How to Solve Number System Questions in

Exams

I would discuss 4 important and simple rules to solve Number System questions
during exam.

These are –

Types of Numbers

Number System Divisibility Test

Number System Division & Remainder Rules

Number System Sum Rules

To refine your knowledge, We have also provided -

Number System Formulas

Number System Questions asked in Competitive Exams

I would like to begin with the basic classification of numbers. Here we go..!

Number System in Quantitative Aptitude – Types of Numbers

Below you can check the types of numbers in Maths along with their definitions and get
edified well!

Natural Numbers – All positive or non-negative counting numbers. The set of natural
numbers are commonly denoted as N.

Example - (1, 2, 3,4…..∞).

Whole Numbers – If we add zero in natural numbers set then it becomes whole
numbers set.

Example - (0, 1, 2, 3,4…..∞).

Integers – Integers are all whole numbers which include negative numbers as well as
positive numbers.

Example - (∞......-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5....∞).

Even & Odd Numbers – If the number is divided by 2 then it is called even number and
if it is not then the numbers are called odd numbers.

Example - (0,2,4,6,8,10,12.....∞) are even numbers and (1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19....∞)

are odd numbers.

Prime Numbers – If a number is divided by itself only then it is called prime number.
Prime Numbers can be positive or negative except 1.

Example - (2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61....∞)
 Composite Numbers – Natural numbers which are not prime are called composite
numbers.

Example – (4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,18,20,21,22,……….. ∞)

Co-Prime Numbers - Two natural number a and b are said to be co-prime if their HCF is
1.

In a simpler way, two integers (a and b) are coprime (or relatively prime) if they share no
common factors. In other words, there is no number, other than 1, that divides both a and
b evenly.

Example - 6 and 35 are coprime, because the factors of 6, 2 and 3, do not divide 35 evenly. 6
and 27 are not coprime, because 3 divides both 6 and 27.

Number System in Quantitative Aptitude – Divisibility Test

Know the shortcuts for Number System Divisibility Test by scrolling down.

Divisible by 2 – If a number ends with

0,2,4,6,8 then the number is divisible by 2.

Example – 254, 326, 3548, 4210. All number

ends with 4,6,8,0 so these numbers are
divisible by 2.

Divisible by 3 - If sum of all the digits of a

number is divisible by 3, then the number
itself, is also divisible by 3.

Example – 375,4251,78123. Here we are

taking another example of 549 – 5+4+9 = 18
which is divisible by 3, so 549 is also
divisible by 3.
 Divisible by 4 – If the last two digits of any
number is divisible by 4, then the number is
also divisible by 4.

Example – 2348.Here last two digits 48 are

divisible by 4, so 2348 is also divisible by 4.

Divisible by 5 – If a number ends with 0 or

5, then it is divisible by 5.

Example – 340, 625.

Divisible by 6 – If a number is divisible by

both 2 and 3, then it is divisible by 6 as well.

Example – 4536. Here the number ends on 6

which is divisible by 2 and the sum of digits
(4+5+3+6 = 18) which is divisible by 3 also,
so the number 4536 is divisible by 6.

Divisible by 8 – If the last three digits of a

number can be divided by 8, then the
number is divisible by 8.

Example – 746848. Here last 3 digits 848 are

divided by 8, hence the number 746848 is
divisible by 8.

Divisible by 10 – If a number ends with 0,

then it is divisible by 10.
Example – 120, 330, 500.

Divisible by 11 – If (sum of its digit in odd

places) is subtracted by (sum of its digits in
even places) = 0 or multiple of 11, then the
number is divisible by 11.

Example – 39798846Sum of digits at odd

places = 3+7+8+4 = 22 Sum of digits at even
places = 9+9+9+6 = 33Now -> 33-22 = 11
which is multiple of 11 so number is
divisible.

Divisible by 12 – If a number is divisible by

3 and 4 both, then it will also be divisible by
12 as well.

Example – 4848 is divisible by 3 and 4 both,

so it will be divisible by 12 also.

Divisible by 14 – If a number is divisible by

2 and 7 both, then it will also be divisible by
14 as well.

Example – 4242 is divisible by 2 and 7 both,

so it will be divisible by 14 also.

Divisible by 15 – If a number is divisible by

3 and 5 both, then it will also be divisible by
15 as well.

Example – 4545 is divisible by 3 and 5 both,

so it will be divisible by 15 also.
 Divisible by 16 – A number is divisible by
16, if the number formed by the last4 digits
is divisible by 16.

Example - 7957536 Last four digits 7536 are

divisible by 16.

