Section 6 Magnetism Electromagnetism - Unlocked
Section 6 Magnetism Electromagnetism - Unlocked
Section 6 Magnetism Electromagnetism - Unlocked
2005 June
Q8: A physics teacher uses the apparatus shown in a demonstration to her class.
She moves the metal rod upwards and the voltmeter briefly shows a small reading.
(a) Why does the voltmeter show a reading?
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................(3)
(b) A boy standing at the back of the class complains that he cannot read the voltmeter.
Suggest two ways in which the teacher could use the same apparatus to produce a
bigger reading on the voltmeter.
1 ...................................................................................................................................
2 ...................................................................................................................................(2)
(Total 5 marks)
Answer
8. (a) Conductor
(b)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
Voltage induced
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
(1 mark)
Total 5 marks
(3)
(ii) How much useful energy was transferred to lift the load?
............................................................................................................................... (1)
(iii) The total energy transferred by the electric motor was 6.0 J.
Suggest two reasons for the difference between this value and your answer to (ii).
1 .............................................................................................................................
2 ............................................................................................................................. (2)
(Total 11 marks)
4
Answer
2005 Nov
Q15: (a) Transformers are used in the large scale transmission and distribution of
electricity.
(i) How are they used?
...............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... (2)
(ii) Why are they used?
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................... (3)
(b) A small transformer for a radio has an input voltage of 230 V and an output voltage
of 6.0 V.
Calculate the input current in mA when the output current is 575 mA.
Assume that the transformer is 100% efficient.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
Input current =......................... mA
(3)
(Total 8 marks)
Answer
Question 15 (a)
(i)
(a)(ii)
(b)
step-up
transformer(s) used
after generation/at
start of
transmission (1)
step-down
transformer used
after
transmission/durin
g distribution (1)
to increase voltage
for transmission (1)
(so) energy losses
are less/system
more efficient/less
energy lost as
heat/transmission
current is small (1)
to decrease voltage
to safe(r) value for
use in homes etc.
either 15 (mA) (3)
or Vp Ip = Vs Is
I p = V s I s Vp
or 230 x Ip ( 1000)
= 6 x 575 ( 1000)
or Ip ( 1000) = 6 x
575 ( 1000) 230
Total 8 marks
(1)
1 .............................................................................................................................
2 .............................................................................................................................
(2)
(c) When the current in the coil changes direction the cone vibrates.
(i) When the cone vibrates at a frequency of 3.6 kHz, what is the frequency in kHz
of the sound which is produced?
Frequency = ..................................... kHz
(ii) Name the unit represented by the symbol kHz.
(1)
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 6 marks)
Answer
Question 16 (a)
(b)(i)
to the right/inwards
(b)
(ii)
(c)
(i)
(c)
(ii)
or to prevent a
short circuit
do not credit
references to
electric shock or to
heat insulation
allow towards the
magnet
do not credit away
from the cone
allow have more
coils on the coil
do not credit have
a bigger coil
allow larger
voltage
3.6 (kHz)
kilohertz
1
allow kiloHertz
allow phonetic
spellings
1
Total 6 marks
10
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2007 June
Q5: (a) A student has a dynamo on her bicycle. When the front wheel turns, a magnet rotates
within coils of wire and a lamp on the bicycle lights up.
Explain how the rotation of the magnet causes the lamp to light.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(b) State one way in which the brightness of the lamp could be increased.
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 4 marks)
11
Answer
Question 5
Qu
a part
Answer(s)
Extra Information
Mark(s)
1
dop
1
voltage / currentinduction
electromagnetic
induced //
emi
b
pedal faster
use
stronger
reduce
gap(s)magnet
4 marks
12
Q13: A wire carries a current. The wire is perpendicular to a magnetic field. A force acts on
the wire and the wire moves.
(a) This effect is used in a d.c. motor.
(i) What does the abbreviation d.c. stand for?
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(ii) Apart from electric motors, name one other device which uses this effect.
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) Professor J A Fleming invented a rule to describe the directions involved in this effect.
It is known as Flemings left-hand rule.
(5)
1 ...................................................................................................................................
2 ...................................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 9 marks)
Qu
part
a(i)
a(ii)
b
Answer(s)
Extra Information
direct current
loudspeaker / speaker
(1)
no
(1)
ou h
1
1
(magnetic) field
h
Mark(s)
uch a in a a io
5
allow no
h ( ol
ou h ( ol
or + and -
(electric) current
(1)
increase the strength/intensity of the
o i iv n ga iv(1)
magnetic field
(1)
motion/movement/force (1)
increase the current (1)
acc
u moreapowerful
magn
acc
inc
vol
ag /
coil /
anc o
u
numb
. .
