20171130081511stat 250 Data Analysis

1
Your Name
STAT 250-0xx (your correct section)
Data Analysis Assignment 4
Problem 1
I. Null Hypothesis, H0:p 0.5
Alternative Hypothesis, Ha: p>0.5
ii.The significance level for this problem is alpha =0.05.
iii. Assumption 1: The sample was independent and random.
Assumption 2:Large Sample size,np =0.5*256 = 128,and 12810
n(1-p)=256*(1-0.5) = 128 10
Assumption 3: We can assume that there are atleast 256*10 =2560 games were played during
the 2016 NFL regular season.
iv.A z-test for proportion will be used.
n=256
p_hat = 147/256 = 0.5742
0.57420.5
z= = = 2.38
(1) 0.5(10.5)

256 256
v.Using the standard normal table, the p-value obtained was 0.0088
vi.We will reject the null as the p-value is less than the significance level of 0.05.
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vii.We can conclude that the home team wins more than 50% of games in the National
Football League.
viii.Using Stat Crunch
The result is shown below
b)
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c)
I am surprised with the result as the after simulating with 1 test; the result showed not to
reject the null which is contradictory to our result being obtained in part a.
d)
The result after running 1000 tests showed that the null hypothesis is rejected in only 44 of
the test when the sample size of 256 is considered.The z-statistic histogram plot shows
different z-value after running 1000 tests.Similarly,the histogram plot of p-value shows
different p-value obtained after running 1000 tests.
e) The first red number is 30th run which shows that the null hypothesis is rejected in the 30th
test.
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f)Yes, I am surprised because the null hypothesis is rejected in only 44 of the samples out of
1000 runs.Thus,similating the test 1000 times that home team does not wins more than 50%
of the game in the NFL.
g) Running 1000 tests when p=0.6

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When changing the sample came from the true proportion of 0.6, running 1000 tests lead to
the rejection of null hypothesis as opposed to running 1000 tests when we assumed sample
came from a true population proportion is 0.5.The difference is caused due to change in
proportion characteristics.
Problem 2
a)Sample proportion, p_hat =36/55 = 0.6545
_(1 ) 0.6545(10.6545)
Standard error of the sample,SE = = = 0.0641
55
Critical z-value of 95% confidence interval =1.96
Margin of error=Critical z-value*SE =0.0641*1.96 = 0.1257
95% Confidence interval = p_hat Margin of error = 0.6545 0.1257 = (0.5289, 0.7802)
Stat Crunch Output

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The calculated result is in agreement with the Stat Crunch Output.
b)
i.Null Hypothesis,H0:p=0.588
Alternative Hypothesis,Ha:p0.588
ii.Significance level is assumed at 0.05(alpha).
Assumption 2: Large Sample size,np =0.588*55 = 32.34,and 32.3410
n(1-p)=55*(1-0.588) = 22.66 10
Assumption 3:We can assume that there are at least 55*10 =550 males between the ages of
20 and 39..
iv. A z-test for proportion will be used.
n=55
p_hat = 36/55 = 0.6545
0.65450.588
z= = = 1.0027
(1) 0.588(10.588)

256 55
v.Using the standard normal table,the p-value obtained was 0.3160

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vi.We will not reject the null as the p-value is greater than the significance level of 0.05.
vii.We can conclude that the percentage of a male between the ages of 20 and 39 who
consume the recommended daily allowance of calcium has not changed.
viii.Using Stat Crunch
c)Both the result confirmed the fact that the percentage of male between the ages of 20 and
39 who consume the recommended daily allowance of calcium has not changed. The
confidence interval contained the true proportion of 0.588 in its interval indicated that the
proportion is not significantly different from 0.588 which is similar to result obtained using z-
test for proportion.

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Problem 3
a) Using Stat Crunch sample proportion is 0.14107143.
b)
i.Null Hypothesis, H0:p = 0.14
Alternative Hypothesis,H0,p< 0.14
Where p is the proportion that the new newspaper will capture in order to be financially
viable.
ii.The significance level is denoted by alpha which is 0.02 as stated in the problem.
Assumption 2:Large Sample size,np =0.14*560 = 78.4,and 78.410
n(1-p)=560*(1-0.14) = 481.6 10
Assumption 3:We can assume that there are atleast 560*10 =5600 Toronto residents.
iv.Test statistic(z-test for proportion)
p_hat =0.14107143
p=0.14
n=560
(1) 0.14(10.14)
Standard error of the sample ,SE = = =0.0147
560
z-value = (p_hat-p)/SE = (0.14107143-0.14)/0.0147 = 0.0731
v.p-value using standard normal table is 0.53

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vi.We will not reject the null as the p-value is greater than the assumed significance level of
0.02.
vii.The claim that new newspaper would have to capture at least 14$ of the Toronto market in
order to be financially viable is current.
viii.Stat Crunch Output is shown below
Problem 4
a)Histogram plot
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The above histogram plot shows that the Fairfax home closing prices are skewed to the right.
b)In this scenarios the condition of large sample size is not met as the sample size is 10 which
is less than the central limit condition of large sample size of 25.Also,the distribution is
skewed.
c) In this case the central limit theorem of large sample size is met as sample size is 36 which
is greater than 25.
$700,000$510,000
P(X>$700,000) = ( > $145,000 ) = ( > 7.86)
36
Using normal distribution table
P(z>7.86) =1-P(z<7.86) =1-0.999999 =0.0000

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1

Data Analysis Assignment 4

I. Null Hypothesis, H0:p 0.5

Alternative Hypothesis, Ha: p>0.5

ii.The significance level for this problem is alpha =0.05.

iii. Assumption 1: The sample was independent and random.

Assumption 2:Large Sample size,np =0.5*256 = 128,and 12810

the 2016 NFL regular season.

iv.A z-test for proportion will be used.

p_hat = 147/256 = 0.5742

viii.Using Stat Crunch

The result is shown below

different p-value obtained after running 1000 tests.

of the game in the NFL.

g) Running 1000 tests when p=0.6

a)Sample proportion, p_hat =36/55 = 0.6545

Critical z-value of 95% confidence interval =1.96

Margin of error=Critical z-value*SE =0.0641*1.96 = 0.1257

Stat Crunch Output

The calculated result is in agreement with the Stat Crunch Output.

ii.Significance level is assumed at 0.05(alpha).

iii. Assumption 1: The sample was independent and random.

Assumption 2: Large Sample size,np =0.588*55 = 32.34,and 32.3410

iv. A z-test for proportion will be used.

p_hat = 36/55 = 0.6545

v.Using the standard normal table,the p-value obtained was 0.3160

consume the recommended daily allowance of calcium has not changed.

viii.Using Stat Crunch

test for proportion.

a) Using Stat Crunch sample proportion is 0.14107143.

i.Null Hypothesis, H0:p = 0.14

Alternative Hypothesis,H0,p< 0.14

iii. Assumption 1: The sample was independent and random.

Assumption 2:Large Sample size,np =0.14*560 = 78.4,and 78.410

iv.Test statistic(z-test for proportion)

z-value = (p_hat-p)/SE = (0.14107143-0.14)/0.0147 = 0.0731

v.p-value using standard normal table is 0.53

order to be financially viable is current.

viii.Stat Crunch Output is shown below

is greater than 25.

Using normal distribution table

P(z>7.86) =1-P(z<7.86) =1-0.999999 =0.0000

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Margin of error=Critical z-valueSE =0.06411.96 = 0.1257