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    Homework Template MTH 307

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    Smake Jith
    1) The document contains Jake Smith's homework problems from MTH 447. 2) The first problem proves that whenever x is odd, x^2 + 7x + 4 is even. The second problem proves that the product of two rational numbers is rational. The third problem proves that if d|m and m|n, then d|n. 3) The second part of the homework contains 4 more problems. The first problem proves if n is an integer, then n is even if and only if 5n + 3 is odd. The second problem proves that if the product of two integers is even, then at least one of the integers must be even. The fourth problem uses logic from the

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    Homework Template MTH 307

    Uploaded by

    Smake Jith
    31 views2 pages
    1) The document contains Jake Smith's homework problems from MTH 447. 2) The first problem proves that whenever x is odd, x^2 + 7x + 4 is even. The second problem proves that the product of two rational numbers is rational. The third problem proves that if d|m and m|n, then d|n. 3) The second part of the homework contains 4 more problems. The first problem proves if n is an integer, then n is even if and only if 5n + 3 is odd. The second problem proves that if the product of two integers is even, then at least one of the integers must be even. The fourth problem uses logic from the

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    1) The document contains Jake Smith's homework problems from MTH 447. 2) The first problem proves that whenever x is odd, x^2 + 7x + 4 is even. The second problem proves that the product of two rational numbers is rational. The third problem proves that if d|m and m|n, then d|n. 3) The second part of the homework contains 4 more problems. The first problem proves if n is an integer, then n is even if and only if 5n + 3 is odd. The second problem proves that if the product of two integers is even, then at least one of the integers must be even. The fourth problem uses logic from the

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    31 views2 pages

    Homework Template MTH 307

    Uploaded by

    Smake Jith
    1) The document contains Jake Smith's homework problems from MTH 447. 2) The first problem proves that whenever x is odd, x^2 + 7x + 4 is even. The second problem proves that the product of two rational numbers is rational. The third problem proves that if d|m and m|n, then d|n. 3) The second part of the homework contains 4 more problems. The first problem proves if n is an integer, then n is even if and only if 5n + 3 is odd. The second problem proves that if the product of two integers is even, then at least one of the integers must be even. The fourth problem uses logic from the

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    MTH 447

    Homework #3

    Jake Smith

    HW Part 1
    Problem 1: Proposition. Whenever x is odd, x2 + 7x + 4 is even.
    Proof. Suppose that we have some odd integer x. Then, by definition we can represent
    x by the expression 2a + 1, where a is some integer. Next we substitute 2a + 1 into the
    expression x2 + 7x + 4 in place of x.
    (2a + 1)2 + 7(2a + 1) + 4 =
    4a2 + 4a + 1 + 14a + 7 + 4 =
    4a2 + 18a + 8 =
    2(2a2 + 9a + 4) =

    Thus, by definition of an even integer, we can see that whenever x is odd that x2 +7x+4
    is even.
    Problem 2: Proposition. The Product of two rational numbers is rational.
    Proof. Suppose that we have to rational numbers a and b. Then, by definition of a
    rational number, a and b can expressed by a = pq , q 6= 0 and b = kj , k 6= 0 where p, q, j, k
    pj
    are integers. Now, taking the product of these two we find pq = qk
    . Since we know
    that the product of two non-zero integers is an integer, it is clear that pq is composed
    of an integer divided by an integer. Therefore, by definition of a rational number pq is
    rational.
    Problem 3: Proposition. Let d, m and n be positive integers. Prove that if d|m and m|n, then
    d|n.
    Proof. Suppose the we have integers d, m and n such that d|m and m|n. So, by
    definition of a divisor, we know that m = dk where k is some integer and n = ml
    where l is some integer. Since we know that m = dk we can substitute that into our
    expression for n. So n = ml = (dk)l = d(kl). Thus we see that d multiplied by the
    product of k and l equals n. Therefore, d divides n.
    Problem 4: Proposition. For positive integers d and n, if d|n and n is even, then 2d|n.
    Proof. Notice that if n = 6 that 2|6. However, 2(2) = 4 and 4 - 6. Therefore, it is not
    true if d|n and n is even, then 2d|n.

    HW Part 2
    Problem 1: Proposition. If n is an integer, then n is even if and only if 5n + 3 is odd
    Proof. Suppose n is an even integer. Then, by definition of an even number we can
    express n by n = 2a where a is some integer. Now, substituting n with 2a in 5n + 3
    yields the expression 5(2a) + 3. This expression can be rewritten thusly, 2(5a + 1) + 1.
    Therefore, if n is even, 5n + 3 is odd.
    Now, suppose that 5n + 3 is odd. Then, by definition we can write 5n + 3 = 2k + 1,
    where k is some integer. Then, through simple algebraic manipulation we can write
    the equality as 5n = 2(k 1), which implies that 5n is even. Since 5n is even, and 5
    is an odd integer, n must be an even integer to make 5n even. Therefore, n is an even
    integer.
    Problem 2: Proposition. If the product of two integers is even, then at least one of the integers
    must be even.
    Proof. Suppose we have two integer p and q and that for the sake of contradiction that
    they are both odd. Then, by definition of an odd integer p = 2a + 1 where a is some
    integer and q = 2b + 1 where b is some integer. Taking the product of the two integers
    we find,
    pq =
    (2a + 1)(2b + 1) =
    4ab + 2a + 2b + 1 =
    2(2ab + a + b) + 1
    Clearly, this is a contradiction since the product of the two integers is, by definition,
    an odd integer. Therefore, at least one of the integers must be even.
    Problem 3: Proposition. If n is a positive integer, then 4 - n2 2.
    Proof. Suppose that we have a positive integer n.
    Problem 4: Return to the Island of Knights and Knaves.
    Proof. Suppose that Abe is a knight, and is therefore telling the truth. Then, by our
    hypothesis, Abe is telling the truth when he says that Debbie is a knave. Since Debbie
    is a knave, she is lying when she says that one of either Chris or Beatrice is a knight.
    Thus, Chris and Beatrice are both knaves and , therefore, liars. Since both Chris and
    Beatrice stated that Abe is a knave and they are both liars, Abe must be a knight.
    Therefore, Abe is the only knight, while Beatrice, Chris and Debbie are all knaves.

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