Divisible by 24 – If a number is divisible by

3 and 8 both, then it will also be divisible by
14 as well.

Example – 4848 is divisible by 3 and 8 both,

so it will be divisible by 24 also.

Divisible by 40 – If a number is divisible by

5 and 8 both, then it will also be divisible by
40 as well.

Example – 8080 is divisible by 5 and 8 both,

so it will be divisible by 40 also.

Divisible by 80 – If a number is divisible by

5 and 16 both, then it will also be divisible
by 80 as well.

Example – 80160 is divisible by 5 and 16

both, so it will be divisible by 80 also.

Quantitative Aptitude – Division and Remainder Rules

As per the Number Systems’ Division and Remainder Rules, we have to divide an integer
(dividend) with another integer (divisor) and get the quotient and remainder values.

Eduncle has come up with the easiest method of solving long division calculations.

Example – Here we take 487 as dividend and 32 as divisor. Now we have to find out the
quotient and remainder.

Let’s have a look!

We set up our
problem with
the long
division
symbol or the
long division
bracket. Put
the dividend
on the inside
and the
divisor on the
outside, left.

Divide the
first number
of the
dividend by 4 ÷ 32 =
the 0with a
divisor.You remainder
can note the of 4
remainder
but ignore it
for now.
 The whole
number
result, 0, is
placed on top
to start the
quotient. That
number is
then
32 * 0 = 0
multiplied by
the
divisor.The
result is
placed under
the number
we just
divided into.

Next,
subtract the
bottom 4-0=4
number from
the top.

Next, we
bring down
the next 48
number of
the dividend.
 We now
divide this
number (48)
by the divisor
(32). Again,
You can note
the remainder
but ignore it
for now.Note
that you
could skip all
of the
previous
steps with
48 ÷ 32 =
zeros and
1 with a
jump straight
remainder
to this one if
of 16
you realize
how many
digits in the
dividend you
need to get
your first
non-zero
value in the
quotient. In
this case you
would divide
32 into 48
straight
away.

The whole
number
result (1) of
this
equation is
placed in
the second 32 * 1 =
position of 32
the quotient.

Like the first

go around,
we then
multiply that
number by
the divisor.

Again, the
result is
placed
under the
number
divided into.

Subtract the
product, 32,
48 - 32 =
from the
16
number
above it.

Bring down
the next
167
number from
the dividend.
 Divide this
number (167) 167 ÷ 32 =
by the divisor 5 with a
(32). See a remainder
pattern of 7
emerging?

The whole
number
result (5) of
this equation
is placed in
the next
position of
the
quotient. Just 32 * 5 =
like before, 160
multiply that
number by
the
divisor.Again,
the result is
placed under
the number
divided into.
 Subtract the
result from 167 - 160
the number =7
above

As this is the
last number,
the amount
487 ÷ 32 =
left over (7) is
15 with a
the remainder
remainder
and the
of 7
quotient is
15. We're all
done.

15 is the quotient and 7 is the remainder.

In case we have given with the quotient or remainder and have to find out the values of
dividend or divisor, then we can use the formula given below-
 “Dividend = (Divisor*Quotient) + Remainder Orx = kq + r”

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Saloni Jain @Eduncle posted an Article

February 22, 2019 • 12:16 pm

How to Solve Number System Questions in Exams

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Greetings Knowledge Seekers!

Eduncle has come up with series for Number System tricks to edify Quantitative Aptitude
and Logical Reasoning in an interesting manner.

This series will up-skill you with the QA and LR knowledge and also enhance your speed and
accuracy to attempt more questions in minimal time.

Download free PDF's of Quantitative Sample Question Papers and Enhance your skills
by solving them!

The amazing short tricks and methods for solving Maths Number System questions are
discussed below.

Here in this blog, I would discuss 4 important and simple rules to solve Number System
questions during exam.

These are –

Types of Numbers

Number System Divisibility Test

Number System Division & Remainder Rules

Number System Sum Rules

To refine your knowledge, We have also provided -

Number System Formulas

Number System Questions asked in Competitive Exams

I would like to begin with the basic classification of numbers. Here we go..!

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Number System in Quantitative Aptitude – Types of Numbers

Below you can check the types of numbers in Maths along with their definitions and get
edified well!

Natural Numbers – All positive or non-negative counting numbers. The set of natural
numbers are commonly denoted as N.

Example - (1, 2, 3,4…..∞).

Whole Numbers – If we add zero in natural numbers set then it becomes whole numbers
set.
Example - (0, 1, 2, 3,4…..∞).

Integers – Integers are all whole numbers which include negative numbers as well as
positive numbers.

