Scribd
Upload
325 views28 pages

EE503 Topic 5

This document discusses integrated circuit packaging technology. It covers the key steps in IC final assembly including backgrinding, die separation, die attach, and wire bonding. It then discusses traditional assembly methods like epoxy, eutectic, and glass frit die attach. The document also covers advanced packaging techniques such as flip chip, ball grid array, multichip module, chip-on-board, tape automated bonding, and chip scale packaging which allow for higher density, more reliable, and faster circuits. Finally, it discusses the functions and materials used in IC packaging.

Uploaded by

smalyqa
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
325 views28 pages

EE503 Topic 5

This document discusses integrated circuit packaging technology. It covers the key steps in IC final assembly including backgrinding, die separation, die attach, and wire bonding. It then discusses traditional assembly methods like epoxy, eutectic, and glass frit die attach. The document also covers advanced packaging techniques such as flip chip, ball grid array, multichip module, chip-on-board, tape automated bonding, and chip scale packaging which allow for higher density, more reliable, and faster circuits. Finally, it discusses the functions and materials used in IC packaging.

Uploaded by

smalyqa
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 28

Topic 5: Integrated Circuit Packaging Technology

By Engr. Hoo Mow Heng By En. Mohd Noralimi Mohd Ali

Introduction
Chips that pass the wafer sort test undergo final assembly and packaging. IC final assembly separates each good die from the wafer and attaches the die to a metal leadframe or substrate. IC packaging encloses the die in a protective package.

Steps In IC Final Assembly


IC final assembly consists of four steps:
1. 2. 3. 4. Backgrind die separation die attach Wire bonding

Backgrind reduces the wafer thickness to the appropriate dimension. Die separation cuts each die from the wafer. Die attach is the physical attachment of the die to the leadframe or substrate. Wirebonding attaches fine-diameter wires between die bonding pads and the terminals of the leadframe to form electrical connections. All assembled and packaged chips undergo a final electrical test for IC reliability.

Traditional Assembly and Packaging

Wafer Saw and Sliced Wafer

Die Attach Process


Die attach is done by epoxy attach, eutectic attach and glass frit attach. The common epoxy attach method bonds the chip to the leadframe using epoxy. Eutectic attach, common for bipolar ICs, uses a thin film of gold on the backside of the wafer that is alloyed with the metallized surface of the leadframe. Glass frit attach uses a mixture of silver and glass in an organic medium to attach chips in a ceramic package.

Typical Leadframe for Die Attach

Epoxy Die Attach

Tie Bar Removal from Leadframe

Au-Si Eutectic Attach

Wire Bonding Process


The three basic types of wirebonding are: thermocompression bonding, ultrasonic bonding and thermosonic ball bonding. Thermal energy and pressure are used in Thermocompression Bonding. Ultrasonic Bonding is based on ultrasonic energy and pressure to form a wedge bond between the wire and pad. Thermosonic Ball Bonding combines ultrasonic energy, heat and pressure to form a ball bond.

Wirebonding Chip to Leadframe

Thermocompression Bonds

Ultrasonic Wirebonding Sequence

Thermosonic Ball Bond

Functions of IC packaging
1. Protection from the environment and handling damage. 2. Interconnections for signals into and out of the chip. 3. Physical support of the chip. 4. Heat dissipation.

Inside of an ordinary IC package (dual in-line package)

(encapsulation)

IC packaging material
1. Plastic
Plastic packaging uses an epoxy polymer to encapsulate the wirebonded die and leadframe. This technology has many different types of plastic packages.

2. Ceramic
Ceramic packaging is used for state-of-the-art IC packages that require either maximum reliability or high-power. The two main types of ceramic packaging are either a refractory (high temperature) ceramic or ceramic DIP (CERDIP) technology. Both have a hermetic seal (sealed against moisture).

3. Metal

Plastic Packages

CERDIP Package

Ceramic with Pin Grid Array

Advanced IC Packaging Techniques


New packaging designs are being introduced to provide for more reliable, faster and higherdensity circuits at lower cost. Advanced packaging designs include: 1. Flip chip 2. Ball grid array (BGA) 3. Multichip module (MCM) 4. Chip-on-board (COB) 5. Ttape automated bonding (TAB) 6. Chip scale package (CSP)

Flip Chip Package

Flip chip packaging mounts the active side of a chip toward the substrate. It uses bump technology (typically solder bumps) to form the interconnection between the chip and substrate. An epoxy underfill is used around the area-array of bumps to improve reliability.

Ball Grid Array

Ball grid array (BGA) uses a ceramic or plastic substrate with an area array of solder balls to connect the substrate to the circuit board. To lower costs, this technology is readily integrated into standard surface mount assembly.

Multichip Module (MCM)

Multichip module (MCM) has several die assembled onto one substrate. This permits a higher density of chips.

Chip on Board (COB)

Chip on board (COB) mounts IC chips directly to the substrate, along side other surface mount (SMT) or pin-in-hole (PIH) components.

Tape Automated Bonding (TAB)

Tape automated bonding (TAB) uses a plastic tape as a chip carrier. The tape has a thin copper foil that is etched to form the leads. The chip and leads are removed from the carrier prior to assembly onto the circuit board.

Chip scale packaging (CSP) has an IC package that is about the same size as the silicon chip (< 1.2 times the footprint of the die). This is a fast growing method of advanced packaging, and provides for lower cost, lower weight and lower thickness.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy