CH 9 Worksheets

Organizing the Elements
Understanding Main Ideas

The diagram below is a square from the periodic table. Label the four facts about each element.
Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.

5. In what order did Mendeleev arrange the elements in the periodic table?
6. What do elements in the same column in the periodic table have in common?
7. What can you predict about an element from its position in the periodic table?
Building Vocabulary
Word Bank: properties, atomic number, atomic mass, chemical symbol, proton, period 8. An elements ________________ is its row in the periodic table. 9. The ___________________________________ of an element is the average mass of all isotopes of that element. 10. A(n) ___________________________________ is an abbreviation for the name of an element and usually has either one or two letters. 11. A positively charged particle in an atoms nucleus is called a(n) _________________. 12. An elements ___________________ can be predicted from its location on the periodic table. 13. The average mass of all the isotopes of an element is called the ___________________________________. 14. The modern periodic table is arranged in order of increasing ___________________________________. 15. Information found on the periodic table for each element includes its atomic number, ___________________________________, name, and atomic mass.
Organizing the Elements

Read the passage and look at the diagram and table below it. Then use a separate sheet of paper to answer the questions that follow.
Properties of a Missing Element

To some scientists of the early 1870s, Dmitri Mendeleevs periodic table of the elements was not very good. They criticized the table because it had gaps in it. Mendeleev, however, believed the gaps would someday be filled by elements that had not yet been discovered. In 1871, he predicted some of the properties of a yet-to-be-discovered element. He called it ekasilicon. The missing element was not discovered until 1886. Imagine you are a chemist living in 1880. Study the section of the periodic table shown below as well as the accompanying table of properties. (Scientists in 1880 hadnt learned what atomic numbers are. They also used bonding power to describe the number of chemical bonds an element could form.)
Some Properties of Selected Elements Element Silicon (Si) Gallium* (Ga) Ekasilicon Arsenic (As) Tin (Sn) Color steel gray gray-black ? silver to gray-black gray-white Atomic Mass 28 70 ? 75 119 Bonding Power 4 3 ? 3 4
*One of Mendeleevs original missing elements, which was discovered in 1875. 1. Which elements would you use to predict the properties of ekasilicon? Why? 2. What color would you expect ekasilicon to be? 3. How many chemical bonds would you expect ekasilicon to form? 4. What atomic mass would you expect ekasilicon to have? Why?
Nonmetals and Metalloids

Understanding Main Ideas
Complete the following table. Use a periodic table for reference.
Element Arsenic Sulfur Tin Neon Chlorine Silicon
Metal, Metalloid, or Nonmetal metalloid 2. metal 4. nonmetal 6.
Family Name 1. oxygen family 3. noble gas 5. carbon family
Answer the following question in the space provided.

7. Where in the periodic table are the nonmetals located? Where are the metalloids located?
Building Vocabulary
Word Bank: halogens, semiconductor, metalloid, non-metal, noble gas, diatomic molecule 8. A(n) _________________________________ is formed of two atoms. 9. The __________________ are a family of very reactive elements. 10. A type of element that has some of the properties of metals and some of nonmetals is called a(n) _________________. 11. The ____________________________________ are a family of unreactive elements. 12. A(n) __________________ is a type of element whose physical properties are generally opposite to those of metals. 13. A substance that carries electricity under certain circumstances, but not under other circumstances is called a(n) ______________.
Metals
Write the letter of the correct answer on the line at the left.
____ 1. If a material can easily be drawn into the shape of a wire, it is A C ductile malleable B D magnetic reactive
____2. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of most metals? A C brittle ductile B D good conductor malleable
____3. The metals of Group 1 are commonly called the A C transition metals lanthanides B D alkaline earth metals alkali metals
____4. One metal that is a liquid at room temperature is A C magnesium mercury B D manganese sodium
Building Vocabulary
Word Bank: corrosion, malleable, conductivity, ductile, reactivity, transition, heat, alkali, chemical 5. The reaction of a metal with oxygen to form rust is called ___________________. 6. A material that is ___________________ can be hammered into thin sheets and other shapes. 7. The ability to transmit heat or electricity to other objects is called ___________________. 8. A material that is ___________________ can be drawn into a wire. 9. ___________________ is the ease and speed with which an element combines with other substances.
10. Gold, which is in Group 11 on the periodic table, is an example of a(n) __________________ metal. 11. The family in the periodic table that contains the most reactive metals is the __________________ metals. 12. Thermal conductivity is the ability of an element to transfer __________________. 13. Reactivity is a(n) __________________ property of metals.
Models of Atoms
Read the passage and study the figure below it. Then answer the questions that follow the figure.
Exactly How Small Is It?

Measuring the size of an atom is not easy. For one thing, an atom is very, very tiny. Scientists, however, have developed several ways to estimate the relative sizes of atoms. For elements that exist as two identical molecules bonded together, such as oxygen and hydrogen, scientists can use a technique called X-ray diffraction to estimate the distance between the nuclei. Once scientists do that, they can calculate the atomic radius, which is one-half the distance between the nuclei. Its important to remember that the atomic radius is not a measurement of a single atoms size but only its size relative to other atoms. In other words, scientists know that oxygen atoms are larger than hydrogen atoms, but they dont know the exact size of any single atom of oxygen. When comparing sizes of atoms, one must be careful to compare sizes based on similar measuring techniques. The figure below shows the atomic radii of several elements. The atomic radius is given in units of picometers (pm). One picometer is equal to 0.000000000001 meter.
1. What determines the size of an atom? 2. Why is it difficult to measure the size of an atom? 3. What is the distance between nuclei in a hydrogen molecule (H2)? 4. What would be the distance between nuclei of a bromine molecule (Br2)? 5. What is the atomic radius of oxygen in meters? 6. Which atoms are relatively larger than oxygen atoms?

CH 9 Worksheets

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

CH 9 Worksheets

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

CH 9 Worksheets

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Organizing the Elements

Understanding Main Ideas

Answer the following questions in the spaces provided.

Organizing the Elements

Properties of a Missing Element

Nonmetals and Metalloids

Element Arsenic Sulfur Tin Neon Chlorine Silicon

Metal, Metalloid, or Nonmetal metalloid 2. metal 4. nonmetal 6.

Family Name 1. oxygen family 3. noble gas 5. carbon family

Answer the following question in the space provided.

Exactly How Small Is It?

You might also like

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.