TENSES

Tenses adalah bentuk kata kerja dalam bahasa Inggris untuk menunjukkan waktu
(sekarang, masa depan, atau masa lalu) terjadinya suatu perbuatan atau peristiwa. Di
Indonesia dikenal 16 macam tenses bahasa Inggris.

Macam-Macam, Penggunaan, Rumus dan Contoh

Kalimat Tenses
Berikut macam-macam, penggunaan, rumus dan contoh 16 macam tenses bahasa Inggris.

1. Present Tense
a. Simple Present Tense
Simple present tense untuk menyatakan fakta, kebiasaan, dan kejadian yang terjadi pada saat
sekarang ini.
Rumus :
+ } S + V1 + O/C
- } S + Do/does + not + V1 + O/C
? } Do/does + S + V1 + O/C
Example :
+ } Sisca Reads book everyday
- } Sisca does not Read book everyday
? } does Sisca Read book everyday
Yes He does / No He does not (doesn’t)
For I, We, You, They = do
He, She, It = Does
Contoh kalimat :
(+) She is a new people here.
(+) He plays football every morning
(-) She isn’t a new people here.
(-) He does not playing football every morning.
(?) Is she a new people here?
(?) How playing football every morning?
b. Present Continuous Tense
Menerangkan suatu perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung pada waktu sekarang.
Rumus :
+ } S + Be + V1 + ing + O/C >> + } They are playing badminton now
- } S + Be + not + V1 + ing + O/C >> – } They are not playing badminton now
? } Be + S + V1 + ing + O/C >> ? } Are they playing badminton now ?
Yes They are / no they are not
For I = am
They, we, you = are
He, She, It = Is
Contoh dalam kalimat :
(+) He is playing badminton now
(-) He isn’t playing badminton now.
(?) Is he playing badminton now.

c. Present Perfect Tense

Present perfect tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aktivitas atau situasi yang telah
dimulai di masa lalu dan telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu di masa lalu atau masih
berlanjut sampai sekarang.
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb+main verb
Contoh :
(+) you have eaten mine.
(-) she has not been to Rome
(?) have you finished?
d. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
Present perfect continuous tense untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang telah selesai pada suatu
titik dimasa lampau atau aksi telah dimulai di masa lalu dan terus berlanjut sampai sekarang.
Biasanya aksi tersebut ada durasi waktu tertentu dan ada relevansinya dengan kondisi
sekarang.
Rumus :
(+): S + have/has + been + Ving
(-): S + have/has + not + been + Ving
(?): Have/has + S + been + Ving
Contoh :
(+) She has been going to Malang since evening.
(+) We have been riding a horse for three days
(-) She hasn’t been going to Malang since evening.
(-) We haven’t been riding a horse for three days.
(?) Has she been going to Malang ?
(?) Have He been riding a horse for three days ?

2. Past Tense
a. Simple Past Tense
Simple past tense untuk menunjukkan bahwa suatu kejadian terjadi di masa lampau.

Rumus :
+} S+Be+Was/Were+O/C
-} S+Be+Was/Were+not+O/C
?} Be+Was/Were+ S+O/C
Example :
+} We were at school yesterday
-} We were not at school yesterday
?} Were we at school yesterday ?
For I, He, She, It = Was
They, we, you = were
Contoh :
(+) I saw a good film last night
(+) He came here last month
(-) I saw not a good film last night
(-) He came not last month
(?) Saw I a good film last night
(?) Came He here last month

b. Past Continuous Tense

Past continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi sedang terjadi pada
waktu tertentu di masa lampau.
Rumus :
(+): S + was/were + Ving
(-): S + was/were + NOT + Ving
(?): Was/Were + S + Ving
Contoh :
(+) He was watching television all afternoon last week
(+) They were talking about sport when I met him
(-) He wasn’t watching television all afternoon last week
(-) They weren’t talking about sport when I met him
(?) Was He watching television all afternoon last week
(?) Were they talking about sport when I met him

c. Past Perfect Tense

Past perfect tense untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi telah selesai pada suatu titik di masa
lalu sebelum aksi lainnya terjadi.
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
(+): S + had + V3
(-): S + had + not + V3
(?): Had + S + V3
Contoh :
(+) When my brother arrived, I had painted my motor cycle
(+) The ship had left before I arrived
(-) When my brother arrived, I hadn’t painted my motor cycle
(-) The ship hadn’t left before I arrived
(?) Had I my motor cycle, when my brother arrived ?
(?) Had the ship left before I arrived?

