Reviewer Calculus
Reviewer Calculus
Reviewer Calculus
15. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 − 1 and 𝑥 = 𝑡 2 − 2
𝑑𝑦
= 2𝑥 − 3
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
= ∙ = ______
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡
(Simplify!)
16. 𝑥 = 𝑡 2 + 2𝑡 and 𝑦 = 2𝑡 3 − 6𝑡
𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑡 + 2
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
= 6𝑡 2 − 6
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑑𝑡 = ____________
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡
17. 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑥 − 2𝑦 − 1 = 0
𝑥𝑦 ′ + 𝑦(1) + 1 − 2𝑦 ′ − 0 = 0
1 + 𝑦 = 𝑦′(2 − 𝑥)
(Simplify!)
18. 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 3𝑦 − 4 = 0
𝑥 2 𝑦 ′ + 2𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 ′ = 0
2𝑥𝑦
𝑦′ = − 2
𝑥 +3
19. 𝑥 2 − 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 3
2𝑥 − 𝑥𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
(2𝑥 − 𝑦) = 𝑦′(𝑥 − 2𝑦)
(Simplify!)
20. 5𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 0
10𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
10𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 2𝑦′(𝑥 − 𝑦)
(Simplify!)
21. 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2
2𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥
𝑦′ = −
𝑦
1 + 𝑦𝑦" + 𝑦′𝑦′ = 0
−1 − (𝑦 ′ )2
𝑦" =
𝑦
(Simplify!)
22. 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 1
𝑥𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑦
𝑦′ = −
𝑥 + 2𝑦
𝑥𝑦" + 𝑦′ + 𝑦′ + 2𝑦𝑦" + 2𝑦′𝑦′ = 0
−2(𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 ′ 𝑦 ′ )
𝑦" =
𝑥 + 2𝑦
(Simplify!)
23. 4𝑥 2 + 8𝑦 2 = 36
𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 = 9
2𝑥 + 4𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥
𝑦′ = −
2𝑦
2 + 4𝑦𝑦" + 4𝑦′𝑦′ = 0
−(1 + 2𝑦′𝑦′)
𝑦" =
2𝑦
(Simplify!)
24. Determine the slope of the tangent line to a curve 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 21 = 0 at (0, 7).
2𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ − 6 − 4𝑦 ′ = 0
2(3 − 𝑥) 3 − 𝑥 3 − 0
𝑦′ = = =
2(𝑦 − 2) 𝑦 − 2 7 − 2
(Simplify!)
25. Find the slope of the line whose parametric equations are: 𝑥 = 4𝑡 + 6 and 𝑦 = 𝑡 − 1
𝑑𝑥
=4
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
=1
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦
= 𝑑𝑡 = _______
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑡
26. Determine the horizontal tangents of the curve 𝑥 2 − `4𝑥𝑦 + 16𝑦 2 = 27.
2𝑥 − 4𝑥𝑦 ′ − 4𝑦 + 32𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
2(𝑥 − 2𝑦) 𝑥 − 2𝑦
𝑦′ = =
4(𝑦 − 8) 𝑦−8
𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 0
𝑥 = 2𝑦
(2𝑦)2 − 4(2𝑦)𝑦 + 16𝑦 2 = 27
4𝑦 2 − 8𝑦 2 + 16𝑦 2 = 27
12𝑦 2 = 27
9
𝑦2 =
4
3
𝑦=±
2
𝑥 = ±3
27. Find the equation of the line normal to 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 7 at the point (4, − 3)
2𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥 4
𝑦′ = =
𝑦 −3
1 3
𝑚1 = − =
4 4
−3
3 𝑦+3
=
4 𝑥−4
(Simplify!)
28. Find the equation of the normal to the parabola 𝑦 = 4𝑥 2 at the point (-1, 4)
𝑦 ′ = 8𝑥
𝑦 ′ = 8(−1) = −8
1 1
𝑚1 = − =
−8 8
1 𝑦−4
=
8 𝑥+1
(Simplify!)
29. At what points on the curve 𝑦 = 2𝑥 3 + 13𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 9 does its tangent pass through the origin.
