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Computational Method Practice

The document provides examples of numerical problems involving iterative root-finding methods like bisection, Newton-Raphson, false position, and secant. The problems cover applications in fields like engineering, chemistry, and physics. They involve finding unknown values that satisfy equations related to topics like tank volumes, chemical concentrations, electric circuits, and reactor concentrations. The document presents the equations, initial values, and instructions to use specific iterative methods to solve each problem over multiple iterations.

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Abdul Majid Ia
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213 views

Computational Method Practice

The document provides examples of numerical problems involving iterative root-finding methods like bisection, Newton-Raphson, false position, and secant. The problems cover applications in fields like engineering, chemistry, and physics. They involve finding unknown values that satisfy equations related to topics like tank volumes, chemical concentrations, electric circuits, and reactor concentrations. The document presents the equations, initial values, and instructions to use specific iterative methods to solve each problem over multiple iterations.

Uploaded by

Abdul Majid Ia
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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January 2015 Semester

REVISION FOR TEST 1


1.

A spherical tank to hold water for a small village in a developing country

is

shown in FIGURE Q1.

FIGURE Q1
The volume of liquid it can hold can be computed as

V h 2

3R h
3

where V volume [m3],


h depth of water in tank [m], and

R the tank

radius [m].

If R 3 m, determine the depth of the tank to be filled so that it holds


30 m3 using three iterations of
a.

the false-position method. Find the approximate percent relative


error after the first iteration. Note that an initial guess of R

will

always converge.
[10 marks]
b.

the Newton-Raphson method. Find the approximate percent relative


error for each iteration. Note that an initial guess of R will always
converge.
[10 marks]

January 2015 Semester

2.

a.

A spherical storage tank shown in FIGURE Q2 containing oil


has radius of 10 cm.

FIGURE Q2
The volume of oil that the spherical tank can hold can be computed
as

V rh 2 h 3
3

where V is the volume, r is the radius and h is the height of wet


portion of the dipstick. Use four iterations of the bisection method to
determine h

when the tank contains 1000 cm3 volume of oil.

Compute the approximate percent relative error, a , after the first


iteration. Note that an initial guess of r will always converge.
[10 marks]
b.

The following equation pertains to the concentration of a chemical in a


completely mixed reactor:
C C in (1 e 0.05 t ) C 0 e 0.05 t .

If the initial concentration C 0 5

and the inflow concentration

C in 12 , compute the time (t ) required

for C to be equal to 10

using Newton-Raphson method with an initial guess of t 0 0 and


iterate until a 0.01% .
[10 marks]

January 2015 Semester

3. a. Given the system of linear equations

3 x1 x 2 x3 5
x1 4 x 2 2 x3 8
2 x1 x 2 4 x3 5.5
i.

Derive an LU decomposition for the coefficient matrix [ A] .


[4 marks]

ii.

Find the values of x1 , x 2

and x3

using [L]

and [U ]

matrices obtained in part (a)(i).


[3 marks]
iii.

Solve the given linear system for an alternative right-hand

6.5
side vector [B ] 7.5 .
8
[3 marks]

4.

In a chemical engineering process, water vapour (H 2O)

is heated to

sufficiently high temperatures that a significant portion of the water


dissociates, or splits apart, to form oxygen (O 2 ) and hydrogen (H 2 ) :

H 2O

H 2 + O2 .
2

If it is assumed that this is the only reaction involved, the mole fraction x
of H 2O that dissociates can be represented by

x
2 pt
,
1 x 2 x

where K = the reaction equilibrium constant and pt = the total pressure


of the mixture. If pt 3.5 atm and K 0.04 , determine the value of x
that satisfies the above equation using three iterations of
a.

bisection method with the initial guesses

xl 0.01 and xu 0.03 .

January 2015 Semester

Compute the approximate percent relative error, a , after the first


iteration.
[10 marks]
b.

modified secant method with the initial guess x0 0.01 and the
perturbation fraction, 0.01 . Compute the approximate percent
relative error, a , after each iteration.
[10 marks]

5.

An oscillating current in an electric circuit is described by

i 7 e t sin t 2
where i

is the current in amperes and t

is the time in seconds.

Determine the value of t such that i 3 using four iterations of


a.

the bisection method with initial guesses of t l 0

and t u 0.5 .

Find the approximate percent relative error after the first iteration.
[10 marks]
b.

the Newton-Raphson method with an initial guess of t 0 0.3 . Find


the approximate percent relative error for each iteration.
[10 marks]

January 2015 Semester

6.

a. The following system of equations is designed to


determine concentrations (the c s in g/m3) in a series of coupled
reactors as a function of the amount of mass input to each reactor (the
right- hand sides in g/day),

15c1 3c 2 c3 3300
3c1 18c 2 6c3 1200
4c1 c 2 12c3 2400
Determine the concentrations using the

LU

decomposition

method.
[10 marks]

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