FORCE SUMMARY TABLE

MAXIMUM Fy CASE:
Loads
FX Fy Fz

Dead Load 0.00 kN/ Block 6.68 kN/ Block 0.00 kN/ Block
kN/ kN/ kN/
Live Load 0.00 85.00 0.00
Wheel Wheel Wheel
Lurching & kN/ kN/ kN/
4.12 10.20 0.00
Racking Force Wheel Wheel Wheel
Centrifugal kN/ kN/ kN/
25.23 32.17 0.00
Force wheel Wheel wheel
Braking &
0.00 kN/ Block 0.00 kN/ Block 2.16 kN/ Block
Traction
SIDL 0.00 kN/ Block 0.62 kN/ Block 0.00 kN/ Block
Radial Force
2.30 kN/ Block 0.00 kN/ Block 0.00 kN/ Block
due to Temp.
kN/ kN/ kN/
Earthquake 27.69 35.31 0.00
wheel wheel wheel
LWR 0.00 kN/ Block 0.00 kN/ Block 21.00 kN/ Block
Derailment
47.60 kN/ Block 0.00 kN/ Block 0.00 kN/ Block
Load
kN/ kN/ kN/
wind Load 0.00 0.00 0.00
Wheel Wheel Wheel

Max Fy Case:
ULS 51.35 44.31 55.15 0.00 83.30
FX
SLS 32.28 27.69 42.36 31.64 47.60
ULS 306.87 66.10 172.65 0.00 9.59
Fy
SLS 194.29 42.74 127.68 177.30 7.43
ULS 3.78 0.00 1.51 0.00 0.00
FZ
SLS 2.38 0.00 1.08 23.16 0.00

Note:
i) It is assumed that all wheel/axel loads are transferred directly to the single fastener.
ii) As the forces like dead load, SIDL etc are uniformly distributed over the length of
rail/plinth, hence these forces are calculated as per fastener loads. Other forces like live
load and wind load acting over live load are transferred to the track plinth through
wheel/axel, hence these loads are calculated as per axel/wheel loads. Hence forces per
wheel/axel are added directly to the per fastener forces.
1) SHEAR INTERFACE BETWEEN CONCRETE CAST AT DIFFERENT TIMES

The shear interface check has been done by:

A. EN-1992-1-1:2000
B. AASHTO LFRD Bridge Design Specifications 2012

A) As per Cl 6.2.5, EN-1992-1-1:2000, the shear stress at the interface between concrete cast at
different times shouls satisfy the following:

Firstly, we will check if design shear stress is lesser than design shear resistance at the interface without
shear connectors. If the above is true then there is no need for shear connectors, else shear connectors
shall be provided.

The design value of the shear stress in the interface,

which is derived from the expression shown below:

where,
Fv Shear force in the interface.
bi is the width of the interface.
∆x1 length of load transfer area (longitudinal section)
= 30+284+30
= 344 mm 344 584
∆x2 length of load transfer area (longitudinal section)
= 150+284+150
= 584 mm 715
bi width of load transfer area (transverse section)
= 30+535+150
= 715 mm

Fv = 83.3 kN (Assuming that the horizontal force is transferred

fully to the interface area in worst case)

Design shear stress at interface:

VEdi = 0.25 MPa

The design shear resistance at the interface,

where,
c & μ are factors which depend on the roughness of the interface.
c = 0.2 (For a slipformed or extruded surface, or a free surface left
μ = 0.6 without further treatment.)
 fctd the design tensile strength
(ref: Cl 3.1.6, EN 1992-1-1:2000)

αct = 1
Grade of First stage concrete = M35 or C28.57/35
fck,cube = 35 Mpa
Grade of Track concrete = M35 or C28.57/35
fck,cube = 35 Mpa

fctk,0.05 = 1.9626 MPa (for M35)

ϒc = 1.5
fctd = 1.31 MPa

fcd the design compressive strength

(ref: Cl 3.1.6, EN 1992-1-1:2000)

αcc = 0.8
fcd = 18.67 Mpa (for M35)

σn
stress per unit area caused by the minimum external normal force across the interface that can
act simultaneously with the shear force, positive for compression, such that σ n < 0,6 fcd, and
negative for tension. When σn is tensile c*fctd should be taken as 0.

σn = 0.00 Mpa (minimum vertical force)

= 0.00 Mpa < 0.6 fcd = 11.2 Mpa

As is the area of reinforcement crossing the interface, including ordinary shear

reinforcement (if any)
= 0 m2
Ai is the area of the joint
= 0.25 m2
ρ = As/Ai
= 0

Design shear resistance at the interface:

VRdi = 0.2 x 1.31 + 0.6 x 0 + 0
= 0.262 Mpa

Since, VEdi < VRdi SAFE

Therefore, Shear Connectors are not required as per EN 1992-1-1:2004.