Example - (∞......-4,-3,-2,-1,0,1,2,3,4,5....∞).

Even & Odd Numbers – If the number is divided by 2 then it is called even number and if it
is not then the numbers are called odd numbers.

Example - (0,2,4,6,8,10,12.....∞) are even numbers and (1,3,5,7,9,11,13,15,17,19....∞) are

odd numbers.
Prime Numbers – If a number is divided by itself only then it is called prime number. Prime
Numbers can be positive or negative except 1.

Example - (2,3,5,7,11,13,17,19,23,29,31,37,41,43,47,53,59,61....∞)

Composite Numbers – Natural numbers which are not prime are called composite numbers.

Example – (4,6,8,9,10,12,14,15,16,18,20,21,22,……….. ∞)
Co-Prime Numbers - Two natural number a and b are said to be co-prime if their HCF is 1.

In a simpler way, two integers (a and b) are coprime (or relatively prime) if they share no
common factors. In other words, there is no number, other than 1, that divides both a and b
evenly.

Example - 6 and 35 are coprime, because the factors of 6, 2 and 3, do not divide 35 evenly. 6
and 27 are not coprime, because 3 divides both 6 and 27.

Number System in Quantitative Aptitude – Divisibility Test

Know the shortcuts for Number System Divisibility Test by scrolling down.

Divisible by 2 – If a number ends with 0,2,4,6,8

then the number is divisible by 2.

Example – 254, 326, 3548, 4210. All number ends

with 4,6,8,0 so these numbers are divisible by 2.

Divisible by 3 - If sum of all the digits of a number

is divisible by 3, then the number itself, is also
divisible by 3.

Example – 375,4251,78123. Here we are taking

another example of 549 – 5+4+9 = 18 which is
divisible by 3, so 549 is also divisible by 3.
Divisible by 4 – If the last two digits of any
number is divisible by 4, then the number is also
divisible by 4.

Example – 2348.Here last two digits 48 are

divisible by 4, so 2348 is also divisible by 4.

Divisible by 5 – If a number ends with 0 or 5, then

it is divisible by 5.

Example – 340, 625.

Divisible by 6 – If a number is divisible by both 2

and 3, then it is divisible by 6 as well.

Example – 4536. Here the number ends on 6

which is divisible by 2 and the sum of digits
(4+5+3+6 = 18) which is divisible by 3 also, so the
number 4536 is divisible by 6.

Divisible by 8 – If the last three digits of a number

can be divided by 8, then the number is divisible
by 8.

Example – 746848. Here last 3 digits 848 are

divided by 8, hence the number 746848 is divisible
by 8.

Divisible by 10 – If a number ends with 0, then it

is divisible by 10.
Example – 120, 330, 500.

Divisible by 11 – If (sum of its digit in odd places)

is subtracted by (sum of its digits in even places) =
0 or multiple of 11, then the number is divisible by
11.

Example – 39798846Sum of digits at odd places =

3+7+8+4 = 22 Sum of digits at even places =
9+9+9+6 = 33Now -> 33-22 = 11 which is multiple
of 11 so number is divisible.

Divisible by 12 – If a number is divisible by 3 and 4

both, then it will also be divisible by 12 as well.

Example – 4848 is divisible by 3 and 4 both, so it

will be divisible by 12 also.

Divisible by 14 – If a number is divisible by 2 and 7

both, then it will also be divisible by 14 as well.

Example – 4242 is divisible by 2 and 7 both, so it

will be divisible by 14 also.

Divisible by 15 – If a number is divisible by 3 and 5

both, then it will also be divisible by 15 as well.

Example – 4545 is divisible by 3 and 5 both, so it

will be divisible by 15 also.
Divisible by 16 – A number is divisible by 16, if the
number formed by the last4 digits is divisible by
16.

Example - 7957536 Last four digits 7536 are

divisible by 16.

Divisible by 24 – If a number is divisible by 3 and 8

both, then it will also be divisible by 14 as well.

Example – 4848 is divisible by 3 and 8 both, so it

will be divisible by 24 also.

Divisible by 40 – If a number is divisible by 5 and 8

both, then it will also be divisible by 40 as well.

Example – 8080 is divisible by 5 and 8 both, so it

will be divisible by 40 also.

Divisible by 80 – If a number is divisible by 5 and

16 both, then it will also be divisible by 80 as well.

Example – 80160 is divisible by 5 and 16 both, so it

will be divisible by 80 also.
Number System PDF in Quantitative Aptitude – Division and
Remainder Rules

As per the Number Systems’ Division and Remainder Rules, we have to divide an integer
(dividend) with another integer (divisor) and get the quotient and remainder values.

