Stomach and Its Secretions

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Stomach and its secretions

Dr Raghuveer

The Stomach

mucous cells: produce mucus


The bottom part of the pits is the gastric gland.

parietal cells: produce HCl and intrinsic factor G cells: produce hormones that regulate digestion

chief cells: produce pepsinogen

Gastrin secreted by G cells in gastric gland not into gastric juice but in blood is a hormone

stimulates
1) the secretion of HCl and pepsinogen 2) motility of the large intestine

MUCOUS SECRETION

The surface epithelial cells of the stomach secrete visible mucous (slightly opaque) that lines the surface of the stomach. Visible mucous contains crosslinked mucins (glycoproteins) that form an almost gelatinous coating which contains relatively high concentrations of bicarbonate ion

This coating protects the stomach epithelium from gastric acid and pepsin. Glycosylation of mucin makes it relatively resistant to proteolysis by pepsin.

Soluble mucous

A second type of mucous, soluble mucous, is secreted along with the gastric juice from the gastric pits to lubricate the food bolus and facilitate mixing. Soluble mucous also contains mucins, but they are not crosslinked, and consequently, produce a less viscous fluid.

Self protection of the stomach from HCl and pepsin by

HCl

1) a highly alkaline mucous coat. 2) rapid replacement of epithelial cells (3-6 d) 3) tight junctions between epithelial cells

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