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    Lecture Notes (Chapter 1.1 (A) - Domain and Range)

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    Syamim Hamizan
    1. The document defines domain and range for functions of several variables. The domain is the set of input values, and the range is the set of output values. 2. It provides examples of finding the domain and range for functions of two variables. The domain is defined based on any restrictions from operations like square roots or logarithms. 3. Four examples find the domain and range for specific multi-variable functions, and sketch the domain region based on the defining inequalities.

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    Lecture Notes (Chapter 1.1 (A) - Domain and Range)

    Uploaded by

    Syamim Hamizan
    17K views4 pages
    1. The document defines domain and range for functions of several variables. The domain is the set of input values, and the range is the set of output values. 2. It provides examples of finding the domain and range for functions of two variables. The domain is defined based on any restrictions from operations like square roots or logarithms. 3. Four examples find the domain and range for specific multi-variable functions, and sketch the domain region based on the defining inequalities.

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    Lecture Notes (Chapter 1.1(a)_Domain and Range)

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    1. The document defines domain and range for functions of several variables. The domain is the set of input values, and the range is the set of output values. 2. It provides examples of finding the domain and range for functions of two variables. The domain is defined based on any restrictions from operations like square roots or logarithms. 3. Four examples find the domain and range for specific multi-variable functions, and sketch the domain region based on the defining inequalities.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Download as pdf or txt
    17K views4 pages

    Lecture Notes (Chapter 1.1 (A) - Domain and Range)

    Uploaded by

    Syamim Hamizan
    1. The document defines domain and range for functions of several variables. The domain is the set of input values, and the range is the set of output values. 2. It provides examples of finding the domain and range for functions of two variables. The domain is defined based on any restrictions from operations like square roots or logarithms. 3. Four examples find the domain and range for specific multi-variable functions, and sketch the domain region based on the defining inequalities.

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    1 Chapter 1: Functions of Several Variables

    Domain and Range

     Definition
    Domain - Set of values D of which a function is defined
    Range - Set of values to which D is sent by the function

    To find the domain of a function, we must know the values of which the function
    is undefined.

     Notation for Domain and Range


    For functions of two variables, the general way of writing the domain and range are:
    Domain, D = { ( x, y ) : any restriction, if applicable, x  R, y  R }
    Range, R = {z: any restriction, if applicable, z  R }

    For function of two variables, the domain is the xy-plane (or plane z = 0).

    Similarly, the general way of writing the domain and range for functions of three
    variables are:
    Domain, D = { ( x, y, z ) : any restriction, if applicable, x  R, y  R, z  R }
    Range, R = {w: any restriction, if applicable, w  R }

     Some Common Restrictions for Certain Functions


    In order to determine the domain and range for functions, particular attention has to
    be paid on functions involving square root, reciprocal, trigonometry, logarithm and
    exponential function.

    The restrictions on the aforementioned functions are listed as follows:


    Functions Example Restriction Remarks
    Square Root n f , where n  2,4,... f 0 If f  0 , n f will become
    (n even number) complex number
    Reciprocal 1 f 0 Any number divided by 0
    f is undefined
    Trigonometry sin( f ) or cos( f ) No f can be any real number
    restriction
    Logarithm log f or ln f f 0 log/ ln for 0 or negative
    number is undefined
    Exponent e f No f can be any real number
    restriction
    2 Chapter 1: Functions of Several Variables

    More caution needed whenever to determine the range of logarithm function.

    For x  0 , log x or ln x undefined

    For 0  x  1 , log x or ln x < 0

    For x = 1, log x or ln x = 0

    For x  1 , log x or ln x > 0

    For any value of x, e x  0

    Example 1

    Find the domain and range of the function f ( x, y )  25  x 2  y 2 . Next, sketch the
    domain.

    Solution

    The domain of f ( x, y ) is the set of all points that satisfy the inequality:

    25  x 2  y 2  0
    x 2  y 2  25

     The domain is: D  {( x, y ) | x 2  y 2  25, x  R, y  R}

    The range is: R  {z : z  0, z  R}


    y

    5 Recall that the equation of circle with


    radius r and center (h, k ) is

    x
    -5 5 ( x  h)2  ( y  k )2  r 2

    -5
    3 Chapter 1: Functions of Several Variables

    Example 2

    x  2y
    Find the domain and range of the function f ( x, y )  . Next, sketch the domain.
    x  2y

    Solution

    x  2y
    Since is defined only for x  2 y  0
    x  2y

     The domain is: D  {( x, y ) | x  2 y  0, x  R, y  R}

    The range is: R  {z : z  R}

    x  2 y

    Example 3

    Find the domain and range of the function f ( x, y )  ln(1  x 2  y 2 ) . Next, sketch the domain.

    Solution

    Since ln(1  x 2  y 2 ) is defined only when 1  x 2  y 2  0 ,

     x2  y 2  1

     The domain is: D  {( x, y ) | x 2  y 2  1, x  R, y  R}

    The range is: R  {z : z  R}

    y
    1

    x
    -1 x2+y2=1 1

    -1
    4 Chapter 1: Functions of Several Variables

    Example 4

    Find the domain and range of the function f ( x, y)  y 2  x . Next, sketch the domain.

    Solution

    Since f ( x, y)  y 2  x is only defined when y 2  x  0 ,

     y2  x

     The domain is: D  {( x, y) | y 2  x, x  R, y  R}

    The range is: R  {z : z  0, z  R}

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