Eduncle has come up with the easiest method of solving long division calculations.

Example – Here we take 487 as dividend and 32 as divisor. Now we have to find out the
quotient and remainder.

Let’s have a look!

We set up our
problem with
the long
division
symbol or the
long division
bracket. Put
the dividend
on the inside
and the
divisor on the
outside, left.
 Divide the
first number
of the
dividend by 4 ÷ 32 =
the 0with a
divisor.You remainder
can note the of 4
remainder
but ignore it
for now.

The whole
number
result, 0, is
placed on top
to start the
quotient. That
number is
then
32 * 0 = 0
multiplied by
the
divisor.The
result is
placed under
the number
we just
divided into.

Next, subtract
the bottom
4-0=4
number from
the top.
 Next, we
bring down
the next 48
number of
the dividend.

We now
divide this
number (48)
by the divisor
(32). Again,
You can note
the remainder
but ignore it
for now.Note
that you
could skip all
of the
previous
steps with 48 ÷ 32 =
zeros and 1 with a
jump straight remainder
to this one if of 16
you realize
how many
digits in the
dividend you
need to get
your first non-
zero value in
the
quotient. In
this case you
would divide
32 into 48
straight away.
 The whole
number
result (1) of
this
equation is
placed in the
second
position of
the quotient.

Like the
first go
around, we 32 * 1 =
then 32
multiply
that number
by the
divisor.

Again, the
result is
placed
under the
number
divided into.

Subtract the
product, 32,
48 - 32 =
from the
16
number
above it.
 Bring down
the next
167
number from
the dividend.

Divide this
number (167) 167 ÷ 32 =
by the divisor 5 with a
(32). See a remainder
pattern of 7
emerging?

The whole
number result
(5) of this
equation is
placed in the
next position
of the
quotient. Just
32 * 5 =
like before,
160
multiply that
number by
the
divisor.Again,
the result is
placed under
the number
divided into.
 Subtract the
result from 167 - 160
the number =7
above

As this is the
last number,
the amount
487 ÷ 32 =
left over (7) is
15 with a
the remainder
remainder
and the
of 7
quotient is
15. We're all
done.

15 is the quotient and 7 is the remainder.

In case we have given with the quotient or remainder and have to find out the values of
dividend or divisor, then we can use the formula given below-
 “Dividend = (Divisor*Quotient) + Remainder Orx = kq + r”

Number System in Maths (Quantitative Aptitude) – Sum Rules

Here we’ll be discussing the basic formulas of Arithmetic Progression and Geometrical
Progression.

Arithmetic Progression

If An A.P. with first term a and common difference d is given as-

a, (a+d), (a+2d), (a+3d), ..... a, (a+d), (a+2d), (a+3d) ,.....

Then the formula to calculate its nth term will be – Tn = a + (n−1) * d.

The sum of n terms of this A.P.

Sn = (n2) * [2a +(n − 1) * d]Sn = (n2) ∗ (first term + last term).

Also practice with -

(1+2+3+.........+n) = ½ * n * (n+1)

(12+22+32+.........+n2) = 1/6 * n * (n+1) * (2n+1)

(13+23+33+.........+n3) = 1/4 * n2 * (n+1) * 2.

Geometric Progression

A G.P. with first term a and common ratio r is –

a, ar, ar2, ..... : a, ar, ar2, .....

In this G.P. nth term = Tn = a*r(n−1)

Sum of n terms=

Sn = a * (1−rn) / (1−r)Sn = a * (1−rn) / (1−r); when r>1.

Number System Formulas – Learn the Basics!

Sample Maths Number System Questions – FAQ’s!

Type-1: Given a number x, you will be asked to find the largest n digit number divisible by x.

Type-2: You will be given with a set of numbers (n1, n2, n3...) and asked to find how many of
those numbers are divisible by a specified number x.
Type-3: Given a number series, find the sum of n terms, find nth term etc.

Type-4: Find product of two numbers when their sum/difference and sum of their squares is
given.

Type-5: Find the number when divisibility of its digits with certain numbers is given.

Type-6: Find the smallest n digit number divisible by x.

Type-7: Which of the given numbers are prime numbers.

Type-8: Number x when divided by y gives remainder r, what will be the remainder
when x2 is divided by y.

Type-9: Given relationship between the digits of number, find the number.

Type-10: Find result of operations (additions, subtractions, multiplications, divisions etc.) on

given integers. These integers can be large and the question may look difficult and time
consuming. But mostly the question will map onto one of the known algebraic equations
given in this first tab.