𝑦 ′ = 6𝑥 2 + 26𝑥 + 5
𝑦 − 0 = (6𝑥 2 + 26𝑥 + 5)(𝑥 − 0)
𝑦 = 6𝑥 3 + 26𝑥 2 + 5𝑥
2𝑥 3 + 13𝑥 2 + 5𝑥 + 9 = 6𝑥 3 + 26𝑥 2 + 5𝑥
4𝑥 3 + 13𝑥 2 − 9 = 0
(𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3)(4𝑥 − 3) = 0
𝑥 = −1, 𝑦 = 15
𝑥 = −3, 𝑦 = 57
3 669
𝑥 = ,𝑦 =
4 32
SET B
1. Evaluate 𝑓(𝑢2 + 𝑣) for 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 + 6
𝑓(𝑢2 + 𝑣) = 4(𝑢2 + 𝑣) + 6 = 4𝑢2 + 4𝑣 + 24
𝑥
2. Find the domain of the function 𝑦 = √
2−𝑥
−2 ≤ 𝑥 ≤ 2
3. 𝑦 = 5𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 2 + 1
𝑓(−𝑥) = 5(−𝑥)4 − 2(−𝑥)2 + 1 = 5𝑥 4 − 2𝑥 2 + 1
𝑑𝑦 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑 𝑑
= 2 (𝑥) − 3 (𝑥 2 ) − 5 (𝑥 3 ) − 8 (𝑥 4 ) + 9 (𝑥 5 )
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
= 2(1) − 3(2𝑥)(1) − 5(3𝑥 2 )(1) − 8(4𝑥 3 )(1) + 9(5𝑥 5 )(1)
𝑥+5
8. 𝑦 = 2
𝑥 −1
2 𝑑 𝑑 2
𝑑𝑦 (𝑥 − 1) 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 + 5) − (𝑥 + 5) 𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 − 1) (𝑥 2 − 1)(1) − (𝑥 + 5)(2𝑥)
= =
𝑑𝑥 (𝑥 2 − 1)2 (𝑥 2 − 1)2
(Simplify!)
3−2𝑥
9. 𝑦 =
3+2𝑥
𝑑 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 (3 + 2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (3 − 2𝑥) − (3 − 2𝑥) 𝑑𝑥 (3 + 2𝑥) (3 + 2𝑥)(−2) − (3 − 2𝑥)(2)
= =
𝑑𝑥 (3 + 2𝑥)2 (3 + 2𝑥)2
(Simplify!)
1
10. 𝑦 = (3𝑥 2 4 = (3𝑥 2 + 5)−4
+5)
𝑑𝑦 𝑑
= −4(3𝑥 2 + 5)−5 (3 (𝑥 2 )) = −4(3𝑥 2 + 5)−5 (3)(2𝑥)
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
(Simplify!)
11. 𝑦 = 𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 1 and 𝑥 = 𝑡 2 + 2
𝑑𝑦
= 2𝑥 + 3
𝑑𝑥
𝑑𝑥
= 2𝑡
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑥
= ∙
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑡
(Simplify!)
12. 𝑦 = √1 + 𝑢 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑢 = √𝑥
𝑑𝑦 1 1 𝑑𝑢 1
= (1 + 𝑢)1−2 =
𝑑𝑢 2 𝑑𝑥 2√1 + 𝑢
𝑑𝑢 1 1
−1 1
= (𝑥)2 =
𝑑𝑥 2 2√ 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
= ∙
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
(Simplify!)
𝑢+1
13. 𝑦 = and 𝑢 = √𝑥
𝑢−1
𝑑 𝑑
𝑑𝑦 (𝑢 − 1) 𝑑𝑢 (𝑢 + 1) − (𝑢 + 1) 𝑑𝑢 (𝑢 − 1) (𝑢 − 1)(1) − (𝑢 + 1)(1)
= =
𝑑𝑢 (𝑢 − 1)2 (𝑢 − 1)2
𝑑𝑢 1 1−1 1
= (𝑥 2 ) =
𝑑𝑥 2 2√ 𝑥
𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑦 𝑑𝑢
= ∙
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑢 𝑑𝑥
(Simplify!)
14. 𝑥 2 𝑦 − 𝑥𝑦 2 + 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 0
𝑥 2 𝑦 ′ + 2𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥𝑦𝑦 ′ − 𝑦 2 + 2𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥 2 𝑦 ′ − 2𝑥𝑦𝑦 ′ + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 − 2𝑥
(Simplify!)