d. Past Perfect Continuous Tense

Past perfect continuous tense digunakan untuk mengungkapkan suatu aksi (dengan durasi
waktu tertentu) telah selesai pada suatu titik waktu tertentu dimasa lalu.
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) They had been living there for two month
(+) When they washed my dress, your father had been playing badminton
(-) They hadn’t been living there for two month
(-) When they washed my dress, your father hadn’t been playing badminton
(?) Had they been living there for two month?
(?) When they washed my dress, had your father been playing badminton?
3. Future Tense

a. Simple Future Tense

Simple future tense untuk menyatakan bahwa suatu aksi terjadi dimasa depan, secara spontan
atau terencana.

Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will visit to Yogyakarta tomorrow.
(+) he will met girl friend by seven o’clock
(?) Will he go to America next month?
(+) President shall at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(-) President shall not at Nederland the day after tomorrow.
(?) Shall President at Nederland the day after tomorrow?

b. Future Continuous Tense

Future continuous tense untuk mengungkapkan aksi yang akan sedang terjadi pada waktu
tertentu di masa depan.
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will be writing a comic.
(+) I will be studying tomorrow night.
(-) I will not writing a comic.
(-) I will not be studying tomorrow night.
(?) Will I be writing a comic ?
(?) Will I be studying tomorrow night ?
c. Future Perfect Tense
Future perfect tense untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aktivitas akan sudah selesai pada
suatu titik waktu di masa depan.
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will have finished by 10am.
(+) You will have forgotten me by then.
(-) She will not have gone to school.
(-) We will not have left.
(?) Will you have arrived?
(?) Will they have received?

d. Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Future perfect continuous tense untuk mengungkapkan bahwa suatu aksi akan sudah
berlangsung selama sekian lama pada titik waktu tertentu di masa depan.
Rumus :
subject+auxiliary verb WILL+auxiliary verb HAVE+auxiliary verb BE+main verb
Contoh :
(+) I will have been reading a news paper.
(+) He will have been listening music.
(-) I will haven’t been reading a news paper.
(-) He will haven’t listening a music.
(?) Will I have been riding a news paper ?
(?) Will He have listening a music ?

4. Past Future Tense

a. Past Future Tense

Simple past future tense untuk menyatakan suatu aksi yang akan dilakukan, membuat
prediksi, dan membuat janji di masa depan pada saat berada dimasa lalu.
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + V1
Negatif: S + would + not + V1
Tanya: Would + S + V1
Contoh :
(+) He would come if you invited him.
(+) They would buy a home the previous day.
(-) He wouldn’t come if invited him.
(-) They wouldn’t buy a home the previous day.
(?) Would He come if invited him ?
(?) Would they buy a home the previous day ?

b. Past Future Continuous Tense

Past future continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja untuk menyatakan aksi atau
situasi imajiner yang sedang berlangsung apabila unreal condition-nya terpenuhi (present
continuous conditional ~ conditional sentence type 2 dengan continuous tense).
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + be + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + be + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + be + Ving
Contoh :
(+) I should be swimming at this time the following day.
(+) I shall be sliping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(-) I shouldn’t be swimming at this time the following day.
(-) I Shall not be sleeping at 10 o’clock tomorrow.
(?) Shall I be swimming at this time the following day ?
(?) Shall I be sleeping at10 o’clock tomorrow ?