9 marks
of
14
2007 Nov
Q6: (a) The diagram shows a flat circular coil carrying a current. On the diagram, sketch the
magnetic field pattern of the coil. Use arrows to show the direction of the magnetic
field lines.
(3)
(b) When there is a current in the coils the electromagnet shown below is able to carry
small loads from a hook. When the current is switched off the hook and load fall
off.
15
(i) Name a suitable material for the core and the hook.
...............................................................................................................................
(ii) Explain why this material is suitable.
(1)
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(Total 6 marks)
(2)
Answer
Question
Question
Number
6
(a)
Acceptable Answers
shape of lines (1)
Reject
Mark
Notes
Question
Number
6
(b)
Acceptable Answers
(i) (soft) iron (1)
Reject
Mark
(3)
Total 6 marks
(3)
17
(1)
(b) The diagram below shows an electricity generation and transmission system. Step-up
and step-down transformers are used.
On the dotted lines label these transformers U (step-up) or D (step-down).
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Question
Question
Number
7
(a)
Acceptable Answers
(i) recall formula
(1)
Question
Number
7
40 x (36/12)
(1)
= 120 (V)
(1)
(ii) a.c.
Question
(b)
Acceptable Answers
Reject
Mark
(4)
(1)
Reject
Mark
18
D left
U right
(1)
Total 5 marks
2008 June
Q8: (a) Complete the sentence.
Voltage is ............................................................ across a copper coil when a
............................................................ changes through the coil.
(b) A transformer is used to change the size of an alternating voltage.
Complete the equation for a transformer.
(2)
19
(1)
in the pylons
in the transmission line
in the turbine
just after the transmission line
just before the generator
just before the transmission line
(i) In the transmission system a step-up transformer must be located
...............................................................................................................................
(ii) In the transmission system a step-down transformer must be located
(1)
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Answers
Question
Number
Correct Answer
Acceptable Answers
Mark
20
8 (a)
induced
magnetic field
flux (linkage)
Correct Answer
Number
8
(b)
(2)
Acceptable Answers
primary coils
Mark
1
secondary coils
= IS / IP
(1)
Question
Correct Answer
Mark
Number
8
(c)(i)
1
(1)
Question
Correct Answer
Mark
Number
8
(c)(ii)
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
Q12: (a) When a wire carries a current perpendicular to a magnetic field it experiences a force.
Name a rule that enables you to predict the direction of this force.
21
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(b) A teacher set up a demonstration using a 6 V battery, two bar magnets and three metal
rods as shown in the diagram.
(1)
(2)
(d) (i) Explain what is meant by alternating current (a.c.). Illustrate your answer with a
diagram.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(3)
(ii) The 6 V battery in (b) is replaced by a 6 Va.c. 50 Hz power supply. Describe the
resulting force now acting on the short metal rod.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 11 marks)
22
Answer
Question
12 (a)
Number
Correct Answer
Reject
Mark
(1)
Correct Answer
12 (b)(i)
Number
Question
12 (b)(ii)
Number
Question
I out of page
12 (b)(iii)
Number
F to the right
Question
Number
12 (c)
must
ecfAnswer
from b(i)&(ii)
Correct
Mark
1
Correct Answer
correct direction anywhere in circuit
M downwards allow B as a label
Mark
(1)
1
Correct Answer
Mark
(1)
1
(1)
Mark
stronger magnet
Acceptable
Answers
magnets closer
Reject
bigger magnets
more current
larger voltage/
electromagnet
bigger battery
more batteries
Question
Number
12 (d)(i)
Correct Answer
current/voltage varies
about axis
Question
Number
12 (d)(ii)
(2)
Acceptable Answers
Mark
maximum of 2 marks if no
diagram
scores 1
Correct Answer
Acceptable Answers
Reject
changes
direction
(moves)backwards and
forwards (quickly)
vibrate (not up and down)
at high frequency
1
1
1
(3)
Mark
1
1
at (a frequency of) 50 Hz
23
appears stationary
independent marks
(2)
Total 13 marks
2008 Nov
Q6: The diagram shows a barrier at a car park. The barrier arm is usually in the position
shown. An iron sphere is attached to the barrier arm at A. The weight of the barrier arm
acts at B. When there is a current in the coil the barrier arm pivots at P and end E moves
upwards.
(1)
(1)
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(d) What is the cause of the force on the barrier arm at A before the electricity is switched
on?
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(e) When the electricity is switched on the total force which acts at A is 900 newtons.
This force can just start to pull the iron sphere down.