15. 4𝑥 2 − 2𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 0
8𝑥 − 2𝑥𝑦 ′ − 2𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
2𝑦𝑦 ′ − 2𝑥𝑦 ′ = 2𝑦 − 8𝑥
2𝑦 ′ (𝑦 − 𝑥) = 2(𝑦 − 4𝑥)
(Simplify!)
16. 𝑥 2 𝑦 + 3𝑦 − 4 = 0
𝑥 2 𝑦 ′ + 2𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥 2 𝑦 ′ + 3𝑦 ′ = −2𝑥𝑦
(Simplify!)
17. 𝑥𝑦 + 𝑦 2 = 1
𝑥𝑦 ′ + 𝑦 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥𝑦 ′ + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = −𝑦
18. 𝑥 3 − 𝑦 3 = 1
3𝑥 2 − 3𝑦 2 𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥2
𝑦′ = 2
𝑦
𝑦 2 𝑦" + 2𝑦𝑦′𝑦′ − 2𝑥 = 0
2𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑦′𝑦′
𝑦" =
𝑦2
2
𝑥2 2𝑥𝑦 3 − 2𝑥 4
2𝑥 − 2𝑦 ( 2 )
𝑦 𝑦3
𝑦" = 2
=
𝑦 𝑦2
(Simplify!)
19. 𝑥 = 𝑡 3 + 2𝑡 − 4 and 𝑦 = 𝑡 3 − 𝑡 + 2
𝑑𝑥
= 3𝑡 2 + 2
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
= 3𝑡 2 − 1
𝑑𝑡
𝑑𝑦
𝑑𝑦 3𝑡 2 − 1
= 𝑑𝑡 = 2
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 3𝑡 + 2
𝑑𝑡
2 𝑑 2 2 𝑑 2
𝑑 𝑦 (3𝑡 + 2) 𝑑𝑡 (3𝑡 − 1) − (3𝑡 − 1) 𝑑𝑡 (3𝑡 + 1) (3𝑡 2 + 2)(6𝑡) − (3𝑡 2 − 1)(6𝑡)
2
= =
𝑑𝑥 2 (3𝑡 2 + 2)2 (3𝑡 2 + 2)2
(Simplify!)
20. 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2
2𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥
𝑦′ =
𝑦
𝑦 ′ 𝑦 ′ + 𝑦𝑦" − 1 = 0
𝑦" = (1 − 𝑦′𝑦′)/𝑦
𝑥 2 𝑦2 − 𝑥 2
1−( )
𝑦 𝑦2
𝑦=( )=
𝑦 𝑦
(Simplify!)
21. Find the equations of the tangents to 9𝑥 2 + 16𝑦 2 = 52 that are parallel to the line 9𝑥 − 8𝑦 = 1.
Find the slope of the curve
18𝑥 + 32𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
18𝑥 (−2)(9𝑥) 9𝑥
𝑦′ = − = =−
32𝑦 (2)(16𝑦) 16𝑦
Find the slope of the line
9𝑥 − 8𝑦 = 1
9𝑥 − 1 = 8𝑦
9𝑥 1
− =𝑦
8 8
9
𝑚=
8
Equate 𝑦’ to 𝑚, then find x and y
9 9𝑥
=−
8 16𝑦
−2𝑦 = 𝑥
9(−2𝑦)2 + 16𝑦 2 = 52
36𝑦 2 + 16𝑦 2 = 52
52𝑦 2 = 52
𝑦 = ±1
𝑥 = ∓2
(−2, 1)(2, −1)
Find the equation of the line;
9 𝑦−1
=
8 𝑥+2
9(𝑥 + 2) = 8(𝑦 − 1)
9𝑥 + 18 − 8𝑦 + 8 = 0
9𝑥 − 8𝑦 + 26 = 0
9 𝑦+1
=
8 𝑥−2
9(𝑥 − 2) = 8(𝑦 + 1)