B) As per Cl 5.8.4 of AASHTO, the shear transfer between two concrete surfaces cast
at different times (F.S.C. and track).
At the F.S.C. / track interface (full spread section), minimum steel area required is :
Avf ≥ 0.35 Acv / fy
Shear resistance is provided as
Vni = c Acv +µ Avf fy

Where, c = 0.52 Mpa

 µ = 0.6
K1 = 0.2
K2 = 5.5 Mpa
Above values are for concrete placed against a clean concrete surface, free of laitance, but
not intentionally roughened.

Acv = 2
Area of concrete considered to be engaged in interface shear transfer (mm )

Area of interface shear reinforcement crossing the shear plane within the area Acv
Avf =
(mm2)

Vui = Factor interface shear force

c = Cohesion Factor
µ = Friction Factor

We need to check that this minimum area always resists the factored external shear in the
case concerned :
i.e. Vri = ø V ni
≥ Vui
(Refer AASHTO cl no. 5.8.4.4, eq. no 5.8.4.1-1 & 5.5.4.1-2)

Detail calculations:
Block Base 535 mm x 284 mm

Shear transmission interface :

For load dispersion area,
Effective Length in transversal
section L = 715 mm

Effective width in longitudinal

section W1 = 344 mm

W2 = 584

2
Area, Acv = 3317.6 cm
fck = 35
fy = 500

Minimum Steel area required, Avf ≥ 0.35x3317.6 / 500

2
= 2.33 cm
Shear connectors provided as:
12 mm dia 200 mm c/c , 4 legs lying within effective width

Minimum steel provided = 4xpi()x12^2/4

2
= 4.53 > 2.33 cm
SAFE

Nominal shear resistance of the interface plane:

 (Ref: AASHTO Cl.No.5.8.4.3)
c = 0.52 Mpa
μ = 0.6
K1 = 0.2
K2 = 5.5 Mpa
Shear resistance due to Concrete
interface, cAcv = 172.5152 KN
Shear resistance due to min
reiforcement, μAvffy = 69.9 KN

Vni = cAcv + μAvffy

= 242.4152 KN
which is less than K1fcAcv = 2322.32 KN and
K2Acv = 1824.68 KN
SAFE
Factored interface shear force:

Factored interface shear

resistance, Vni*φ = 242.4152 KN
( for extreme limit state event Ø may be taken as 1)
Factored interface shear force
due to total load Vui = sqrt(83.3^2 + 3.79^2) (ii)
= 83.38593 < 242.4152 KN

SAFE
As shear resistance due to concrete interface, is much greater than the factored interface
shear force, hence only Concrete surface is sufficient to transfer the shear force from track
slab to first stage concrete. However, since the code dictates to use minimum reinforcement Avf, So
only minimum shear reinforcement shall be provided within shear interface area.

Hence as per EN 1992-1-1:2004, First stage concrete shall be of M35 grade,

& as per AASTHO LFRD, Shear connectors of 12mm dia. @200 c/c shall be provided.

2) CHECK FOR BEARING PRESSURE

The slab dimension considered for the load distribution form single booted block:
Length = length of load transfer area (longitudinal section)
= 344 mm
Width = width of load transfer area (transverse section)
= 715 mm
Load Dispersion Area (A)
= 344 x 715
2
= 245960 mm
Maximum Vertical Load "Fy"
Fy = 306.87 kN
Pressure transferred to First Stage Concrete
P = 306.87 x 1000 / 245960
= 1.25 Mpa
 Bearing capacity of First Stage Concrete
= 0.45 fck (ref: Cl 34.4, IS 456:2000)
= 15.75 Mpa
Since, Design Pressure < Bearing Capacity
SAFE

3) CHECK FOR PUNCHING SHEAR

As per Cl 34.2.4.1 (b) of IS 456:2000, Punching Shear is calculated at d/2 depth, from the base
of Booted block.

Length for the Punching Shear

L1 = 344 mm
L2 = 389 mm
Width for the Punching Shear
W = 640 mm

Perimeter for the Punching Shear, b0

bo = 2013 mm
d = 150 mm

Punching Shear, Vd
Vd = 306.87 x 1000 / ( 2013 x 150 )
= 1.02 Mpa

Permissibe Shear Stress in concrete, Vs

Vs = ks τc
where,
ks = (0.5+βc) <= 1 βc = 0.5308411
= 1.03 <= 1
= 1
τc = 0.25 fck
= 8.75 Mpa
Vs = 1 x 8.75
= 8.75 Mpa

Since, Vd < Vs SAFE