between two interacting members. Formulas are provided for calculating normal, shear, and bearing stresses based on the applied force and cross-sectional area.

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    GEOMECHANICS

    AND
    GEOTECHNICAL
    ENGINEERING

    Concepts of Stress
    Stress is the internal resistance, or counterforce, of
    a material to the distortion effects of an external
    force or load.
    These counter forces tend to return at their normal
    positions. The total resistance developed is equal to
    the external. This resistance is known as stress.
    Stress (s) can be equated load per unit area, or
    the force (F) applied per cross-sectional area (A)
    perpendicular to the force as shown in the Equation
    below

    Concepts of Strain
    When a metal/rock body is subjected to a load
    (force), it is normally distorted or deformed. If the load
    is small, the distortion will probably disappear when
    the load is removed.
    The intensity, or degree, of distortion is known as
    strain.
    If the distortion disappears and the metal returns to
    its or
    dimensions upon removal of the load, the strain is
    called elastic strain.
    If the distortion disappears and the metal remains

    NORMAL STRESS
    A normal stress results when a member is
    subjected to an axial load applied through the
    centroid of the cross section.
    It is symbolized by the Greek letter sigma ,
    The average normal stress in the member is
    obtained by dividing the magnitude of the resultant
    internal force F by the cross sectional area A. Normal
    stress is-

    Normal stress
    Shearing stress
    Bearing stress

    Stress acts in a direction perpendicular to the cut


    surface, it is referred to as a NORMAL stress.
    Thus, normal stressed may be either tensile or
    compressive. Here sign convention for normal stresses
    is:
    Tensile stresses are positive (+)
    Compressive stresses are negative (-)

    SHEAR STRESS (Simple or Direct Shear)


    A shear stress results when a member is subjected
    to a force that is parallel or tangent to the surface.
    It is symbolized by the Greek letter tau ,
    The average shear stress in the member is
    obtained by dividing the magnitude of the resultant
    shear force V by the cross sectional area A. Shear
    stress is:

    BEARING STRESS
    A bearing stress is a compressive normal stress
    that occurs on the surface of contact between two
    interacting members.
    It is symbolized by the Greek letter sigma b,
    The average normal stress in the member is
    obtained by dividing the magnitude of the bearing
    force F by the area of interest. Bearing stress is

    STRESS DISTRIBUTION UNDER AXIAL LOADING


    As previously mentioned, we generally assume the normal stress
    distribution in an axially loaded member is uniform, except near the
    vicinity of the applied load.

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