9𝑥 − 18 − 8𝑦 − 8 = 0
9𝑥 − 8𝑦 − 26 = 0
22. Examine 2𝑥 2 − 4𝑥𝑦 + 3𝑦 2 − 8𝑥 + 8𝑦 − 1 = 0 for minimum points.
4𝑥 − 4𝑥𝑦 ′ − 4𝑦 + 6𝑦𝑦 ′ − 8 + 8𝑦 ′ = 0
8𝑦 ′ + 6𝑦𝑦 ′ − 4𝑥𝑦 ′ = 8 + 4𝑦 − 4𝑥
2𝑦 ′ (4 + 3𝑦 − 4𝑥) = 2(4 + 2𝑦 − 2𝑥)
4 + 2𝑦 − 2𝑥
𝑦′ =
4 + 3𝑦 − 4𝑥
Let y’=0
0 = 4 + 2𝑦 − 2𝑥
𝑥 =2+𝑦
Find y;
2(2 + 𝑦)2 − 4(2 + 𝑦)𝑦 + 3𝑦 2 − 8(2 + 𝑦) + 8𝑦 − 1 = 0
2(4 + 4𝑦 + 𝑦 2 ) − 8𝑦 − 4𝑦 2 + 3𝑦 2 − 16 − 8𝑦 + 8𝑦 − 1 = 0
8 + 8𝑦 + 2𝑦 2 − 8𝑦 − 4𝑦 2 + 3𝑦 2 − 16 − 8𝑦 + 8𝑦 − 1
−9 + 𝑦 2 = 0
𝑦2 = 9
𝑦 = ±3
Then find x
𝑥 = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 − 1
(5,3) and (-1, -3)
23. Determine the point of inflection of the function 𝑦 = 3𝑥 4 − 10𝑥 3 − 12𝑥 2 − 7
Point of inflection is at y”=0
𝑦 ′ = 12𝑥 3 − 30𝑥 2 − 24𝑥
𝑦" = 36𝑥 2 − 60𝑥 − 24
0 = 12(3𝑥 2 − 5𝑥 − 2)
0 = (3𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 − 2)
1
𝑥 = − 𝑜𝑟 𝑥 = 2
3
322
𝑦=− 𝑜𝑟 𝑦 = −63
27
24. Find the equation of the line tangent to 𝑥 2 − 𝑦 2 = 7 at the point (4, − 3)
2𝑥 − 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥 4
𝑦′ = =
𝑦 −3
4
𝑚1 = −
3
4 𝑦+3
− =
3 𝑥−4
−4(𝑥 − 4) = 3(𝑦 + 3)
−4𝑥 + 16 = 3𝑦 + 9
4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 7
25. Find the acute angles of the intersection of the circle 𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 𝑦 2 = 0 and 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 8
Point of intersection
(𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 + 𝑦 2 = 0)
−(𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 8)
−4𝑥 = −8
𝑥=2
𝑦 2 = 8 − 𝑥 2 = 8 − 22
𝑦 = ±2
Slope 1
2𝑥 − 4 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
2−𝑥
𝑦′ =
𝑦
2−2
𝑚1 = =0
2
Slope 2
2𝑥 + 2𝑦𝑦 ′ = 0
𝑥
𝑦′ = −
𝑦
2
𝑚2 = − = 1
2
0−1
tan 𝜃 = =1
1 + (0)(1)
𝜃 = tan−1 1 = ______
(Simplify!)
1 1
26. 𝑦 = 𝑥 3 + 𝑥 2 − 6𝑥 + 8
3 2
′
1 2
1
𝑦 = (3𝑥 ) + (2𝑥) − 6
3 2
𝑦′ = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 − 6
0 = (𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 − 2)
43
𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = −3 𝑦 =
2
2
𝑎𝑡 𝑥 = 2 𝑦 =
3
27. 𝑥 = 𝑦 2 − 4𝑦
When it crosses the y-axis, 𝑥 = 0
0 = 𝑦(𝑦 − 4)
𝑦 = 0 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑦 = 4
𝑎𝑡 𝑦 = 0 𝑥 = 0
𝑎𝑡 𝑦 = 4 𝑥 = 0
Slope is
1 = 2𝑦𝑦 ′ − 4𝑦 ′
1
𝑦′ =
2𝑦 − 4
′
1 1
𝑦 = =−
(2)(0) − 4 4
1 1
𝑦′ = =
(2)(4) − 4 4