Use the distances shown on the diagram to calculate the weight in newtons of the
barrier arm.
24
(3)
(Total 7 marks)
Answer
Question
Correct Answer
Extra Information
Number
6 (a)
Question
Correct Answer
Number
6 (b)
electromagnet
Question
Correct Answer
Extra Information
6 (c)
Number
accept from
next
Question
Correct Answer
6 (d)
Number
gravity
Question
6 (e)
Number
Correct Answer
either
safety/electric
the iron
sphere)
Extra
Information
shock/heat
Mark
(1)
Extra Information
Mark
(1)
moment
Mark
(1)
Mark
(1)
Mark
insulation
weight = 90 1 .5
(1)
or (weight =) 60
= 60
(1)
(N)
(3)
(Total
(3) 7 marks)
nwn
25
2009 June
Q5: A class uses a step-up transformer in a model transmission line.
(a) The output voltage is 24 Va.c. How many secondary turns does the transformer
have?
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
Number of turns = ............................
(b) State how this transformer could be used as a step-down transformer.
(2)
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) A student wants to use an input voltage of 60 Va.c. Why does the teacher tell him
that this is not a good idea?
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(d) A step-up transformer is used just outside a power station to increase the voltage.
State why the voltage is increased.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
26
Answer
Question
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
Number
5
(a)
6/20 = 24/N
N = 80
nwn
Question
Acceptable Answers
Number
5 (b)
5 (c)
OWTTE
output too high/ output
Reject
Ignore
reverse current
high current
Mark
Mark
1
1
dangerous/240 V
5 (d)
reduce current/reduce
reduces
resistance more
efficient
27
Q9: The diagram shows the magnetic field between magnetic poles X and Y.
(1)
(1)
(2)
(Total 4 marks)
28
Answer
Question
Acceptable Answers
Reject
Number
9
(a)
uniform
continuous
constant
linear
uniformed
strong
regular
equal
Mark
1
even
balanced
attractive
Extra
Information
Question
Acceptable Answers
Number
9 (b)
the same
north/N
correct order essential
.................................... so polar
uth/S
Question
Acceptable Answers
Reject
Number
9
(c)
charged
positive
positive or negative
negative
parallel/along owtte
towards
Mark
1
Mark
1
1
29
2009 Nov
Q5: (a) A student writes a list of descriptions of magnetic field lines.
One of the boxes below has been completed to show that the description is correct.
Complete two other boxes which have correct descriptions of magnetic field lines.
Put a cross ( ) in the correct boxes.
their direction is from North to South
they show the shape of a magnetic field
they only appear near hard magnetic materials
they show attraction but not repulsion
they can show the strength of a magnetic field
(2)
(b) Two bar magnets are held near to each other on a horizontal surface.
A magnetic field line is shown.
(2)
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(1)
30
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(i) Put a cross ( ) next to the correct words to complete the sentence.
This pattern is produced by
(1)
(ii) A student claims that
this is a uniform magnetic field pattern.
Do you agree? Explain your answer.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(Total 8 marks)
(1)
31
Answer
Question
Acceptable Answers
Number
5
(a)
2nd
Question
5th
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
Mark
Number
5 (b)(i)
do not credit
either if they
5 (b)(ii)
1
1
5 (b)(iii)
Extra Information
Mark
2
contradict
1
no ecf
Question
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
Mark
Number
5
(c)(i)
allow solenoid
Question
Acceptable Answers
Number
5
(c)(ii)
(no)
Extra Information
Mark
1
32
Q10: An electromagnetic force usually acts on a wire which carries a current in a magnetic
field.
(a) Name two devices which use this effect.
1 ...................................................................................................................................
2 ...................................................................................................................................
(b) State two ways in which the force acting on the wire can be increased.
(2)
1 ...................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
2 ...................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(c) Professor J A Fleming invented a rule to remember the directions involved in this
effect. This rule is known as Flemings left-hand rule.
The diagram shows a left hand with two fingers and the thumb extended.
Draw a straight line from each of them to the correct box for this rule.
(2)
(d) Sometimes a wire carries a current in a magnetic field but no electromagnetic force
acts on it.
Explain how this can happen.
......................................................................................................................................
(Total 8 marks)
(1)
33
Answer
Question
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
Mark
Number
10
(a)
Question
Number
10 (b)
(d.c.) electric
motor
(loud) speaker
ammeter/voltmeter
Acceptable Answers
Barlows wheel
any two (1) each
increase the
strength/intensity of
ignore references to
the magnetic
resistance/number of
field/use a more
coils/number of turns
Question
powerful magnet
Acceptable Answers
increase the
Number
10
(c)
thumb
direction of force
(1) if any digit
current/voltage/p.d.
the current
first finger
magnetic
field N to S (1)
Mark
2
Mark
3
connected to more
Question
Acceptable Answers
connections
Extra Information
Mark
Number
10 (d)
current/wire is not
perpendicular/at right angles/90
(Total 8 marks)
to the (magnetic) field
34
2010 june
Q6: A student wraps an insulated wire around a large iron nail.