c. Past Future Perfect Tense

Past future perfect tense untuk membicarakan suatu aksi yang tidak terjadi di masa lalu
(conditional sentence type 3).
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + V3
Negatif: S + would + not + have + V3
Tanya: Would + S + have + V3
Contoh :
(+) He would have graduated if he had studies hard.
(+) Nonok will have studied moth by the end of this week.
(-) He wouldn’t have gone if he had met his darling
(-) Nonok will have not studied month by the end of this week
(?) Would He have gone if he had met his darling ?
(?) Will Nonok have studied month by the end of this week ?

d. Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Past future perfect continuous tense adalah suatu bentuk kata kerja untuk menyatakan
suatu aksi atau situasi imajiner sedang berlangsung pada titik tertentu atau selama periode
tertentu di masa lampau (perfect continuous conditional ~ conditional type 3 dengan
continuous)
Rumus :
Positif: S + would + have + been + Ving
Negatif: S + would + not + have + been + Ving
Tanya: Would + S + have + been + Ving
 MAKALAH
PENGERTIAN, CONTOH KALIMAT DAN RUMUS 16
TENSES BAHASA INGGRIS BESERTA CONTOH
KALIMAT AKTIF DAN PASIF

DISUSUN OLEH:
NAMA: DAVID WIDANTA
KELAS: XII IPA 4

PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN BENGKULU SELATAN

DINAS PENDIDIKAN PEMUDA DAN OLAHRAGA
SMA NEGERI 5 BENGKULU SELATAN
TP. 2015/2016
 CONTOH KALIMAT AKTIF DAN PASIF DALAM SEMUA BENTUK
TENSES

Active Passive
Simple Present
Twice a month, Tony cleans the Twice a month, the room
room. is cleaned by Tony.
Present Continuous
Right now, Sally is cleaning the Right now, the floor is
floor. being cleaned by Sally.
Simple Past
The radio was repaired by
Samadi repaired the radio.
Samadi.
The customer was being
Past Continuous The security was helping the
helped by the security
customer when the thief came into
when the thief came into
the bank.
the bank.
Present Perfect
Many peoples have visited that That cemetery has been
cemetery. visited by many peoples.
Present Perfect Continuous
Recently, Joshua has been doing Recently, the job has been
the job. being done by Joshua.
Many computers had
Past Perfect Gerry had repaired many
been repaired by Gerry
computers before he received his
before he received his
license.
license.
The dinners had been
Past Perfect Continuous The Chef had been preparing the being prepared by the
dinners for three years before he Chef for three years
moved to Swiss. before he moved to
Swiss.
Simple Future will
Sam will finish the work by 7:00 The work will be finished
PM. by 7:00 PM.
Simple Future be going to
Sally is going to make a dinner A dinner is going to be
tonight. made by Sally tonight.
Future Continuous will At 9:00 PM tonight, the
At 9:00 PM tonight, Josh will be
desk will be being
cleaning the desk.
cleaned by Josh.
Future Continuous be going to At 9:00 PM tonight, the
At 9:00 PM tonight, Josh going to
desk are going to be being
be cleaning the desk.
cleaned by Josh.
Future Perfect will The job will have been
Peoples will have completed the
completed before the
job before the deadline.
deadline.
Future Perfect be going to Peoples are going to have The job is going to have
completed the job before the been completed before the
deadline. deadline.
The building will have
Future Perfect Continuous will Andi will have been painting the
been being painted by
building for over six months by the
Andi for over six months
time it is finished.
by the time it is finished.
The building is going to
Future Perfect Continuous be
Andi is going to have been have been being painted
going to
painting the building for over six by Andi for over six
months by the time it is finished. months by the time it is
finished.
Used to
The window used to be
Jeremy used to close the window.
closhed by Jeremy.
Would Always The telescope would
My father would always make the
always be made by my
telescope.
father.
Future in the Past Would
You knew Nathan would finish the You knew the job would
job by 4:00 PM. be finished by 4:00 PM.
We thought a dinner was
Future in the Past Was Going We thought Sarah was going to
going to be made by
to make a dinner tonight.
Sarah tonight.