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The document discusses dry gas seals, which are used to seal rotating shafts on gas compressors. Dry gas seals use process gas for sealing rather than oil, avoiding the need for complex lubrication and cooling systems. They have main parts similar to mechanical seals, but the rotating seat is profiled with spiral grooves that allow gas to enter and force the seal faces apart, maintaining a small operating clearance. The document describes the construction of dry gas seals, including tandem and single arrangements. It provides details on installing, removing, and replacing dry gas seals on compressors.

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44 views

Technical Training Centre PAGE-1

The document discusses dry gas seals, which are used to seal rotating shafts on gas compressors. Dry gas seals use process gas for sealing rather than oil, avoiding the need for complex lubrication and cooling systems. They have main parts similar to mechanical seals, but the rotating seat is profiled with spiral grooves that allow gas to enter and force the seal faces apart, maintaining a small operating clearance. The document describes the construction of dry gas seals, including tandem and single arrangements. It provides details on installing, removing, and replacing dry gas seals on compressors.

Uploaded by

msaqibraza93
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 10

INTRODUCTION

Sealing of rotating shafts on gas compressors has been


achieved with carbon rings, labyrinth seals, and oil
seals (floating Seals). These type of sealing methods
often

require

complex

systems

for

cooling

and

lubrication. Continuous cleaning of oil (sour oil ) and


seal oil make-up, in case of seal leaking, is normal
requirement for this type of system. One survey in
Canada showed that 80% of the compressor failures
were due to seal oil systems. Oil leaking is also threat
to process system especially catalyst which is very
expensive. In 1978 JOHN CRANE tested a seal which
uses process gas for sealing purpose and is called DRY
GAS SEAL.

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

PAGE-1

PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION:
Main Parts of Dry gas seal are same as that of normal Mechanical seal.
However, rotating seat manufactured from tungsten carbide or silicon
carbide, is profiled with a series of spiral grooves Depth of grooves is
between 0.0025 to 0.01 mm as shown in fig. 1

When the compressor is pressurized sealing dam seals the gas. When
compressor is running, gas enters the spiral grooves and its pressure
increases.

This

increase

in

pressure

forces

the

two

faces

apart

approximately by 3 microns, and maintains this operating clearance.

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

PAGE-2

CONSTRUCTION AND PARTS OF DRY GAS SEAL


1. TANDEM ARRANGEMENT ( SYN AND NH3 COMPRESSORS)

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

PAGE-3

EXPLODED VIEW TANDEM ARRANGEMENT

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

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2. SINGLE ARRANGEMENT (CO2 COMPRESSOR H.P)

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

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SEAL INSTALLATION
Before installing the seal
a) Check rotational direction of compressor
b) Check axial movement. Permissible axial movement for the seal is
2.5
mm.

Lubricate external elastomers

Clean the area into which seal fits and check for burrs / kinks.

Check the compressor shaft is locked in it running position.

First install thrust end seal.

Check direction of rotation of seal corresponds with shaft rotation.

Align the shaft keyway and seal key. Bring the keyway on top. This
helps in easy removal / installation.

Fit the seal using N.P tools.

Fit shaft lockout

NOTE: 1 In syn and NH3 compressors, N.P tools are used. Where as in
CO2

machine no special tools are required only jacking bars are used.

Setting plates are removed when seal is installed in compressor.


Note: 2

Do not rotate the seal/shaft when setting plates or N.P tools are

attached to seal.

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

PAGE-6

SEAL REMOVAL (SYN AND NH3 COMPRESSOR)

Bring the keyway on top. (shaft faces are punch marked during
maintenance to easily bring the keyway on top). Otherwise NP
removing tools will not be installed properly.

First attend the seal opposite thrust and

Now install the special tools and using jacking bars to remove the seal.

After removal install setting plates.

Now lock the rotor using locking tools before starting work on thrust
end.

Use above procedure for removing thrust and seal.

CO2 COMPRESSOR (H.P)

Install setting plates.

Using jacking bars to remove the seal.

Sequence of removal is same as that of NH 3 & syn i.e start from


opposite thrust end.

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

PAGE-7

SEAL INSTALLATION
a)

When rotor is replaced

b)

When seals are replaced.

Lock the compressor shaft in running position (after rotor centering


is completed).

Measure size of seals if they are new. Seal size is measured with
setting plates installed. However setting plates are not included in
the seal size. see fig.

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

PAGE-8

Check seal envelop.

Machine the shims to adjust the seal in its envelop.


X = Seal Size
Z = Shim Size
Y = Total envelop size = X + Z
Z=Y-X

Follow seal installation procedure as discussed earlier.

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

PAGE-9

TECHNICAL TRAINING CENTRE

PAGE-10

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