(a) State the name of the device which the student has made.
......................................................................................................................................
(b) Explain why the student uses insulated wire.
(1)
......................................................................................................................................
.....................................................................................................................................
(2)
(c) (i) Explain how the student can show that the device works.
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(ii) Explain how the student can use the device to show that iron is a magnetically
soft material.
(1)
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(Total 5 marks)
35
Answer
Question
Number
6(a)
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
Electromagnet
Mark
(1)
Question
Number
6(b)
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
to prevent a short/shorting/short
circuit
iron is a conductor
Mark
related to heat
insulation or safety
(2)
Acceptable
Answers
to prevent
current/electricity going
it will
pick upnail
magnetic materials
through
Extra Information
Mark
ignore attract to
magnet
Question
Number
6(c)(ii)
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
magnetism
of time
(1)
Mark
(1)
36
Q12: A teacher demonstrates electromagnetic induction to her class using the apparatus shown
below.
A magnet suspended from a spring moves up and down along the axis of a solenoid.
The solenoid is connected to two light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
An LED is a diode that emits light when a current passes through it.
(a) Explain why there is a current in the solenoid when the magnet is moving.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(b) Explain why only one of the LEDs lights up when the magnet moves down.
(2)
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(c) What is the purpose of the other LED in this demonstration?
(2)
......................................................................................................................................
(1)
37
(d) Explain why the average brightness of both LEDs decreases with time.
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
(3)
(2)
(Total 10 marks)
38
Answer
12(a)
1
allow current induced
1
(2)
e.m.f./voltage induced
Question
Acceptable Answers
Number
12(b)
Extra Information
Mark
1
direction
1
(2)
/diodes
facing
opposite directions
Acceptable
Answers
Extra Information
Number
12(c)
ignore references to
magnet moves up
alternating current
(1)
Question
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
Mark
Number
12(d)
Question
12(e)
Number
air resistance/drag
1
dna
magnet gets
weaker
Acceptable
Answers
magnetic
field
any two, (1) each, from:
Extra Information
allow any other
heavier magnet
weaker spring
to move magnet
CRO/datalogger/centre zero
/thicker wires
Mark
sensible suggestions
1
1
(3)
Mark
1
(2)
1
39
2010 Nov
Q6: The diagram shows a magnetic pen holder.
There is a small magnet in the top of the pen holder and there is another small magnet in
the top of the pen.
The upward force from the magnets is greater than the weight of the pen.
(Total 2 marks)
40
Question
Number
6
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
on either diagram
(1)
Mark
(2)
(1)
Q13: (a) (i) A magnetic field pattern consists of a number of magnetic field lines.
What is shown by the direction of the arrow on a magnetic field line?
...............................................................................................................................
...............................................................................................................................
(ii) The diagram shows part of the magnetic field pattern for a flat circular coil
carrying a current.
One of the field lines has its arrow drawn on it.
Add an arrow to any other line in the pattern.
(1)
(1)
(b) The left-hand rule can be used to determine the direction of the force acting on a
current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field.
(i) Add the following labels to the diagram below to show what the thumb and the
fingers represent:
magnetic field
current
force
41
(2)
(ii) State one application of the effect indicated by the left-hand rule.
...............................................................................................................................
(1)
(c) The diagram below shows a wire carrying a current in the magnetic field between the
poles of two bar magnets.
(i) Add an arrow to the diagram to show the direction of the force acting on the
wire.
(ii) State two ways in which this force could be increased.
(1)
1 .............................................................................................................................
2 .............................................................................................................................
(2)
(Total 8 marks)
42
Question
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
Number
13(a)(i)
would point
south
Mark
dna direction of
Question
Acceptable Answers
magnetic
field
Extra Information
Number
13(a)(ii)
(1)
Mark
(1)
Question
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
Number
13(b)(i)
thumb - force
3 correct (2)
1 correct (1)
Question
Number
13(b)(ii)
motor
Mark
(2)
Extra Information
Mark
loudspeaker
Question
Acceptable Answers
Number
13(c)(i)
(1)
Extra Information
Mark
(1)
Question
Acceptable Answers
Extra Information
Mark
Number
13(c)(ii)
increase current
voltage
1
(2)
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